摘要：The nitrogen-coordinated metal single-atom catalysts(M−N−C SACs)with an ultra-high metal loading synthetized by direct high-temperature pyrolysis have been widely ***,most of metal single atoms in these catalysts were buried in the carbon matrix,resulting in a low metal utilization and inaccessibility for adsorption of reactants during the catalytic ***,we reported a facile synthesis based on the hard-soft acid-base(HSAB)theory to fabricate Co single-atom catalysts with highly exposed metal atoms ligated to the external pyridinic-N sites of a nitrogen-doped carbon *** from the highly accessible Co active sites,the prepared Co−N−C SAC exhibited a superior oxygen reduction reactivity comparable to that of the commercial Pt/C catalyst,showing a high turnover frequency(TOF)of 0.93 e^(−)·s^(-1)·site^(-1)at 0.85 V ***,far exceeding those of some representative SACs with a ultra-high metal *** work provides a rational strategy to design and prepare M−N−C single-atom catalysts featured with high site-accessibility and site-density.

摘要：Revealing the structure evolution of interfacial active species during a dynamic catalytic process is a challenging but pivotal issue for the rational design of high-performance ***,we successfully prepare sub-nanometric Pt clusters(~0.8 nm)encapsulated within the defects of CeO_(2)nanorods via an in-situ defect engineering *** as-prepared Pt@d-CeO_(2)catalyst significantly boosts the activity and stability in the water-gas shift(WGS)reaction compared to other *** on controlled experiments and complementary(in-situ)spectroscopic studies,a reversible encapsulation induced by active site transformation between the Pt^(2+)-terminal hydroxyl and Pt^(δ+)-O vacancy species at the interface is revealed,which enables to evoke the enhanced *** findings not only offer practical guidance for the design of high-efficiency catalysts but also bring a new understanding of the exceptional performance of WGS in a holistic view,which shows a great application potential in materials and catalysis.

摘要：Methylotrophic yeasts and bacteria, which can use methanol as carbon and energy source, have beenwildly used as microbial cell factories for biomanufacturing. Due to their robustness in industrial harshconditions, methylotrophic yeasts such as Pichia pastoris have been explored as a cell factory forproduction of proteins and high-value chemicals. Methanol utilization pathway （MUT） is highlyregulated for efficient methanol utilization, and the downstream pathways need extensively constructedand optimized toward target metabolite biosynthesis. Here, we present an overview of methanolmetabolism and regulation in methylotrophic yeasts, among which we focus on the regulation of keygenes involved in methanol metabolism. Besides, the recent progresses in construction and optimizationof downstream biosynthetic pathways for production of high value chemicals, such as polyketides, fattyacids and isoprenoids, are further summarized. Finally, we discuss the current challenges and feasiblestrategies toward constructing efficient methylotrophic cell factories may promote wide applications inthe future.

摘要：Compared to the traditional lumped-parameter model, computational fluid dynamics （CFD） attracted more attentions due to facilitating more accurate reactor design and optimization methods when analyzing the heat transfer in the industrial packed bed. Here, a model was developed based on the CFD theory, in which the heterogeneous fluid flow was resolved by considering the oscillatory behavior of voidage and the effective fluid viscosity. The energy transports in packed bed were calculated by the convection and diffusion incorporated with gaseous dispersion in fluid and the contacting thermal conductivity of packed particles in solids. The heat transfer coefficient between fluid and wall was evaluated by considering the turbulence due to the packed particles adjacent to the wall. Thus, the heat transfer in padded bed can be predicted without using any adjustable semi-empirical effective thermal conductivity coefficient. The experimental results from the literature were employed to validate this model.

摘要：Photochromic diarylethenes have been widely used in many fields. However, their cyclization process must be induced by UV light. In this article, a simple strategy is developed by extending π-conjugation with electron donating groups. The modified dirylethene derivative can photocyclolize under 405-nm light with a good photochromic efficiency. Meanwhile, its absorption and moderate fluorescence can be switched effectively in both directions by visible lights(405 and 520 nm, respectively) in different solutions and in living cells. We believe that this simple method will become a versatile strategy for developing various dirylethylenes with visible-light photochromism.

摘要：We have developed a compact photoelectron imaging facility, including an anion source with dissociative photoelectron attachment to molecules, a linear time-of-flight mass spec-trometry （TOFMS）, and an orthogonal high-resolution threshold photoelectron velocity map imaging spectrometer （VMI）. Intense and cold cluster anions were prepared in photoelectron- attachment processes upon pulsed UV laser ablation of metal target. Combining this anion source with TOFMS-VMI, the achieved mass resolution is about 200, and the electron ki- netic energy resolution is better than 3%, i.e., 30 meV for 1 eV electrons. More importantly, low-energy photoelectron imaging spectra for CH3S- and S2- at 611.46 nm are obtained. In both cases, the refined electron affinities are determined to be 1.86264-0.0020 eV for CH3S and 1.67444-0.0035 eV for S2, respectively. Preliminary results suggest that the apparatus is a powerful tool for estimating precise electron affinities values from threshold photoelectron imaging spectroscopy.

摘要：A low-carbon economy calls for CO capture *** separations represent an energy-efficient and environment-friendly process compared with distillations and solvent ***-organic frameworks(MOFs),as a novel type of porous materials,are being generated at a rapid and growing pace,which provide more opportunities for high-efficiency CO *** this review,we illustrate a conceptional framework from material design and membrane separation application for CO capture,and emphasize two importance themes,namely(i)design and modification of CO-philic MOF materials that targets secondary building units,pore structure,topology and hybridization and(ii)construction of crack-free membranes through chemical epitaxy growth of active building blocks,interfacial assembly,ultrathin two-dimensional nanosheet assembly and mixed-matrix integration strategies,which would give rise to the most promising membrane performances for CO capture,and be expected to overcome the bottleneck of permeability-selectivity limitations.

