摘要：Metal-N_(4)(M-N_(4))macrocyclic complexes are interesting electrocatalysts due to their well-defined structures and rich molecular *** them,metal phthalocyanines have been widely studied for the carbon dioxide reduction reaction(CO_(2)RR)in heterogeneous systems and demonstrated good electrocatalytic ***,other complexes like metal corroles and metal porphyrins are much less explored,and often show inferior *** this study,three cobalt macrocyclic complexes,cobalt phthalocyanine,cobalt meso-tetraphenylporphyrin,and cobalt meso-triphenylcorrole(CoPc,CoTPP and CoTPC)are investigated in heterogeneous electrocatalysis of CO_(2)*** CoPc/carbon nanotube(CNT)hybrid exhibits high electrocatalytic activity,CNT hybridization does not work for CoTPC and CoTPP that hold weak interactions with *** the drop-dry method with a high molecular loading of 5.4×10^(–7) mol cm^(–2),CoTPC and CoTPP could deliver appreciable electrode ***(4-vinylpyridine)(PVP)introduction is further demonstrated as a facile method to afford enhanced activities for CoTPP at low molecular loadings through enhancing molecule-substrate *** partial current density of carbon monoxide for CoTPP+CNT/PVP is around 8 times higher than the sample without PVP at–0.67 V versus reversible hydrogen *** work provides solutions to enhance the electrode activities of molecular electrocatalysts with weak substrate interactions in heterogeneous systems.

摘要：Both bismuth and copper are non-toxic and earth-abundant elements suitable for lead-free halide perovskite-like photovoltaic devices. Here, we report a highly facile route for in-situ producing copper-bismuth-iodide(CuBiI4) thin films directly on ITO substrate at room temperature, by utilizing a Bi-Cu alloy layer as precursor. X-ray diffraction and transmission electron microscopy(TEM) results verified the formation of well crystallized CuBiI4 thin films with [222] orientation. The transient photovoltage(TPV) analysis revealed that the CuBiI4 is an n-type semiconductor with a suitable band gap of ~1.81 eV, preferable to photoelectric conversion compared with CH3NH3PbI3. It is very interesting that the subsequent spin-coating process of the classical Spiro-MeOTAD organic solution with TBP and acetonitrile resulted in a dense and smooth CuBiI4:SpiroMeOTAD bulk-heterojunction film. The preliminarily fabricated simple sandwich structures of ITO/CuBiI4:Spiro-MeOTAD/Au hybrid solar cell devices displayed efficient photovoltaic performance with the PCE up to 1.119% of the best sample. The room temperature direct metal surface elemental reaction(DMSER) method may provide a new insight for all-inorganic lead free perovskite-like AaBbXx compounds and high performance photovoltaic devices.

摘要：The hydrogen leakage detection and alarm processing system is established for the fuel cell （FC） power train lab to meet the hydrogen safety demand of the FC performance test and examination for the project named ＂Research and Development of the Vehicular Technology for the Fuel Cell City Bus＂ by Tsinghua University. The established hydrogen safety system includes the hydrogen supply system, hydrogen leakage detection system, alarm processing system, ventilation system, measures against electrostatic, thunder-arresting and explosion-protection, and the strict hydrogen operation rules. In this safety system, the explosion proof catalytic combustion sensors are used to detect the hydrogen leakage and the electrical control system is designed to process the alarm automatically. The hydrogen safety system plays an important role in the performance, examination of the FC and the assuring the personnel＇ s safety of the fuel cell power train lab.

摘要：Honeycomb structures and other sandwich materials are being used as designs which have demanded high-stiffness and lightweight structures. The embedding design can further decrease the total weight of the products. Embedding will inevitably generate defect of the honeycomb and cause stress concentration. This study mainly discusses the tensile stress distribution near the defect in a quantitative way with the finite element and analytical method. The prediction function of the stress distribution is proposed. X and y directional stress distribution properties are found. These results are proved to be validate through a representative defect case. The bending stress distribution is investigated through material mechanics method and the prediction equation of the maximum bending stress is given.

摘要：Buoy is the structure which is floated on sea surface in order to indicate the presenting obstacle such as reef and shallow sea and to show the direction of sea route to ship during sailing. Generally, the conventional material of buoy is steel and it has some problems. Firstly this steel light buoy has safety risk in case of collision between ship and steel buoy. Secondly steel buoy revealed high corrosion environment of salted water and oxide and corrosion of steel can lead to marine pollution. Thirdly it needs too much maintain cost because of its heavy weight. In this study, in order to overcome these problems we changed the buoy material from conventional steel body to polyethylene body. Polymer buoy body was designed with module type part and it can reduce total weight up to 43.12%. To evaluate the strength of that part, the structure analysis simulation was carried out with respect to stress, displacement, and strain. Maximum stress was 1.667 × 107 N/m2 and it was 25% of yielding stress of base material. Maximum displacement and strain were 3.164 mm and 0.00433353 and they are too small value and in safe range with comparing to total length of body. The stability of polymer buoy body was compared with conventional buoy with respect to center of gravity, center of buoyancy, metacenter, oscillation period, and tilt angle by wind, tidal current, and wave. Every value was improved comparing conventional one and we can get more stable buoy. Therefore the new polymer buoy body could prove its safety and stability.

摘要：In this paper, a smart home system based on ZigBee technology is designed. The system includes home network, home server and mobile terminal. The program is highly scalable and cost-effective. This paper developed the home server-side application based on MFC technology and the mobile terminal application. The mobile client can remotely control home devices and query the running state, electric energy information and historical data of home devices. At the same time, the home server-side application can store electric energy information and electricity consumption of home devices. Combined with household distributed photovoltaic generation system, the system can be applied to home energy management system. Through running tests and application, the results show that the system has realized basic functions of smart home and achieved the desired design goals.

摘要：碳排放交易的市场效率及减排效果受各类角色及大量参与者决策的影响,参与者特别是市场设计者及监管者必须掌握其行为及机理。实验经济学通过真实实验人参与的实验,反映参与者的有限理性。但其实验规模受限于合格实验者的数量,而多场景实验之间的可比性还受限于实验者的专注度。为此采用了一种混合交互仿真法,先通过实验提炼出真实实验人群在碳排放交易中的不确定行为的关键变量及规律,据此建立具有相同分布特性的多代理随机模型。此后就只需动用少量真实实验人来反映特殊的决策者,并与上述模型生成的大量多代理交互仿真。在保持实验经济学特点的同时,克服了其对实验规模的限制,并保证了重复实验的统计一致性。

摘要：本文特别针对24V电池输入条件下的低电压,大电流特性,设计了一种新颖的PWM软开关DC-DC前向式功率变换器模型。在局部运行区域,利用了ZCS PWM DC-DC前向式功率变换器的附加控制模式来实现软开关。这种新型功率变换器在低负载条件下可支持PWM-PDM双模控制一疗式,研究结果征实,在ZCS 和有功电压钳位开关条件下,基于PWM-PDM双模控制的软开关前向式功率变换器可在较大的负载范围内改善运行效率。