摘要：Advanced energy storage technologies are widely needed to efficiently utilize renewable energies such as solar and wind energy and satisfy burgeoning clean energy needs while mitigating the environmental impact of fossil fuels[1–4].Aqueous organic redox flow batteries(AORFBs)have drawn substantial attention in this area because of their decoupled energy and power,excellent scalability,and use of highly structurally tunable organic redox active species[5].

摘要：高活性MOF基催化剂的设计和合成为促进动力学不利的氧还原反应(ORR)过程开辟了新的途径.本研究通过在ZIF-8前驱体表面涂覆二茂铁甲酸,然后进行两步炭化工艺,设计和制备了一种具有新型结构的高效电催化剂,以提高ORR性能.两步炭化过程对于将热解Fe_(3)C纳米颗粒封装到碳纳米管(CNTs)中以及将Fe单原子隔离到N掺杂碳(NC)基体上至关重要.此外,Fe元素的相对含量对优化催化剂的ORR性能至关重要.所制得Fe_(3)C@CNTs/NC-M催化剂结构先进,在碱性溶液中表现出良好的长期稳定性和电催化ORR性能,其半波电位和极限电流分别达到0.941 V和6.31 mA cm^(-2).此外,该电催化剂在甲醇溶液中具有较强的耐受性和良好的稳定性.Fe_(3)C@CNTs/NC-M锌空气电池(ZAB)具有1.525 V的开路电位,420 mA cm^(-2)时的峰值功率密度为348 mW cm^(-2),10 mA cm^(-2)时的最大容量为843 mA h g_(Zn)^(-1).因此,这种合成策略为构建具有有效和稳定的ORR性能的MOF基电催化材料提供了一条有效途径.

摘要：Coronavirus disease 2019(COVID-19),caused by severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2,has spread globally and threatens public *** in vitro models that recapitulate the architecture and functioning of specific tissues and organs are in high demand for COVID-19-related pathology studies and drug *** three-dimensional in vitro cultures,such as self-assembled and engineered organoid cultures,surpass conventional two-dimensional cultures and animal models with respect to increased cellular complexity,an environment more relevant to humans,and reduced cost,they are promising platforms for understanding viral pathogenesis and developing new *** review highlights the recent advances in self-assembled and engineered organoid technologies that are used for COVID-19 *** challenges and future perspectives are also discussed.

摘要：二元纳米颗粒中元素的分布状态与其电催化性能之间的构效关系对于设计高性能催化剂至关重要.本文通过改变高温冲击法的电流大小,快速制备出一系列具有不同颗粒尺寸和元素分布的Pd-Ag纳米颗粒.研究发现, 30 A冲击电流下得到的Pd-Ag纳米颗粒(PdAg-30A)在电催化甲醇氧化反应中表现出优异的催化性能以及抗CO毒化能力.结合分子动力学与原子芯能级模拟,研究得到了纳米颗粒结构在不同温度下演化的理论图像并据此建立了PdxAg@Ag模型.基于该模型的密度泛函模拟表明, PdAg-30A样品的高性能源于其较低的甲醇分子脱氢势垒和良好的CO+OH共吸附作用.这一研究结果表明了调控二元纳米颗粒中的元素分布在电催化甲醇氧化反应中的重要作用.

摘要：Objective The aim of this study was to determine the levels of high-density lipoprotein 2 (HDL2), high-density lipoprotein 3 (HDL3), and monocyte chemoattractant protein (MCP-1) and their associations. We subsequently assessed the role of HDL particles and inflammatory factors in premature coronary artery disease (CAD) patients[第一段]

摘要：基于等离子体金属纳米颗粒的光热水蒸发技术具有广阔的发展前景.然而,由于金属纳米颗粒的不稳定性,高温下金属纳米颗粒将发生表面熔融,水中的腐蚀性离子也能通过扩散作用直接与金属纳米颗粒结合而将其刻蚀.因此,长时间循环会使得金属纳米颗粒出现明显的性能衰减.为了解决这些问题,我们基于海绵模板法设计合成了一种具有三明治结构的夹心纳米片,其中金纳米颗粒限域在还原氧化石墨烯纳米片的层间.得益于限域效应,表面熔融效应和离子扩散现象都得到了很好的抑制.基于此夹心纳米片,我们构建了一种光热水蒸发器.在10 kW的高光强下,该水蒸发器表现出高达85.2%的光-水蒸气转换效率,经过30次循环海水淡化实验,性能一直保持稳定,没有出现明显衰减,表明这种通过三明治结构限域金纳米颗粒的设计有利于促进光热海水淡化技术的实际应用.

