摘要：The practical application of high-energy lithium–sulfur battery is plagued with two deadly *** is the“shuttle effect”originated from the sulfur cathode,and the other is the low Coulombic efficiency and security issues arising from the lithium metal *** addressing these issues,we propose a novel silicon-sulfurized poly(acrylonitrile)full *** this lithium metal-free system,the Li source is pre-loaded in the cathode,using a nitrogen evolution reaction(NER)to implant Li+into the silicon/carbon *** poly(acrylonitrile)based on a solid–solid conversion mechanism can fundamentally circumvent the“shuttle effect”.Meanwhile,the silicon/carbon anode can achieve more efficient utiliza-tion and higher security when compared with the Li metal *** full cell used in this technology can deliver a capacity of 1169.3 mAh g^(-1),and it can be stabilized over 100 cycles,implying its excellent elec-trochemical ***,the practical pouch cell with a high sulfur loading of 4.2 mg cm^(-2)can achieve a high specific energy of 513.2 Wh *** mechanism of the NER in cathode has also been investigated and analyzed by in situ ***,this battery design completely conforms to the current battery production technology because of the degassing of gasbag,resulting in a low manufactur-ing *** work will open the avenue to develop a lithium metal-free battery using the NER.

摘要：高熵合金近年来在电催化领域广受关注.由于其四大“核心效应”,即高熵效应、晶格畸变效应、迟滞扩散效应和鸡尾酒效应,高熵合金在诸多电催化反应中展现出了优异的活性和选择性.然而在已报道的文献综述中,有关其优异性能的理解以及合理设计的系统性总结仍然具有局限性.本文不仅综述了高熵合金电催化剂的特点和设计准则,还对其应用的最新进展进行了系统性的归纳整理,对高熵合金未来的发展具有指导意义.首先我们从多个角度阐明了高熵合金作为一种优异电催化剂的原因,包括其出色的机械性能、可优化的结构和组成、大量具有高本征活性的活性位点,以及出色的稳定性.为了进一步深入对高熵合金电催化剂的理解,我们还从设计准则、元素选择,以及理论计算预测材料性质等角度,详细介绍了高熵合金的合理设计.随后,我们介绍了高熵合金电催化剂在电解水、有机小分子氧化、燃料电池和碳/氮基转化反应的最新研究进展,其中还包括了一系列理论计算和原位表征在理解催化反应机理方面的应用.最后,我们展望了高熵合金电催化剂在未来发展中面临的挑战和机遇.

摘要：The photo-induced ultrafast electron dynamics in both anatase and rutile TiO_(2) are investigated by using the Boltzmann transport equation with the explicit incorporation of electron-phonon scattering *** structural parameters required for dynamic simulations are obtained from ab initio *** results show that although the longitudinal optical modes significantly affect the electron energy relaxation dynamics in both phases due to strong Fr?hlich-type couplings,the detailed relaxation mechanisms have obvious *** the case of a single band,the energy relaxation time in anatase is 24.0 fs,twice longer than 11.8 fs in *** discrepancy is explained by the different diffusion distributions over the electronic Bloch states and different scattering contributions from acoustic modes in the two *** for the multiple-band situation involving the lowest six conduction bands,the predicted overall relaxation times are about 47 fs and 57 fs in anatase and rutile,respectively,very different from the case of the single *** slower relaxation in rutile is attributed to the existence of multiple rate-controlled steps during the dynamic *** present findings may be helpful to control the electron dynamics for designing efficient TiO_(2)-based devices.

摘要：Recent studies confirm that the emerging bifunctional catalysts consisting of metal oxide and zeolites can directly convert syngas into high-quality gasoline,however,the formation mechanism of iso-paraffins and the difference with the conventional FT/zeolite catalyst have not been ***,three one-dimensional SAPO zeolites with diverse micropore sizes were synthesized and assembled with ZnAlO_(x)with spinel *** was found that ZnAlO_(x)/SAPO-41 and ZnAlO_(x)/SAPO-11 with medium micropore sizes favored the formation of C_(5)–C_(11)hydrocarbons with a high content of *** characterizations pointed out that the formation of iso-paraffins over SAPO-11 followed a pore-mouth catalysis mechanism,which means the isomerization of linear hydrocarbons can only take place near the pore mouth region of *** mechanism only allows the formation of mono-branched iso-paraffins in the C_(5)–C_(11)range,which are less prone to be cracked than their di-branched isomers.A careful comparative analysis between ZnAlO_(x)/SAPO-11 and Co/H-meso-ZSM-5 was also made in terms of product distribution,activity,and stability.

