摘要：The paper analyzes different turbine design suitable for the urban environment. The author discusses various options for setting up wind turbines in relation to the building. In order to gain insight into the real indicators, considered are actual examples of wind turbines mounted on buildings, sports facilities, roads, etc. However, these turbines have relatively low efficiency and a long payback period, and the problem may be the noise they produce. Therefore, the wind turbines installed in buildings are still more a matter of prestige of individual investors and architects than profitable investment.

摘要：新一代合金——高熵合金的出现,揭示了熵效应在合金设计中的重要意义.受这一概念的启发,轻质铝基熵合金这一概念被提出.随着对低密度结构材料的需求不断增加,这些新型合金在各种应用中具有巨大的潜力.本文综述了轻质铝基熵合金的发展背景、设计原理、制造方法、微观结构和力学性能、高温应用,及其发展前景.通过对当前研究的全面调查,本文重点研究分析了122种密度低于4.0 g cm-3的铝基熵合金.轻质铝基熵合金可以弥补传统铝和钛合金在机械性能和密度方面的差距.轻质铝基熵合金优异的热稳定性使其有望成为在高温下使用的结构材料.此外,本文还讨论了轻质铝基熵合金领域的未来发展趋势.机器学习作为有效计算工具,可以极大地提高合金的开发效率.

摘要：Shape memory materials possess programmable complex and large deformations towards external stimuli,which are particularly essential for their potential *** the transformation of planar two-dimensional(2D)structures into complex 3D structures,the design of asymmetric or bilayer thin sheets is usually *** this paper,we propose a facile strategy to achieve these complex 3D structures that can be transformed to various pre-determined shapes sequentially by laser-triggered site-specific *** response of shape memory polycaprolactone(PCL)to laser is realized by physically dopingW18O49 nanowires into the cross-linked PCL diacrylate *** irradiated by 98 mW cm^(−2)laser,the pre-stretched PCL/W_(18)O_(49)film shows an out-of-plane bending deformation due to the temperature gradient and single-domain orientation on the thickness between the upper layer and lower *** bending rates and amplitudes of the film can be tailored by adjusting the parameters of irradiation time,the film thickness as well as the pre-stretch ***,the pre-stretched film can automatically bend in more intricate complex deformations by integration with kirigami cuts in ***,we demonstrate that by activating the dynamic transesterification reaction within the same film,it can also achieve the 2D-to-3D *** these decent features,this kind of novel PCL//W_(18)O_(49)film shows great potential in the field of biomedical devices or soft robotics.

摘要：Polysaccharide production from tea flower(TFPS) was carried out using supercritical fluid extraction(SFE).Response surface methodology(RSM),based on a five level,four variable small central composite design,was employed to obtain the best possible combination of extraction time,pressure,temperature and ethanol content of modifier for maximum *** optimum conditions were as follows:extraction time of 170 min,pressure of45 MPa,temperature of 75 ℃,and 50% aqueous ethanol solution as *** these conditions,the experimental yield was 6.56 ± 0.37%,which was similar to the value predicted by the *** composition of TFPS was fucose,rhamnose,arabinose,xylose,galactose,glucose,mannose,fructose,ribose,galacturonic acid and glucuronic acid in a molar percent of 31.69,0.21,0.49,1.29,35.82,0.97,1.63,18.34,7.88,1.06 and *** to other extraction methods,SFE could achieve higher yield and gain more types of monosaccharide.

摘要：Based on couple wave equation and finite-difference time-domain (FDTD) algorithm,the strong couple characteristic of 2-D photonic crystal couplers is *** analysis and numerical simulated results indicate that the energy in a 2-D photonic crystal coupler can not be totally transferred between two *** with the result of weak coupling theory,our result is more accurate.

摘要：Highly active and low-cost catalysts for electrochemical reactions such as the hydrogen evolution reaction （HER） are crucial for the development of efficient energy conversion and storage technologies. Theoretical simulations have been instrumental in revealing the correlations between the electronic structure of materials and their catalytic activity, and guide the prediction and development of improved catalysts. However, difficulties in accurately engineering the desired atomic sites lead to challenges in making direct comparisons between experi- mental and theoretical results. In MoS2, the Mo-edge has been demonstrated to be active for HER whereas the S-edge is inert. Using a computational descriptor- based approach, we predict that by incorporating transition metal atoms （Fe, Co, Ni, or Cu） the S-edge site should also become HER active. Vertically standing, edge-terminated MoS2 nanofilms provide a well-defined model system for verifying these predictions. The transition metal doped MoS2 nanofilms show an increase in exchange current densities by at least two-fold, in agreement with the theoretical calculations. This work opens up further opportunities for improving electrochemical catalysts by incorporating promoters into particular atomic sites, and for using well-defined systems in order to understand the origin of the promotion effects.

摘要：Patterning ultrathin MoS2 layers with regular edges or controllable shapes is appealing since the properties of MoS2 sheets are sensitive to the edge structures. In this work, we have introduced a simple, effective and well-controlled technique to etch layered MoS2 sheets with well-oriented equilateral triangular pits by simply heating the samples in air. The anisotropic oxidative etching is greatly affected by the surrounding temperature and the number of MoS2 layers, whereby the pit sizes increase with the increase of surrounding temperature and the number of MoS2 layers. First-principles computations have been performed to explain the formation mechanism of the triangular pits. This technique offers an alternative avenue to engineering the structure of MoS2 sheets.

摘要：DNA modified nanoparticles(Au NPs) are an established and widely used type of nucleotide sensor. We sought to improve the design by applying short rigid DNA duplexes near the surface of the Au NPs forming a so called double-anchored Au NP sensor, and compared it with other conventional DNA modified Au NPs. The improved design exhibited higher assembly efficiency, and consequently increased its sensitivity to target DNA.

摘要：Nanozymes,the functional nanomaterials with enzyme-like activities,have been widely explored for both in vitro and in vivo applications(Wei and Wang,2013;Wu et al.,2019;Huang et al.,2019;Liang and Yan,2019).Particularly,by modulating the levels of reactive oxygen species(ROS)in vivo,numerous therapeutic nanozymes have been developed to treat diseases,ranging from cancer to neurodegenerative diseases(Fan et al.,2018;Kwon et al.,2018).

摘要：One of the most important issues regarding the design of engineered landfill is landfill leachate that is produced when water passes through the waste. Landfill Leachate comprises a mass of different organic and inorganic components which can be dissolved or suspended. Regardless of the nature of the components, it poses a potential pollution on local land and surface waters. The present work was undertaken to assess, isolate, identify and characterize the hydrocarbon degrading bacteria associated with environmental samples collected from discharge of Ain Temouchent, Algeria. The samples （landfill leachate） were chemically and microbiologically analyzed using standard techniques. These organisms were further studied to determine the level of biodegrading activities on hydrocarbons as the single carbon source using enrichment medium under different physical and chemical parameters （pH, temperature, NaCI and tolerance of crude oil...）, The identification of seven strains isolated named as Pseudomonas aeruginosa, Pseudomonas fluorescens, Pseudornonas sp., Staphylococcus aureus, Staphylococcus xylosus, Staphylococcus hominis and Staphylococcus warnerii. These strains growth on a neutral medium and temperature between 30 ℃ and 37 ℃, 5 at 6% of NaCI concentration, and can use a concentration of 5 at 10% of crude oil as sole source of carbon.