摘要：为研究藏文文字对藏汉双语指路标志视认效果的影响,设计了4种不同藏文字高和高宽比的藏汉双语指路标志,并建立了道路仿真模型.选择藏族和汉族司机各10名,使用驾驶模拟器和眼动仪进行驾驶模拟实验.对眼动仪获取的被试瞳孔直径和视觉识别持续时间数据进行方差分析.结合驾驶模拟器数据统计分析结果和视认体验问卷调查结果,研究得出:在藏文字高为汉字字高的2/3时,藏族司机对指路标志的视认效果优于1/3和1/2汉字字高,说明增加藏文字高有利于提高指路标志的视认效果.藏文高宽比形式对驾驶员视认难易程度无显著影响,但会影响指路标志的美观性.建议提高藏文的推荐字高,以改善藏族司机的视认过程.

摘要：地铁郊区线路是城市通勤的重要方式,在早高峰期间可将郊区通勤乘客快速运送至中心城区的工作地点。由于通勤客流的巨大需求以及目的地集中性,即早高峰期间大多由郊区各站流向中心城区若干站点,导致列车和车站站台的过度拥挤,尤其是靠近市中心的地铁车站。据此,本文构建了列车运营计划与客流控制协同优化模型,列车运营计划包括大小交路和非等间隔时刻表服务。优化目标为降低最大站台滞留人数、站外总限流人数以及列车的总走行公里。为保证方案的可行性,模型考虑了列车车底的衔接以及最大可用车底数限制。针对所提出的大规模非线性模型,设计了嵌套暴力搜索的遗传算法进行求解。北京地铁房山线案例表明,本文提出的站外限流和小交路计划可有效降低靠近市中心的地铁车站的滞留乘客数,缓解高峰期拥挤现象。与现实无限流方案和本文无小交路方法相比,本文综合优化方法可提升目标函数的优化率超过14.8%。

摘要：岩爆预测对地下硬岩矿山的设计和施工至关重要。使用三种基于树的集成方法,对由102个历史案例(即1998—2011年期间14个硬岩矿山数据)组成的岩爆数据库进行了检查,以用于有岩爆倾向矿井的岩爆预测。该岩爆数据集包含六个广泛接受的倾向性指标,即:开挖边界周围的最大切向应力(MTS)、完整岩石的单轴抗压强度(UCS)和单轴抗拉强度(UTS)、应力集中系数(SCF)、岩石脆性指数(BI)和应变能储存指数(EEI)。以分类树作为基准分类器的两种Boosting算法(AdaBoost.M1,SAMME)和Bagging算法进行了评估,评估了它们学习岩爆的能力。将可用数据集随机分为训练集(整个数据集的2/3)和测试集(其余数据集)。采用重复10倍交叉验证(CV)作为调整模型超参数的验证方法,并利用边际分析和变量相对重要性分析了各集成学习模型特征。根据重复10倍交叉验证结果,对岩爆数据集的精度分析表明,与AdaBoost.M1、SAMME算法和岩爆经验判据相比,Bagging方法是预测硬岩矿山岩爆的最佳方法。

摘要：钢木混合结构是一种主要由钢框架、内填轻型木剪力墙和钢木混合楼盖组成的新型结构体系。分别对普通螺栓连接和高强螺栓连接的单榀钢木混合墙体进行了往复加载试验,对比了两种连接下墙体的破坏模式和荷载-位移关系。试验发现,与普通螺栓连接的墙体试件相比,高强螺栓连接的墙体试件受力性能较好,可以充分传递钢框架和木剪力墙间的剪力,保证两者协同工作。设计了72个不同参数的高强螺栓连接的钢木混合墙体模型,采用有限元软件OpenSees对模型进行往复加载的数值模拟,结果显示,在相同延性水平下,木剪力墙与钢框架初始刚度比大的钢木混合墙体较刚度比小的墙体具有更小的滞回阻尼比。对模拟结果进行统计回归分析,进而给出了估算钢木混合结构体系的滞回阻尼比的算式。基于研究成果,提出了钢木混合结构基于性能的抗震设计方法。

摘要：The paper first analyzes the failure mechanism and mode of tunnel according to model experiments and mechanical calculation and then discusses the deficiency of taking the limit value of displacement around the tunnel and the size of the plastic zone of surrounding rock as the criterion of stability. So the writers put forward the idea that the safety factor of surrounding rock calculated through strength reduction FEM(finit element method) should be regarded as the criterion of stability,which has strict mechanical basis and unified standard and would not be influenced by other factors. The paper also studies the safety factors of tunnel surrounding rock (safety factors of shear and tension failure) and lining and some methods of designing and calculating tunnels. At last,the writers take the loess tunnel for instance and show the design and calculation results of two-lane railway tunnel.

