摘要：目的:研究苯并咪唑类化合物结构与性质之间的关系,探讨具有抗菌性质新型苯并咪唑类配合物材料的合成方法。方法:溶剂热条件下,硝酸钴、硝酸镍与4,4'-二(苯并咪唑-1-甲基)联苯(bbmb)和间苯二甲酸(IPA)的自组装生成2个新型配合物{[Co(bbmb)(IPA)]·(H_2O)_3}_n(1)和{[Ni(bbmb)(IPA)(H_2O)]·H_2O}_n(2),并对配合物进行X-射线单晶衍射、热重分析、X-射线粉末衍射及固体紫外等表征。结果:配合物1属于单斜晶系,具有含S形链的二维层状结构,配合物2属于三斜晶系,具有含之字形链和直链的二维层状结构,且2种配合物都具有很强的固体紫外吸收。结论:由具有抗菌性的苯并咪唑衍生物与不同金属离子通过自组装合成了具有不同结构的2种新型配合物,为新型抗菌性配合物的设计合成提供了参考。

摘要：智能仿生软材料是近年来科学研究的重点之一.液晶高分子材料是众多软材料中最有发展潜力的材料之一.目前通过液晶高分子材料制备具有复杂功能和多种响应的仿生器件主要通过两种方法,其一是引入多种响应性基团,赋予材料多重响应.另一个是构建单一刺激下具有变形变色协同功能的材料.然而,结合这两种策略,构建既具有多重刺激响应,又能协同变形变色的新型液晶高分子仍然是一个挑战.为此,本工作通过结合光响应性液晶网络和亲水的聚(2-羧乙基丙烯酸酯共丙烯酸)层(PC),制备了一种光和湿度双重响应的软驱动器.在紫外光的驱动下,偶氮苯的分子异构驱动复合薄膜的各向异性形变.环境湿度的变化能使亲水的PC层发生溶胀和脱水,使薄膜发生另一模式的形变.由于薄膜内部荧光分子与水分子的协同作用,PC膜的荧光强度增强.由于整合了双重响应性和协同行为,这种新型的双响应驱动器在制造智能软体机器人方面具有较大的潜力.通过合理的设计,我们制备了一个光驱动的智能软体机器人.该机器人表现出检测水、改变运动模式和荧光强度的能力,在构筑具有识别、响应和自我调整能力的多功能软体机器人方面具有实际应用潜力.

摘要：介绍了一个国外大学化学专业本科生有机化学实验'相转移催化剂的应用',介绍了实验设计与流程,分析了实验结果,并讨论其相关的问题。该实验涉及到整套的现代有机合成流程,如薄层层析色谱(TLC)技术与硅胶柱色谱分离技术,并通过半微量反应的设计,减少对环境有害物质的使用,体现了'绿色化学'的设计理念,值得国内本科生有机化学实验借鉴与学习。

摘要：人类众多遗传性疾病是由于基因组突变所导致,而基于基因编辑技术的基因治疗策略,可从DNA层面对致病突变进行彻底修复,为疾病的治愈提供了新的可能.随着基因编辑技术的不断发展与突破,2019年新型DNA编辑工具先导编辑(PE)成功问世.PE技术并不会引起DNA双链断裂(DSBs),也无需单独引入DNA模板,即可实现基因编辑,可广泛应用于包括点突变及小片段的插入、删除等不同场景.与传统基因编辑工具相比,PE因其高编辑效率及低脱靶率,具备更高的有效性与安全性.本篇综述:(1)详细介绍了先导编辑的工作原理及发展历史.(2)概述了先导编辑系统的改良策略,包括相关酶的改造、工具RNA的结构改进以及递送方式的创新(3)梳理了辅助PE系统设计和分析的网页工具,简化了PE系统的搭建及使用流程.(4)系统总结了PE在疾病模型中的应用案例,并展望了未来的临床应用前景.

摘要：Three-dimensional(3D)printing has attracted increasing research interest as an emerging manufacturing technology for devel-oping sophisticated and exquisite architecture through hierarchical *** has also been employed in various advanced industrial *** development of intelligent biomedical engineering has raised the requirements for 3D printing,such as flexible manufacturing processes and technologies,biocompatible constituents,and alternative ***,state-of-the-art 3D printing mainly involves inorganics or polymers and generally focuses on traditional industrial fields,thus severely limiting applications demanding biocompatibility and *** this regard,peptide architectonics,which are self-assembled by programmed amino acid sequences that can be flexibly functionalized,have shown promising potential as bioinspired inks for 3D ***,the combination of 3D printing and peptide self-assembly poten-tially opens up an alternative avenue of 3D bioprinting for diverse advanced ***,a small but innovative nation,has significantly contributed to 3D bioprinting in terms of scientific studies,marketization,and peptide architectonics,including modulations and applications,and ranks as a leading area in the 3D bioprinting *** review summarizes the recent progress in 3D bioprinting in Israel,focusing on scientific studies on printable components,soft devices,and tissue *** paper further delves into the manufacture of industrial products,such as artificial meats and bioinspired supramolecular architectures,and the mechanisms,physicochemical properties,and applications of peptide ***,Israel contributes significantly to the field of 3D bioprinting and should thus be appropriately recognized.

