摘要：This ranearch is focused on the, develonment of a simnle design model of the submerged catalysis/membrane filtration （catalysis/MF） system for phenol hydroxylation over TS-1 based on the material balance of the phenol under steady state and the reported kinetic studies. Based on the developed model, the theoretical phenol Conversions at steady state could be calculated using the kinetic parameters obtained from the previous batch experiments. The theoretical conversions are in good agreement with the experimental data obtained in the submerged catalysis/MF system within relative error of ±5%. The model can be used to determine the optimal experimental conditions to carry out the phenol hydroxylation over TS-1 in the submerged catalysis/MF system.

摘要：液晶弹性体(LCEs)是一种刺激响应性材料,具有较大且可逆变形的能力,在软致动器、人造肌肉、光子器件和生物医学工程等领域引起了广泛的关注.与具有永久交联网络的传统液晶弹性体不同,具有共价自适应网络的液晶弹性体(CAN-LCEs)可以通过键交换反应引起的网络重排将多畴液晶弹性体编程为单畴液晶弹性体.此外,CAN-LCEs还具有焊接、自修复、回收、再加工或重新编程的能力.本文综述了CAN-LCEs的最新研究成果,详细讨论了基于各种类型的键交换反应的CAN-LCEs及其设计策略.同时,本文还介绍了共价自适应网络给LCEs带来的新功能,包括焊接、自愈、重塑、回收、重新编程等,并探讨了CAN-LCEs在各种领域的应用前景.最后,本文总结了这一新兴研究领域面临的挑战和潜在的未来发展方向.

摘要：Three acceptor-donor-acceptor （A-D-A） small molecules DCAODTBDT, DRDTBDT and DTBDTBDT using dithieno[2,3-d：2＇,3＇-d＇]benzo[1,2-b：4,5-b＇]dithiophene as the central building block, octyl cyanoacetate, 3-octylrhodanine and thiobarbituric acid as the end groups were designed and synthesized as donor materials in solution-processed photovoltaic cells （OPVs）. The impacts of these different electron withdrawing end groups on the photophysical properties, energy levels, charge carrier mobility, morphologies of blend films, and their photovoltaic properties have been systematically investigated. OPVs device based on DRDTBDT gave the best power conversion efficiency （PCE） of 8.34%, which was significantly higher than that based on DCAODTBDT （4.83%） or DTBDTBDT （3.39%）. These results indicate that rather dedicated and balanced consideration of absorption, energy levels, morphology, mobility, etc. for the design of small-molecule-based OPVs （SM-OPVs） and systematic investigations are highly needed to achieve high performance for SM-OPVs.

摘要：Tuning the electronic properties of single atom catalysts(SACs)between the central metal and the neighboring surface atoms has emerged as an efficient strategy to boost catalytic efficiency and metal *** we describe a simple and efficient approach to create atomically dispersed palladium atoms supported over defect-containing porous ceria nanorod containing palladium up to 0.26 wt.%.The existence of singly dispersed palladium atoms is confirmed by spherical aberration correction electron microscopy and extended X-ray absorption fine structure *** catalyst shows excellent efficiency in hydrodehalogenation reactions at low H2 pressure under mild conditions,along with satisfactory recyclability and *** functional theory(DFT)calculations reveal that the high activity stems from the spatial isolation of palladium atoms and the modified electronic structure of palladium confined in defect-containing ceria *** work may lay the foundation for the facile creation of single atom catalysts within the synthetic community and shed light on the possibility for scale-up production.

摘要：设计和制备具有优异稳定性和高活性的催化剂对于提高锂-氧气电池的性能至关重要.由于其可调节的结构及促进氧还原反应和析氧反应动力学的有效性,异质结构催化剂引起了广泛的研究兴趣.在这项工作中,CuCo_(2)S_(4)/CoS_(1.097)多元金属硫化物被证明是锂-氧气电池氧电极反应的有效电催化剂.密度泛函理论计算表明,CuCo_(2)S_(4)/CoS_(1.097)的电子结构在异相界面处受到调控,有利于优化氧电极反应过程中间体的吸附,最终加速氧电极反应动力学.实验结果表明,基于CuCo_(2)S_(4)/CoS_(1.097)的锂-氧气电池在100 m A g^(-1)下具有26,727.8 m A h g^(-1)的高比容量和超过267次循环的出色耐久性.该工作为锂-氧气电池高性能正极材料的设计和构造提供了新视角.

摘要：Herein,two asymmetric hexacyclic fused small molecule acceptors(SMAs),namely BP4F-HU and BP4F-UU,were *** elongated outside chains in the BP4F-UU molecule played a crucial role in optimizing the morphology of blend film,thereby improving charge mobility and reducing energy loss within the corresponding ***,the PM6:BP4F-UU device exhibited a higher open-circuit voltage(V_(oc))of 0.878 V compared to the PM6:BP4F-HU device with a V_(oc)of 0.863 ***,a new wide bandgap SMA named BTP-TA was designed and synthesized as the third component to the PM6:BP4F-UU host binary devices,which showed an ideal complementary absorption spectrum in PM6:BP4F-UU *** addition,BTP-TA can achieve efficient intermolecular energy transfer to BP4F-UU by fluorescence resonance energy transfer(FRET)pathway,due to the good overlap between the photoluminescence(PL)spectrum of BTP-TA and the absorption region of ***,ternary devices with 15wt%BTP-TA exhibits broader photon utilization,optimal blend morphology,and reduced charge recombination compared to the corresponding binary ***,PM6:BP4F-UU:BTP-TA ternary device achieved an optimal power conversion efficiency(PCE)of 17.83%with simultaneously increased V_(oc)of 0.905 V,short-circuit current density(J_(sc))of 26.14 mA/cm^(2),and fill factor(FF)of 75.38%.