摘要：高分子玻璃的物理性质与其结构和动力学密切相关.揭示高分子玻璃化的微观物理图像对高分子玻璃材料的结构调控和分子设计至关重要.然而,高分子的长链结构和复杂单体结构特征致使目前仍然缺乏普适的理论或者模型来定量解释高分子玻璃化的物理机制.因此,亟需发展更为先进的研究方法从而更深入地理解高分子玻璃化.近年来,国内外学者利用基于数据驱动的信息学方法(例如机器学习)对高分子玻璃化开展了研究,并取得了丰富成果.本综述首先介绍了常用的高分子信息学数据库和机器学习算法.之后,从高分子玻璃化转变温度的预测、新型高分子玻璃材料的研发、过冷液体的结构-动力学关系和玻璃体系相变的确定四个方面总结和评述了机器学习应用在玻璃化研究中的代表性进展.最后,探讨了机器学习方法在高分子玻璃化研究中面临的主要挑战,并对玻璃信息学这一领域的发展进行了展望.

摘要：目的:压缩指数是软土工程领域的关键参数。本文旨在提出一个基于进化多项式回归和实编码遗传算法(EPR-RCGA)的回归分析方法,将压缩指数与物理特性建立相关关系并应用于工程实践。创新点:结合EPR和RCGA方法,将中国沿海21个不同区域的黏土的压缩性指数与天然含水率和液塑限之间建立相关关系,并采用均方根误差(RMSE)、赤池信息量准则(AIC)和贝叶斯信息准则(BIC)对所建立的不同回归模型进行优选。方法:1.从文献中收集中国沿海21个地区的黏土的压缩指数和常见的基本物理性质,并对数据进行整理和分类。2.进行压缩指数和天然含水量及液塑限之间的EPR回归关系分析,并采用新近提出的RCGA优化方法来提高回归关系的精度。3.采用RMSE、AIC和BIC对不同组合下的回归关系进行优选,并确定最佳回归关系。4.将得到的关系式应用到有限元路堤计算来验证所得关系式的实用性和准确性。结论:1.本文提出的压缩指数关系式比现有的经验公式更好,预测得到的压缩指数更为精确。2.采用所提出的压缩指数回归模型预测了东南沿海一路堤下不同土层的压缩指数,并应用所得数据和有限元方法对路堤的沉降进行了模拟分析,验证了所提方法的可靠性。3.所有结果表明,结合基于EPR和RCGA的回归分析方法以及基于RMSE、AIC和BIC的模型选择方法对分析压缩指数与黏土的物理性质的相关关系是切实可行的,可以更好地服务于中国沿海地区的工程设计。

摘要：对一种含1.69%Sb和0.14%Sn的铜精矿进行碱性硫化物浸出以除去Sb和Sn,对浸出条件建立数学模型,并对工艺条件进行优化。采用响应面方法并结合面心立方中央复合设计来优化工艺参数。选取浸出温度、硫化物浓度和固体含量作为变量参数,而将Sb和Sn的浸出率和达到浸出90%Sb所需时间作为响应参数。结果表明:温度和硫化物浓度对Sb和Sn的浸出影响显著,而固体含量的影响不显著。建立了一个数学模型来描述浸出条件,实验验证了该模型是可靠与准确的。

摘要：The Internet technology has already changed the Information Society in profound ways, and will continue to do so. Nowadays many people foresee that there is a similar trajectory for the next generation of Internet - Grid Technology. As an emerging computational and networking infrastructure, Grid Computing is designed to provide pervasive, uniform and reliable access to data, computational and human resources distributed in a dynamic, heterogeneous environment. On the other hand, the development of Geographic Information System （GIS） has been highly influenced by the evolution of information technology such as the Internet, telecommunications, software and various types of computing technology. In particular, in the distributed GIS domain, the development However, due to the closed and centralized has made significant impact in the past decade. legacy of the architecture and the lack of interoperability, modularity, and flexibility, current distributed GIS still cannot fully accommodate the distributed, dynamic, heterogeneous and speedy development in network and computing environments. Hence, the development of a high performance distributed GIS system is still a challenging task. So, the development of Grid computing technology undoubtedly provides a unique opportunity for distributed GIS, and a Grid Computing based GIS paradigm becomes inevitable. This paper proposes a new computing platform based distributed GIS framework - the Grid Geographic Information System （G^2IS）.

摘要：This paper presents an optimization algorithm for the design of tied back retaining wall which is comprised of the same three basic elements: stem, toe and heel, where the stem is hinged to the base and tied to the heel by multiple tie rods at intervals along the wall. The aim of this study is to find the values of design variables for this suggested type of tied back retaining walls which minimize the cost function subjected to constraints of the problem. The optimum design of such structure is conducted by using one of the nontraditional optimization methods, genetic algorithm (GA). The formulation of the problem is based on the elastic analysis and the ultimate strength method of design as per ACI-318-2011 code. The built-in genetic algorithm optimtool of Matlab program is utilized to optimize the cost function of the wall. The cost of concrete, reinforcing steel, tie steel, formwork, excavation, and backfilling works are included. The considered design variables are the geometric dimensions and the amounts of reinforcement for the base slab and stem slab, as well as the amount of tie steel. The developed program is utilized to perform an extensive parametric study regarding the height of wall, backfill soil properties, and materials properties including concrete, reinforcing steel, and tie steel. The backfill properties are represented by a pressure coefficient, which is a function of the unit weight and the angle of internal friction. Average expressions are calculated for the total cost and optimum dimensions as ratios of the wall height H2 which may be useful for the practical design of walls.