摘要：Homogeneous redox mediation is efficient in alleviating the shuttling effect and slow redox kinetics of lithium polysulfides in lithium-sulfur ***,their perfect performance is not fulfilled owning to the fact that the multi-step transformation of lithium polysulfides requests the multifunctional active positions for the tandem *** on the redox comediation principles,a promoter of mixing organodiselenide and organoditelluride(mixed-Se/Te)was raised to induce tandem catalysis and boost the effective electrochemical conversion of lithium *** specifically,diphenyl diselenide facilitated the liquid-liquid and solid-liquid transformation between lithium polysulfides and sulfur,while diphenyl ditelluride improved the solid-liquid transformation concerning lithium sulfide ***,even under high sulfur loading of 6.5 mg cm^(−2) and low electrolyte/sulfur ratio of 5.88μL mg^(−1),the 10 mM low concentration mixed-Se/Te promoter offered a high discharge capacity of 6.6 mAh cm^(−2) and high rate performance of 4.1 mAh cm^(−2) at 0.5 ***,the assembled 1.5 Ah-level lithium-sulfur pouch cells provide an energy density of 332 Wh kg^(−1) at 0.05 C and good cycling *** research demonstrates the applicability of propelling continuous sulfur conversion reactions with detached active positions and is anticipated to stimulate deep molecular design of kinetic promoter to targeted energy-associated redox reactions.

摘要：The simulation was made based on the model of pipe-shell reactor that was established by the model of global kinetics of synthesis of dimethyl ether from syngas over a bifunctional catalyst. The results of simulation showed that the selectivity for dimethyl ether （DME） and the conversion of CO were higher but the hot spot was kept below the temperature limit of the pipe-shell reactor. The suitable diameter of the pipe was φ38×2 mm, and the length of the pipe was 5.8 m. The optimal process conditions of the reactor were that the pressure was 5 MPa, the temperature of the cooling water was 240 ℃, and the temperature of the raw gas at inlet of the reactor was 220 ℃. The production of this reactor was 102800 t/y （ton per year） under these conditions.

摘要：At present,seawater electrolysis powered by renewable energy stands as a crucial method for the industrial production of *** the abundance of seawater and its inherently high conductivity,seawater electrolysis earns an increasing ***,challenges remain,such as the competitive chloride oxidation reaction(COR)caused by chloride ions(Cl^(-))and the corrosion of active sites,which hinder the industrial seawater *** this review,we initially outline four design strategies aimed at avoiding the occurrence of COR:designing selective oxygen evolution reaction(OER)active sites,anti-corrosion strategies,small molecules oxidize reaction(SMOR)and adjusting ***,we compile approaches to enhance the OER selectivity and corrosion resistance in seawater electrolysis,including introducing anion buffer ***,we categorize reported OER catalysts based on their composition and summarize the mechanism underlying their high activity and *** conclusion,we address the future challenges and prospects of industrializing seawater electrolysis.

摘要：Renewable energy conversion as well as water electrolysis technologies are constrained by the fact that kinetics are always slow in the electrocatalytic oxygen evolution reaction(OER).There are numerous means and strategies for the enhancement of OER *** this paper,we systematically review the important role of anionic vacancies in enhancing the OER activity of catalysts:increasing catalyst conductivity,improving electrical conductivity,and enhancing intermediate *** order to better detect the presence of vacancies in the samples,the principle of vacancy detection is reviewed in detail in terms of both spectroscopic and microscopic characterization,and the methods of vacancy formation as well as the factors influencing the concentration of vacancies are summarized in *** addition,the challenges and new directions for the study of anionic vacancies are *** Wang was awarded a *** chemistry from Jilin University in 2006 under the supervision of *** *** worked as a Postdoctoral Scholar in Shandong University,the State Key Laboratory of Crystal Materials from 2008 to *** is currently a professor at Qingdao University of Science and *** research interests mainly focus on the design and synthesis of functional organic-inorganic hybrids and porous MOFs materials,as well as their applications in photocatalysis,electrocatalysis,lithium-ion battery,*** Chi received her *** and *** from the State Key Laboratory of Heavy Oil Processing,China University of Petroleum(East China).She is currently an associate professor at Qing dao University of Science and *** research interests focus on the design and synthesis of transition metal-based nanostructures and porous MOFs materials for electrochemical applications.

摘要：By pairing two fluoropho res according to their optical prope rties such as absorption spectral overlap and absorptivity,fluorescent quantum yield and emission spectral separation,a bifunctional fluorescent probe,TQBF-NBD,was rationally designed and synthesized to discriminatively sense Hcy/Cys and GSH with good selectivity and *** is noted that this probe could work under a single-wave length excitation and displayed a mega-large Stokes ***-NBD reacted with Hcy/Cys to give a mixed green-red fluorescence and displayed a red fluorescence upon the treatment with *** imaging of intracellular Hcy/Cys from GSH with the help of TQBF-NBD was realized in living cells and zebrafish.