摘要：Atrial fibrillation is an “invisible killer” of human health. It often induces high-risk diseases, such as myocardial infarction, stroke, and heart failure. Fortunately, atrial fibrillation can be diagnosed and treated early. Low-level vagus nerve stimulation(LL-VNS) is a promising therapeutic method for atrial fibrillation. However, some fundamental challenges still need to be overcome in terms of flexibility,miniaturization, and long-term service of bioelectric stimulation devices. Here, we designed a closedloop self-powered LL-VNS system that can monitor the patient’s pulse wave status in real time and conduct stimulation impulses automatically during the development of atrial fibrillation. The implant is a hybrid nanogenerator(H-NG), which is flexible, light weight, and simple, even without electronic circuits,components, and batteries. The maximum output of the H-NG was 14.8 V and 17.8 μA(peak to peak). In the in vivo effect verification study, the atrial fibrillation duration significantly decreased by 90% after LLVNS therapy, and myocardial fibrosis and atrial connexin levels were effectively improved. Notably, the anti-inflammatory effect triggered by mediating the NF-κB and AP-1 pathways in our therapeutic system is observed. Overall, this implantable bioelectronic device is expected to be used for self-powerability,intelligentization, portability for management, and therapy of chronic diseases.

摘要：磷作为一切生物体的必需元素,参与了包括生命体能量代谢、结构调控、遗传信息传递等在内的必要过程,其重要性不言而喻。然而,在国内基础学科教学过程中,基于酶促反应的调控机制和反应机理被拆分到众多生化专业相关的课程中,并未能得到系统性的剖析与讲解。本文从基础磷酸酯和磷酸酐的化学结构及反应特性入手,分别讨论了生物体中磷酸酯相关的调控酶类,并对最重要的一类磷酸酐——三磷酸腺苷在生物体内的转化关系做了系统性的讲解及分析。作为对磷元素相关的生命化学过程的梳理归纳,希望对化学及生命科学的教学与科研实验设计有所助益。

摘要：Long-segment defects remain a major problem in clinical treatment of tubular tissue *** design of tubular scaffold with desired structure and functional properties suitable for tubular tissue regeneration remains a great challenge in regenerative ***,we present a reliable method to rapidly fabricate tissueengineered tubular scaffold with hierarchical structure via 4-axis printing *** fabrication process can be adapted to various biomaterials including hydrogels,thermoplastic materials and thermosetting *** polycaprolactone(PCL)as an example,we successfully fabricated the scaffolds with tunable tubular architecture,controllable mesh structure,radial elasticity,good flexibility,and luminal *** a preliminary demonstration of the applications of this technology,we prepared a hybrid tubular scaffold via the combination of the 4-axis printed elastic poly(glycerol sebacate)(PGS)bio-spring and electrospun gelatin *** scaffolds seeded with chondrocytes formed tubular mature cartilage-like tissue both via in vitro culture and subcutaneous implantation in the nude mouse,which showed great potential for tracheal cartilage reconstruction.

摘要：地点﹕泰国南方的三家研究所,11家医院及38家社区医院。目的:评估泰国南方结核病医疗机构使用的抗结核药物质量及其管理系统。设计﹕利用访视、查阅文件、观察药物储存、检查药物并行异烟肼(IINH)、利福平(RMP)、吡嗪酰胺(PZA)及乙胺丁醇(EMB)样品的实验室分析。结果﹕任何级别单位均未发现有抗结核药物的脱销。13家医院/研究所(25%)撤去了EMB糖衣片的箔包装。11家医院/研究所(21%)将EMB糖衣片一分为二,作为200mg片分发。观察发现,在44%医院/研究所肉眼发现有变质受损的EMB。除了14%的EMB外,全部药物样品均通过了含量测定。INH与EMB均通过了溶解试验评价,但有62%的RMP及26%的PZA样本未通过。结论﹕在结核病控制方面,不达标的变质受损抗结核药物是一个严重问题。研究地区的抗结核药物管理也存在问题。关于抗结核药物包装、储存的培训及建立分发、清单管理,质量保证和督查的完整体系是主要的控制措施。