摘要：A series of novel 3,4-dichloroisothiazole based 1,2,4-triazole derivatives were rationally designed and synthesized. Their structures were confirmed by IH NMR, 13C NMR, HRMS or elemental analysis; the typical crystal structure was determined by X-ray diffraction for validation. All target compounds were evaluated for their in vitro fungicidal and in vivo anti-TMV activities. The bioassay results indicated that compound 6b, namely 1-（3,4-dichloroisothiazol-5-yo）-o-（4-ouorophenyo）-2-（OH-o,2o4-triazol-o-yl）ethanol, exhibited excellent growth inhibition against B. cinerea, C. arachldico;a and P. piricola with median effective concentrations （EC50） of 6.98, 2.73 and 3.07μg/mL, respectively, and good in vivo anti-TMV activity of over 60% of inactivation and induction activity at 100 μg/mL. These data demonstrate that compound 6b is both a fungicide and an anti-TMV lead, deserving further studies.

摘要：The ＂neat＂ operation of the two-reactant reactive distillation column has Oetter steady-state economics, while It presents a challenge for design, optimization, and control of the process. Based on the optimal economic design, the dual-composition control structure and dual-temperature control structure are designed respectively for the benzene chlorine consecutive reactive distillation process. The effectiveness and robustness are analyzed comparably for the disturbance resistance in terms of changes of production rate and feed composition. Results show that dual-temperature control with propose selection of tray temperatures and the optimal profile of the set point can provide better transient process performance than the composition control structure.

摘要：Two coordination polymers were synthesized by hydrothermal reaction,namely,[Cd(H_(3)cpbda)(2,2′‑bipy)(H_(2)O)]_(n)(1)and[Mn(H_(3)cpbda)(phen)(H_(2)O)]_(n)(2),where H_(5)cpbda=5,5′‑[(5‑carboxy‑1,3‑phenyl)bis(oxy)]triisophthalic acid,2,2′‑bipy=2,2′‑bipyridine,phen=1,10‑*** two complexes were characterized by single‑crystal X‑ray diffraction,powder diffraction,infrared spectroscopy,and thermogravimetric *** 1 and 2 are“V”‑shaped 1D chains,and the molecules form 2D(1)and 3D framework(2)structures through weakπ…π***,complex 1 was dispersed in an aqueous solution and its fluorescence intensity demonstrated excellent *** 1 can specifically detect ciprofloxacin in urine with a detection limit of 1.91×10^(-8)mol·L^(-1).CCDC:2359498,1;2359499,2.

摘要：Hierarchical FeP nanoarray films composed of FeP nanopetals were successfully synthesized via a bio-inspired hydrothermal route followed by phosphorization. Glycerol as a crystal growth modifier, plays a significant role in controlling the morphology and structure of the FeO（OH） precursor during the biomineralization process, while the following transfer and pseudomorphic transformation of the FeO（OH） film successfully give rise to the FeP array film. The as-prepared FeP film electrodes exhibit excellent hydrogen evolution reaction （HER） performance over a wide pH range. Theoretical calculations reveal that the mixed P/Fe termination in the FeP film is responsible for the high catalytic activity of the nanostructured electrodes. This new insight will promote further explorations of efficient metal phosphoride-based catalysts for the HER. More importantly, this study bridges the gap between biological and inorganic self-assembling nanosystems and may open up a new avenue for the preparation of functional nanostructures with application in energy devices.

摘要：Experimental design （DOE） was employed to precisely determine the content of rubidium in chloride type brine of Qionglai （A city in Sichuan province, southwest of China） using atomic absorption spectrometry （AAS） technique. From the statistical analysis of six factors, it was found that K＋ and CI- were the significant interfering elements for the determination of rubidium. A model was established to eliminate the interference effects of K＋ and Cl . The experimental results indicate that, under the optimal conditions, the developed method for the rubidium determination possesses the advantages of low detection limit （0.019 μg·mL^-1 at a significant level of 0.05） and higher recovery （97.2%--103.4%）.

摘要：Tertiary phosphines and their oxides react with oxalyl bromide to generate corresponding quaternary phosphonium salts,which can be further transformed as active intermediates to facilitate the bromination of alcohols and the dibromination of unsaturated *** chemical process carries substantial research significance in the field of organic *** this study,two types of triaryl phosphine oxides and benzyl diaryl phosphine oxides containing alkyne groups were designed and *** compounds were then subjected to reaction with oxalyl bromide,resulting in the formation of novel benzophosphonium tribromides and trans-phosphoryl dibromoalkenes,*** findings demonstrate variations from their reactions with oxalyl ***,the benzophosphonium tribromide obtained can act as an alternative reagent for bromine,enabling the direct bromination of aromatics compounds,olefin,alkyne and acetophenone derivatives.