摘要：Fe3O4 is a promising high-capacity anode material for lithium ion batteries, but challenges including short cycle life and low rate capability hinder its widespread implementation. In this work, a well-defined tubular structure constructed by carbon-coated Fe3O4 has been successfully fabricated with hierarchically porous structure, high surface area, and suitable thickness of carbon layer. Such purposely designed hybrid nanostructures have an enhanced electronic/ionic conductivity, stable electrode/electrolyte interface, and physical buffering effect arising from the nanoscale combination of carbon with Fe3O4, as well as the hollow, aligned and hierarchically porous architectures. When used as an anode material for a lithium-ion half cell, the carbon-coated hierarchical Fe3O4 nanotubes showed excellent cycling performance with a specific capacity of 1,020 mAh.g^-1 at 200 mA.g^-1 after 150 cycles, a capacity retention of ca. 103%. Even at a higher current density of 1,000 mA·g^-1, a capacity of 840 mAh·g^-1 is retained after 300 cycles with no capacity loss. In particular, a superior rate capability can be obtained with a stable capacity of 355 mAh.g^-1 at 8,000 mA·g^-1. The encouraging results indicate that hierarchically tubular hybrid nanostructures can have important implications for the development of high-rate electrodes for future rechargeable lithium ion batteries （LIBs）.

摘要：In this paper,we present a 3D printed tumor spheroidal model suitable for drug *** model is based on a hydroxyethyl cellulose/alginate/gelatin(HCSG)composite biomaterial that has three distinct properties:(1)the HCSG is similar to the commercial basement membrane extract in Ki67,MUC1,and PARP1 expressions of MCF-7 cells for embedding culture;(2)the HCSG is printable at room temperature;and(3)the HCSG can be large-scale manufactured at an ultralow *** printed a 3D MCF-7 spheroid model with HCSG and characterized it in terms of cell viability,spheroid size,key protein expression,and mitochondrial metabolic *** used the 3D MCF-7 spheroid model to evaluate the anti-breast cancer activity of 13 amino acid-based flavone phosphoramidates and found that the alanine structure induced a stronger drug resistance,whereas phenylalanine hardly caused drug resistance in the MCF-7 *** is the first time that 3D bioprinting technology has been used in a structure–activity relationship study.

摘要：有膜的煤气的分离是有效的一个精力和低温实验法、吸附或吸收性的煤气的分离过程的环境地友好的选择。而且，膜单位能容易集成于另外的分离和反应过程。现在，几应用基于聚合的膜获得了商业成功，例如，从空气的 N 2 生产，从氨的 H 2 恢复清除气体，从天然气的公司 2 移动和从为提高的油恢复(EOR ) 的烃的公司 2 分离。依靠答案散开分离机制的传统的聚合的膜服从于在生产率(渗透) 和效率(选择) 之间的折衷，它作为 Robeson 的上面的界限被知道[1 ] 。因为他们基于尺寸和形状分开分子的能力，膜能基于分子的筛材料克服这限制[2， 3 &#xA0； and&#xA0； 4 ].2。在沸石 membranesA 的成就沸石是无机的分子的筛。不同于非结晶的碳的分子的筛，水晶的沸石包含分子的尺寸的一致地大小的毛孔，它为分子的筛膜使他们成为理想的候选人。最后二十年在沸石膜的合成见证连续进步。几策略和技术为沸石膜的合成被开发了，在原处包括结晶化[5 ] 并且第二等(播种) 生长[6 ] 。在膜性能的重要改进被沸石膜的微观结构优化完成了。例如， Tsapatsis 等。[2 ] 为用极端精确分开分子表明了沸石膜的令人惊讶的能力。硅质的 ZSM-5 膜显示出的 channel-orientation-optimized 为从它的异构体(o 二甲苯和 m 二甲苯) 的 p 二甲苯的分离的优异性能。因为p二甲苯仅仅是比另外的 *** 大的 0.06 nm ，这分离是很困难的出色的学术成就，沸石膜的商业应用程序仍然被限制到器官的除去基于吸水的 LTA 沸石膜处理的小媒介的规模，作为在由 Mitsui 的日本的试销安装在它在 1999 的开始以后设计并且造船公司有限公司[ 7 ]。完整的规模商品化被不够的性能，高费用和困难在按比例增加合成妨碍。在最近的年里，在化学物理(DICP ) 的 dalian 研究所的研究人员把强烈研究努力奉献给沸石膜的微波合成[5， 6， 8， 9 &#xA0； and&#xA0； 10 ] 。在许多情况中，微波合成显著地减少了合成时间。另外，微波合成能实质地也作为与那些相比消除 non-zeolitic 毛孔的形成由常规加热综合了[11 ] 。而且，快、容量的微波加热提供一个有希望的答案给在大规模膜生产遇到的许多问题，例如在合成压热器的热坡度和密度坡度。在 2012， dalian HST 公司有限公司，一个启动公司基于 DICP 的技术，为与 50,000 吨 / 年的能力除去的 isopropanol 安装了一个 LTA 沸石膜单位。分离单位与迄今为止是在世界(图 1 ) 上的最大的沸石膜设备的 350 m 2, 的一个全部的浸透区域由 35 个模块组成 .Fig。1 .&#xA0；为除去的 isopropanol 的 LTA 沸石膜单位(50000 吨 / 年) 。膜单位(在绿框架) 代替除去的列(在红框架) ，在精力完成显著减小消费。