摘要：The health effects of climatic changes constitute an important research area, yet few researchers have reported city-or region-specific projections of temperature-related deaths based on assumptions about mitigation and adaptation. Herein, we provide quantitative projections for the number of additional deaths expected in the future.

摘要：Objective The migrant population is a vulnerable group for HIV infection in *** potential epidemic trends among migrants is critical for developing HIV preventative measures in this *** The Estimation and Projection Package （EPP） model was used to process prefecture and county-level surveillance data to generate HIV prevalence and epidemic trends for migrant populations in *** The prevalence of HIV among migrants in 2009 was estimated at 0.075% （95% CI：0.042%,0.108%） in *** HIV epidemic among migrants is likely to increase over the next 5 years,with the prevalence expected to reach 0.110% （95% CI：0.070%,0.150%） by *** Although the 2009 estimates for the HIV/AIDS epidemic in China indicate a slower rate of increase compared with the national HIV/AIDS epidemic,it is estimated to persistently increase among migrants over the next 5 *** will have a strong impact on the overall future of the HIV epidemic trend in China and evidence-based prevention and monitoring efforts should be expanded for this vulnerable population.

摘要：Combination antiretroviral therapy(ART)reduced AIDS-related mortality and increased survival among patients living with HIV by interrupting HIV replication,enhancing immune recovery,and preventing the onset of opportunistic infections[1].In China,ART has rapidly been scaled up since the beginning of the National Free Antiretroviral Treatment Program(NFATP)in 2003[2].By the end of 2016,489,411 individuals diagnosed with HIV were receiving free antiretroviral treatment in *** is firmly committed to reducing overall AIDS-related mortality and HIV incidence within the ***,similar to other low-and middle-income countries,the NFATP is challenged by high mortality and attrition shortly after patients initiate ART[3].

摘要：Objective To identify patterns of hand, foot and mouth disease （HFMD） incidence in China during declining incidence periods of 2008, 2009, and 2010. Methods Reported HFMD cases over a period of 25 months were extracted from the National disease Reporting System （NDRS） and analyzed. An interrupted time series （ITS） technique was used to detect changes in HFMD incidence rates in terms of level and slope between declining incidence periods of the three years. Results Over 3.58 million HFMD cases younger than 5 years were reported to the NDRS between May 1, 2008, and May 31, 2011. Males comprised 63.4% of the cases. ITS analyses demonstrated a significant increase in incidence rate level （P〈0.0001） when comparing the current period with the previous period. There were significant changes in declining slopes when comparing 2010 to 2009, and 2010 to 2008 （all P〈O.O05）, but not 2009 to 2008. Conclusion Incremental changes in incidence rate level during the declining incidence periods of 2009 and 2010 can potentially be attributed to a few factors. The more steeply declining slope in 2010 compared with previous years could be ascribed to the implementation of more effective interventions and preventive strategies in 2010. Further investigation is required to examine this possibility.

摘要：目标研究中国从2004到2011年0～14岁儿童因伤害导致的死亡负担及其变化趋势。设计利用中国疾病监测系统和中国妇幼死亡监测系统2004至2011年的全国代表性数据，计算年龄别标化伤害死亡率及其95％可信区间、伤害死亡构成比。

摘要：It is well known that a triangle can be divided by mid-point refinement into four sub-triangles with the same shape. Similarly, a tetrahedron can be parted into eight subtetrahedra, which are generally not uniform in shape. This paper proves that there exist a set of tetrahedra, which is called isometrically subdivisible tetrahedra(IST) and can be divided into eight isometric subtetrahedra, including identical and reflection ones. And a new classification of tetrahedra is put forward, based on which all tetrahedra can be categorized into 26 classes according to both the number of maximum equal edges and topological relations. The IST belongs only to three of the classes. That result provides a new viewpoint of spatial structure and may be used to tile or subdivide space uniformly or isometrically.

摘要：流感病毒和新型冠状病毒(SARS-CoV-2)是近年来频繁引发呼吸道疾病的主要病原,其引起的黏膜免疫应答对于病毒的控制和清除至关重要.目前对于SARS-CoV-2感染后肺部黏膜免疫应答的具体调控机制及其与流感感染的区别尚不清楚我们通过原位杂交-多重免疫荧光染色技术及空间转录组学揭示了流感病毒和SARS-CoV-2感染过程中局部免疫应答的动态变化过程,并发现相比于流感病毒感染,SARS-CoV-2感染早期肺部黏膜会更加快速地形成诱导性支气管相关淋巴组织(iBALT)结构并活化B1细胞产生较高水平IgM和IgA,可能在抗病毒感染及iBALT的形成中发挥重要作用.同时,SARS-CoV-2及表达其S蛋白的假病毒感染均能够促进小鼠和人的B1细胞的活化.将表达S蛋白的腺病毒疫苗AdC7-S对小鼠进行免疫后,可以成功诱导出包含B1细胞的iBALT,并在病毒感染中发挥保护作用.本研究揭示了呼吸道病毒引起的肺脏黏膜免疫动态应答过程,并阐明了SARS-CoV-2感染早期B1细胞的活化特点及免疫保护作用,为揭示新发呼吸道传染病的保护性应答机制及疫苗设计提供了理论基础.

摘要：一般情况下,每年冬季是季节性流感高发季节,但在当前2019冠状病毒病(COVID-19)大流行期间,全球季节性流感活动呈“断崖式”下降。为应对即将到来的流感季节,亟需弄清这种前所未有的流感低水平流行的原因。本文中,我们探索了一种国家特异性推理模型,利用该模型估计中国、英国和美国这三个国家中佩戴口罩、人员流动变化(国际和国内)以及严重急性呼吸综合征冠状病毒2型(SARS-CoV-2)干扰的影响。结果发现,在这些地区增加一周佩戴口罩的干预措施,流感活动可减少11.3%~35.2%。实施一周的限制人员流动措施对国际(1.7%~6.5%)和国内社区(1.6%~2.8%)的影响较小。2020年至2021年,仅佩戴口罩这一项干预措施就可使阳性率下降13.3%至19.8%。仅人员流动变化可使阳性率降低5.2%至14.0%,其中79.8%~98.2%归因于国际旅行限制。SARS-CoV-2干扰仅在2019年至2020年具有统计学显著效应。中国北方地区及英国的阳性百分比分别降低7.6%(2.4~14.4)和10.2%(7.2~13.6)。探索所得出的结果对了解非药物干预措施和其他呼吸系统疾病背景下的流感演变有一定意义,有助于制定卫生政策,并可为公共卫生措施的个性化设计提供信息。