摘要：This paper presents a novel topology optimization method to design graded lattice structures to minimize the volume subject to displacement constraints based on the independent continuous mapping(ICM)***,the effective elastic properties of graded unit cells are analyzed by the strain energy-based homogenization method.A surrogate model using quartic polynomial interpolation is built to map the independent continuous topological variable to the effective elastic matrix of the unit cell and set up the relationship between the macroscale structure and microscale unit ***,a lightweight topology optimization model is established,which can be transformed into an explicitly standard quadratic programming problem by sensitivity analysis and solved by dual sequential quadratic ***,several numerical examples demonstrate that graded lattice structures have a better lightweight effect than uniform lattice structures,which validates the effectiveness and feasibility of the proposed *** results show that graded lattice structures become lighter with increasing displacement *** addition,some diverse topological configurations are *** method provides a reference for the graded lattice structure design and expands the application of the ICM method.

摘要：The complete description of outdoor luminous and thermal environment is the basis for daylight utilization design with simulation ***,Typical Meteorological Year(TMY)and generation method specifically developed for the energy simulation of daylight-utilized buildings is still unavailable *** environment parameters have not been taken into consideration in existing TMY generation *** this study,the feasibility of existing TMY generation process has been examined.A generic office model implementing sided window daylighting is *** meteorological data of Hong Kong region from 1979 to 2007 have been collected and three existing weighting schemes are applied during the Typical Meteorological Month(TMM)selection *** TMY files for Hong Kong are generated and used to conduct integrated Climate-Based Daylight Modeling and building energy *** result demonstrates that,on annual basis,the energy consumption results obtained from the generated TMY files are in good agreements with the long-term mean annual *** maximum deviation of annual energy consumptions for the generated TMY files is only 1.8%.However,further analysis on monthly basis shows that all the three generated TMY files fail to fully represent the long-term monthly mean *** maximum deviation of monthly energy consumptions for the generated TMY files can reach up to 11%.As the energy performance daylight utilization is subject to weather change,analysis on daily and monthly energy level is important,especially during design *** deficiency of existing TMM selection process and TMY generation method indicates the necessity to develop a corresponding typical weather data input with finer resolution for the energy simulation of daylight-related buildings.