摘要：与宏观块材不同,纳米材料高的表面能赋予其亚稳态特性,使其对外界变化十分敏感.当纳米颗粒与外界发生强烈相互作用(溶解、酸解等)时,这些高度不稳定的纳米颗粒将通过一系列持续的调整过程(结构重组、化学转化等)来达到一个新的稳态,而合理地利用这些调整过程可实现功能纳米材料的非常规设计和制备.本文基于ZnSe[DETA]0.5有机无机杂化纳米带的低稳定性提出了一种氧化石墨烯非常规化学石墨化和功能化新策略.在强酸作用下,H^+离子会质子化ZnSe[DETA]0.5纳米带中的DETA分子,使得原本被DETA分子所稳定的ZnSe无机片层变得极为不稳定,释放出高还原性的Se^2−阴离子.这些高还原性的Se2−阴离子与溶液中的氧化石墨烯纳米片相互作用,在室温条件下即可对其进行非常规化学还原和掺杂.此外,由于Se^2−/Se较低的还原电势(−0.924V),通过控制Se^2−阴离子的氧化过程和后处理过程,可分别得到Se/(Se+ZnSe)/ZnSe与还原石墨烯的三种不同复合材料;其中,Se-还原石墨烯复合材料又可作为前驱体进一步通过物理/化学过程形成Se纳米线/Cu2Se/Ag2Se/Pt与还原石墨烯复合材料.显然,合理地利用纳米材料的不稳定过程可以为构建各种功能纳米材料提供一个非常规设计和制备平台.

摘要：具有粘合性能的导电水凝胶是一种非常有前景的生物电子材料,其中金属纳米材料通常被用作添加材料以提高水凝胶的导电性.然而,由于纳米导电材料在水凝胶中极容易聚集,使得高导电率的金属纳米材料复合水凝胶难以制备.本文中,我们通过在壳聚糖-银纳米线复合气凝胶中原位形成水凝胶网络,设计并制备了一种可导电、可拉伸、可粘合、可抗菌的新型多功能水凝胶.高导电性能的银纳米线在具有形状记忆性能的气凝胶内表面集成为导电通路,并且气凝胶还对复合水凝胶起到增强、增韧的效果,银离子固有杀菌能力也使得该导电水凝胶具有优异的抗菌性能.最后,灌注在气凝胶中的水凝胶分子链上的活性官能团,使得复合水凝胶可以通过分子缝线牢固地结合在湿态生物组织表面.本文提出的这种气凝胶辅助导电水凝胶组装的新策略,为实现将功能单元与水凝胶组装及复合提供了一条新途径.

摘要：光电化学(PEC)产氢作为产生清洁、可持续能源的理想途径,引起了科学家们极大的兴趣.然而,光阳极的不稳定性及低能量转换效率使其实际应用受到阻碍.本文通过设计空穴提取层(HEL)加速光生空穴的转移与消耗,进而改善光阳极的不稳定性.HEL由还原氧化石墨烯(RGO)和其他助催化剂构成,可分别用于快速转移空穴和加速空穴消耗.本文展示了基于CdSeTe纳米线和基于RGO/PdS纳米颗粒的HEL组成的高稳定性光阳极.该光阳极具有出色的耐光腐蚀性能,可在0.5VRHE下稳定产氢2 h以上.

摘要：Background Most interventions for conditions with a small cohort size,such as transplantation,are unlikely to be part of a clinical *** condition-specific evidence is lacking,expert consensus can offer more precise guidance to improve *** of cardiovascular risk in liver-transplant recipients is one example for which clinicians have,to date,adapted evidence-based guidelines from studies in the general ***,even when consensus is achieved,implementation of practice guidance is often inadequate and *** report on a novel mixed-methods approach,the Northwestern MethodVC,for the development of clinical-practice guidance when condition-specific evidence is *** illustrate the method through the development of practice guidance for managing cardiovascular risk in liver-transplant *** The Northwestern MethodVC consists of(i)adaptation of relevant,existing,evidence-based clinical-practice guidelines for the target population;(ii)consensus by experts of the proposed practice guidance;(iii)identification of barriers to guidance adherence in current practice;and(iv)recommendation for implementation and dissemination of the practice *** method is based on an iterative,user-centered approach in which the needs,wants,and limitations of all end users,including patients,are attended to at each stage of the design and development *** The Northwestern MethodVC for clinical-practice-guidance development uses a mixed-methods approach to bring together broad representation from multiple disciplines and practice settings to develop consensus considering the unique needs and preferences of patients,caregivers,and practitioners who are directly impacted by clinical-practice-guidance *** hypothesize that a priori involvement of end users in the guidance-development process will lead to sustainable implementation of guidance statements into clinical practice.