摘要：The datasets of the Chinese Academy of sciences(CAS)Flexible Global Ocean–Atmosphere–Land System(FGOALS-f3-L)model for the baseline experiment of the fully coupled runs in the Diagnostic,Evaluation and Characterization of Klima(DECK)common experiments of phase 6 of the Coupled Model Intercomparison Project(CMIP6)are described in this *** CAS FGOALS-f3-L model team submitted the pi Control run with a near equilibrium ocean state for 561 model years,and 160-year integrations for three ensemble members of abrupt-4×CO2 and 1pct CO2,*** ensemble members restart from the 600,650 and 700 model years in the pi Control run,*** baseline performances of the model are validated in this *** preliminary evaluation suggests that the CAS FGOALS-f3-L model can preserve the long-term stability well for a mean net radiation flux of 0.31 W m-2at the top of the atmosphere,and a limited decreasing trend of-0.03 W m-2/100 *** global annual mean SST is 16.45°C for the 561-year mean,with an increase of 0.03°C/100 *** model captures the basic spatial patterns of climate-mean SST and precipitation,but still underestimates the SST over the warm *** coupled model mitigates the precipitation bias in the ITCZ compared with the results from ***,the model’s climate sensitivity represented by the equilibrium climate sensitivity has been reduced from 4.5°C in CMIP5 to 3.0°C in *** these datasets contribute to the benchmark of model behaviors for the desired continuity of CMIP.

摘要：The climate variability in global land precipitation is important for the global hydrological *** on the Coupled Model Intercomparison Project Phase 6(CMIP6)historical experiments and the Global Monsoons Model Intercomparison Project(GMMIP)Tier-1 experiments,the spatialtemporal characteristics of global and regional land precipitation long-term climate changes in CAS FGOALS-f3-L are evaluated in this *** comparing these two kinds of experiments,the precipitation biases related to the SSTs are also *** results show that the two experiments could capture the precipitation trend and amplitude to a certain degree compared with *** GMMIP simulations show a higher skill than the historical runs verified by correlation coefficients partly because the observed monthly mean SST was *** the Northern Hemisphere,GMMIP can reproduce the trend and variability in global precipitation,while historical simulations cannot reproduce the trend and ***,both experiments fail to simulate the amplitude of the southern hemisphere summer precipitation *** empirical mode decomposition(EEMD)was applied to compare the simulated precipitation on different time *** sea surface temperature anomaly(SSTA)bias,especially the La Ni?a-type SSTA,is the dominant source of the model bias for simulating interannual precipitation *** authors also emphasize that the response of precipitation anomalies to the ENSO effect varies *** study highlights the importance of the multiannual variability in SSTAs in global and hemispheric precipitation *** ways to improve the simulation of global precipitation for CAS FGOALS-f3-L are also discussed.

摘要：The High Resolution Model Intercomparison Project(HighResMIP)is a unique model intercomparison project in phase 6 of the Coupled Model Intercomparison Project(CMIP6),which is focused on the impact of horizontal *** outputs of the high-and low-resolution versions of CAS FGOALS-f3-H and CAS FGOALS-f3-L for the experiments of the HighResMIP simulations in CMIP6 are described in this *** models and their configurations,experimental settings,and postprocessing methods are all *** FGOALS-f3-H,with a 0.25°horizontal resolution,and CAS FGOALS-f3-L,with a 1°horizontal resolution,were forced by the standard external conditions,and two coordinated sets of simulations were conducted for 1950–2014 and 2015–50 with the Experiment IDs of‘highresSST-present’and‘highresSST-future’,*** model outputs contain multiple time scales including the required hourly mean,three-hourly mean,six-hourly transient,daily mean,and monthly mean *** is reported that the 0.25°CAS FGOALS-f3-H successfully simulates some of the key challenges in climate modeling,including the average lifetime of tropical cyclones,particularly in the western parts of the northern Pacific Ocean,and the diurnal cycle of hourly *** datasets will contribute to the benchmarking of current models for CMIP,and studies of the impacts of horizontal resolutions on climate modeling issues.

摘要：The long atmospheric residence time of CO2 creates an urgent need to add atmospheric carbon drawdown to CO2 regulatory *** and systems biology(SSB),which enables manipulation of cellular phenotypes,offers a powerful approach to amplifying and adding new possibilities to current land management practices aimed at reducing atmospheric *** participants(in attendance:Christina Agapakis,George Annas,Adam Arkin,George Church,Robert Cook-Deegan,Charles DeLisi,Dan Drell,Sheldon Glashow,Steve Hamburg,Henry Jacoby,Henry Kelly,Mark Kon,Todd Kuiken,Mary Lidstrom,Mike MacCracken,June Medford,Jerry Melillo,Ron Milo,Pilar Ossorio,Ari Patrinos,Keith Paustian,Kristala Jones Prather,Kent Redford,David Resnik,John Reilly,Richard ***,Daniel Segre,Susan Solomon,Elizabeth Strychalski,Chris Voigt,Dominic Woolf,Stan Wullschleger,and Xiaohan Yang)identified a range of possibilities by which SSB might help reduce greenhouse gas concentrations and which might also contribute to environmental sustainability and *** include,among other possibilities,engineering plants to convert CO2 produced by respiration into a stable carbonate,designing plants with an increased root-to-shoot ratio,and creating plants with the ability to self-fertilize.A number of serious ecological and societal challenges must,however,be confronted and resolved before any such application can be fully assessed,realized,and deployed.