摘要：Electrochemical CO_(2) reduction reaction (CO_(2) RR) offers a practical solution to current global greenhouse effect by converting excessive CO_(2) into value-added chemicals or fuels. Noble metal-based nanomaterials have been considered as efficient catalysts for the CO_(2) RR owing to their high catalytic activity, long-term stability and superior selectivity to targeted products. On the other hand, they are usually loaded on different support materials in order to minimize their usage and maximize the utilization because of high price and limited reserve. The strong metal-support interaction (MSI) between the metal and substrate plays an important role in affecting the CO_(2) RR performance. In this review, we mainly focus on different types of support materials (e.g., oxides, carbons, ligands, alloys and metal carbides) interacting with noble metal as electrocatalysts for CO_(2) RR. Moreover, the positive effects about MSI for boosting the CO_(2) RR performance via regulating the adsorption strength, electronic structure, coordination environment and binding energy are presented. Lastly, emerging challenges and future opportunities on noble metal electrocatalysts with strong MSI are discussed.

摘要：Sedimentary pigments are useful proxy indicators of phytoplankton biomass, community structure, primary productivity and human influence in lacustrine and oceanic ecosystems. Pigments are relatively labile due to their complex chemical structures, which makes the extraction and analysis of sedimentary pigments challenging. In addition, it is important to select appropriate methods to study sedimentary pigments in regions which lack previous investigations. In this study, we adopted the L9（34） orthogonal design to develop methods of extraction and HPLC （high performance liquid chromatography） analysis of sedimentary pigments at two lakes on the Tibetan Plateau： meromictic lake-Dagze Co and dimictic lake-Jiang Co. The orthogonal design comprises 9 combinations of various parameters for extraction and HPLC analysis. The results show that the type and volume of solvent are the most important factors for pigment extraction, and the mobile phase and column selection are the most important for HPLC analysis. For the study sites, we found that the best methods to extract sedimentary pigments are as follows： the use of a mixture of acetone：methanol：water （80： 15：5, v：v：v） as the extraction solvent; sol- vent/sample ratio of 10 mL/g; sonication for 30 s and standing extraction for 6 h. The best methods for HPLC analysis are as follows： Zorbax Eclipse plus C8 column with mobile phase A, methanol：acetonitrile：0.25 M aqueous pyridine （50： 25：25, v ： v ： v） and mobile phase B, methanol： acetonitrile： acetone （20： 60： 20, v： v： v）; pH of mobile phase A adjusted to 6 with acetic acid; and HPLC column temperature maintained at 40~C. The study provides an experimental basis for future investigations of past changes in primary productivity and the response of lake ecosystems to climate change and human activities on the Tibetan Plateau.

摘要：A series of zwitterionic‐type quaternary ammoniums(ZTQAs)with varying lengths of alkyl chains combined with KI were synthesized and considered as catalysts for the coupling reaction of CO2 and various terminal *** prolonged alkyl chain of ZTQAs exhibited temperature‐responsive self‐separation in propylene carbonate(PC).The interaction between ZTQAs and KI was confirmed by X‐ray photoelectron spectroscopy and quantum chemical *** interaction strengthened the nucleophilicity of the I?ion,favoring the catalytic *** 3‐(dimethyltetradecylammonium)propane sulfonate(DTPS)/KI showed an excellent yield of PC(95.1%)at 125°C,1.5 MPa,and 1 mol%loading of *** precipitate formed spontaneously from the catalytic system,providing high catalytic activity of the homogeneous catalyst,as well as easy recovery of the heterogeneous catalyst.

摘要：Aqueous zinc ion hybrid capacitors(ZIHCs)are considered one of the most promising electrochemical energy storage systems due to their high safety,environmental friendliness,low cost,and high power ***,the low energy density and the lack of sustainable design strategies for the cathodes hinder the practical application of ***,we design the N and O co-doped porous carbon cathode by annealing metal-organic framework(ZIF-8).ZIF-8 retains the original dodecahedral structure with a high specific surface(2814.67 m^(2)/g)and I_(G)/I_(D) ratio of 1.0 during carbonization and achieves self-doping of N and O *** defect sites are introduced into the porous carbon to provide additional active sites for ion adsorption after the activation of carbonized ZIF-8 by KOH *** ZIHCs assembled with modified ZIF-8 as the cathode and commercial zinc foil as the anode show an energy density of 125 W∙h/kg and a power density of 79 W/*** addition,this ZIHCs device achieves capacity retention of 77.8%after 9000 electrochemical cycles,which is attributed to the diverse pore structure and plentiful defect sites of ZIF-8-800(KOH).The proposed strategy may be useful in developing high-performance metal-ion hybrid capacitors for large-scale energy storage.