摘要：In the past few decades,robotics research has witnessed an increasingly high interest in miniaturized,intelligent,and integrated *** imperative component of a robot is the actuator that determines its *** traditional rigid drives such as motors and gas engines have shown great prevalence in most macroscale circumstances,the reduction of these drives to the millimeter or even lower scale results in a significant increase in manufacturing difficulty accompanied by a remarkable performance *** robots driven by living cells can be a potential solution to overcome these drawbacks by benefiting from the intrinsic microscale self-assembly of living tissues and high energy efficiency,which,among other unprecedented properties,also feature flexibility,self-repair,and even multiple degrees of *** paper systematically reviews the development of biohybrid ***,the development of biological flexible drivers is introduced while emphasizing on their advantages over traditional ***,up-to-date works regarding biohybrid robots are reviewed in detail from three aspects:biological driving sources,actuator materials,and structures with associated control ***,the potential future applications and major challenges of biohybrid robots are explored.