摘要：Disposal of the pollutants arising from farming cattle and other livestock threatens the environment and public safety in diverse ***,we report on the synthesis of engineered biochars using cow dung as raw material,and investigating these biochars as antibacterial agents for water *** coating the biochars with N-halamine polymer and loading them with active chlorine (i.e.,Cl+),we were able to regulate them on demand by tuning the polymer coating and bleaching *** obtained N-halamine-modified biochars were found to be extremely potent against Escherichia coli and Staphylococcus *** also investigated the possibility of using these N-halamine-modified biochars for bacterial decontamination in real-world *** findings indicated that a homemade filter column packed with N-halamine-modified biochars removed pathogenic bacteria from mining sewage,dairy sewage,domestic sewage,and artificial *** proposed strategy could indicate a new way for utilizing livestock pollutants to create on-demand decontaminants.

摘要：Molecular simulations are widely used to model molecularly imprinted polymers(MIPs)in order to enliance their adsorption and *** this study,chloramphenicol(CAP)and acrylamide(AM)were used as the template and flinctional monomer,respectively,and pentaenlhritol triacrylate(PETA),ethylene glycol dimethacrylate(EGDMA),and trimethvlolpropane trimethvlacrylate(TRIM)were used as cross-linking *** 6oB97XD/6-31 density functional theory method was employed to simulate binding sites,binding energy,the number of hydrogen bonds,the imprinted molar ratio,which produced the most stable complex,and the interaction *** cross-linking agent was optimized based on the binding *** atoms in molecules theory were used to study the nature of the imprinting *** theoretical calculations revealed that CAP and AM fonned ordered complexes via hydrogen bonding interactions when the molar ratio between CAP and AM was 1:7 using TRIM as the cross-linking *** CAP-AM complex(molar ratio 1:7)had the most stable structure,the largest number of hydrogen bonds,and the smallest *** experimental results indicate that the CAP-MIPs ionncd perfect microspheres with an average particle size of 314 *** chard plot analysis showed that the CAP-MIPs had only one type of binding site over thestudied concentration *** dissociation equilibriinn constant and maximum apparent adsorption capacities were 1887.35 mg/L(5.84 mmol/L)and 155.56 mg/g(0.482 mmol/g),respectively.

摘要：A new type of reactor,featured with impinging stream-rotating packed bed（IS-RPB）and coil pipes,was designed and used to prepare p-hydroxybenzaldehyde（PHB）by hydrolysis from diazonium *** influence of operating parameters,such as reaction temperature,reaction time and high gravity factor,on the yield of PHB was *** with the traditional kettle-type reactor,the yield of PHB with the new reactor is increased significantly and the reaction time is much *** the optimum conditions,the yield of PHB is increased from 51%to 84.1%.The reactor offers an opportunity for replacing the traditional batch mode operation with a continuous process.

摘要：The electrolysis of water powered by renewable energy sources offers a promising method of"green hydrogen"production,which is considered to be at the heart of future carbon-neutral energy *** the past decades,researchers have reported a number of hydrogen evolution reaction(HER)electrocatalysts with activity comparable to that of commercial Pt/C,but most of them are tested within a small current density range,typically no more than 500 mA cm^(-2).To realize the industrial application of hydrogen production from water electrolysis,it is essential to develop high-efficiency HER electrocatalysts at high current density(HCD≥500 mA cm^(-2)).Nevertheless,it remains challenging and significant to rational design HCD electrocatalysts for *** this paper,the design strategy of HCD electrocatalysts is discussed,and some HCD electrocatalysts for HER are reviewed in seven categories(alloy,metal oxide,metal hydroxide,metal sulfide/selenide,metal nitride,metal phosphide and other derived electrocatalysts).At the end of this article,we also pro-pose some viewpoints and prospects for the future development and research directions of HCD electrocatalysts for HER.

摘要：Sedimentary pigments are useful proxy indicators of phytoplankton biomass, community structure, primary productivity and human influence in lacustrine and oceanic ecosystems. Pigments are relatively labile due to their complex chemical structures, which makes the extraction and analysis of sedimentary pigments challenging. In addition, it is important to select appropriate methods to study sedimentary pigments in regions which lack previous investigations. In this study, we adopted the L9（34） orthogonal design to develop methods of extraction and HPLC （high performance liquid chromatography） analysis of sedimentary pigments at two lakes on the Tibetan Plateau： meromictic lake-Dagze Co and dimictic lake-Jiang Co. The orthogonal design comprises 9 combinations of various parameters for extraction and HPLC analysis. The results show that the type and volume of solvent are the most important factors for pigment extraction, and the mobile phase and column selection are the most important for HPLC analysis. For the study sites, we found that the best methods to extract sedimentary pigments are as follows： the use of a mixture of acetone：methanol：water （80： 15：5, v：v：v） as the extraction solvent; sol- vent/sample ratio of 10 mL/g; sonication for 30 s and standing extraction for 6 h. The best methods for HPLC analysis are as follows： Zorbax Eclipse plus C8 column with mobile phase A, methanol：acetonitrile：0.25 M aqueous pyridine （50： 25：25, v ： v ： v） and mobile phase B, methanol： acetonitrile： acetone （20： 60： 20, v： v： v）; pH of mobile phase A adjusted to 6 with acetic acid; and HPLC column temperature maintained at 40~C. The study provides an experimental basis for future investigations of past changes in primary productivity and the response of lake ecosystems to climate change and human activities on the Tibetan Plateau.