摘要：在拓扑的材料调整乐队差距和乐队倒置的能力为新奇功能的设备的发展是高度合乎需要的。这里，我们建议拓扑的水晶的绝缘体( TCI )的自立的 nanomembranes 的电子性质 SnTe 和 Pb 1x Sn x (Se,Te)由设计有弹性的紧张和膜厚度是高度悦耳的，导致悦耳的乐队差距和巨大的 piezoconductivity 。膜厚度在相反的表面上管理拓扑的电子状态的杂交，当有弹性的紧张能进一步由控制表面状态的穿入长度调制杂交力量时。我们建议用力量集中的一个解决频率的红外线的光电探测器与空间地改变宽度在 TCI nanomembranes 导致了不同类的有弹性的紧张。由强壮的纺纱粗糙的电子状态伴随的预言的悦耳的乐队差距将为制作 piezoresistive 设备打开新大街，红外线的察觉者并且精力有效电子并且 spintronic 设备基于 TCI nanomembrane。

摘要：3D printing is such a magical technology that it extends into almost every sector relating to manufacturing, not to mention casting production. In this paper, the past, present and future of 3D printing in the foundry sector are profoundly reviewed. 3D printing has the potential to supplement or partially replace the casting method. Today, some castings can be directly printed by metal powders, for example, titanium alloys, nickel alloys and steel parts. Meanwhile, 3D printing has found an unique position in other casting aspects as well, such as printing the wax pattern, ceramic shell, sand core, sand mould, etc. Most importantly, 3D printing is not just a manufacturing method, it will also revolutionize the design of products, assemblies and parts, such as castings, patterns, cores, moulds and shells in casting production. The solid structure of castings and moulds will be redesigned in future into truss or spatially open and skeleton structures. This kind of revolution is just sprouting, but it will bring unimaginable impact on manufacturing including casting production. Nobody doubts the potential of 3D printing technologies in manufacturing, but they do have limitations and drawbacks.

摘要：降低固体氧化物燃料电池(SOFCs)的工作温度正在推动新型氧离子导体材料的开发.在此,受氧离子导体材料结构共性的启发,基于Sr(Si/Ge)O_(3)材料中刚性(Si/Ge)_(3)O_(9)基团无法容纳氧空位,以及BO_(n)多面体在配位数、旋转、变形和连接上的巨大灵活性,我们首次通过计算预测和实验验证,报道了基于硼酸盐的新型氧离子导体材料(Gd/Y)_(1−x)-Zn_(x)BO_(3−0.5x).(Gd/Y)BO_(3)中的氧空位可以通过孤立的B_(3)O_(9)三元环形成B_(3)O_(8)结构单元来容纳,并通过B_(3)O_(9)和B_(3)O_(8)单元之间的氧交换合作机制来传输,而这些结构单元作为过渡态的打开和伸展则有助于氧的传输.这项研究为设计和开发新型氧离子导体开辟了新方向,有望从硼酸盐家族发现更多新的氧离子导体.

摘要：目前生物材料的研发主要基于成分、拓扑结构和功能仿生以适应组织再生微环境.近几十年来研发的生物活性材料对于拯救人类生命和缓解患者痛苦起到了积极作用.然而,生物材料的发展面临缺乏新理论指导的挑战.研究表明电信号可以连接体内和体外环境以调节生命活动,且细胞内外微环境均由可产生电信号以调节生命活动的生物电活性材料组成.研究人员可以依据人体组织独特的电学微环境进行生物电活性材料的理性设计以促进人体组织再生和修复.生物电活性材料提供了一种生物材料未来发展的潜在方向.

摘要：合成维度的概念可广泛用于在低维平台上研究高维物理.比如四维拓扑可被利用于操控三维真实空间中波的传播.本文通过实验验证了调制连续耦合声波导的设计可实现三维结构中的声拓扑态泵浦,所设计的系统具有受四维系统拓扑保护的边态和角态.通过控制合成空间中的相位和相应声源模式的激励,可以在特定空间方向上实现拓扑边界态与角态的泵浦.此外,本文还研究了角到角泵浦对无序的鲁棒性,实验结果表明该系统具有强鲁棒性.所得研究结果提供了通过连续耦合波导实现拓扑声泵浦的一般策略,并为探索连续系统中的高维拓扑相位提供了新的思路.

摘要：Existing technologies used to detect monosodium urate(MSU)crystals for gout diagnosis are not ideal due to their low sensitivity and complexity of *** purpose of this study was to explore whether aggregation-induced emission luminogens(AIEgens)can be used for highly specific imaging of MSU crystals to assist in the diagnosis of ***,we developed a series of luminogens(i.e.,tetraphenyl ethylene(TPE)-NH_(2),TPE-2NH_(2),TPE-4NH_(2),TPE-COOH,TPE-2COOH,TPE-4COOH,and TPE-Ketoalkyne),each of which was then evenly mixed with MSU ***,optimal fluorescence imaging of each of the luminogens was characterized by a confocal laser scanning microscope(CLSM).This approach was used for imaging standard samples of MSU,hydroxyapatite(HAP)crystals,and mixed samples with 1:1 mass ratio of MSU/*** also imaged samples from mouse models of acute gouty arthritis,HAP deposition disease,and comorbidities of ***,CLSM imaging results were compared with those of compensated polarized light microscopy,and we assessed the biosafety of TPE-Ketoalkyne in the RAW264.7 cell ***,CLSM time series and three-dimensional imaging were performed on MSU crystal samples from human gouty synovial fluid and *** a promising candidate for MSU crystal labeling,TPE-Ketoalkyne was found to detect MSU crystals accurately and rapidly in standard samples,animal samples,and human samples,and could precisely distinguish gout from HAP deposition *** work demonstrates that TPE-Ketoalkyne is suitable for highly specific and timely imaging of MSU crystals in gouty arthritis and may facilitate future research on MSU crystal-related diseases.

摘要：新兴的量子点(QD)发光场效应晶体管(QLEFET)能够以较低成本产生高颜色纯度的发光,并且其光电特性易于调节.研究人员在设计器件结构和理解深层物理机制等方面已作了大量尝试,但由于界面处的电荷/激子损耗和QD层与相邻载流子传输层之间存在着较大的能量势垒,目前QLEFET的整体性能仍然偏低.鉴于此,本文采用一个介电层-QD-介电层的(DQD)的三明治夹层结构设计买现了外量子效率(EQE)超过20%的QLEFET.该DQD结构可以通过调节能带排列进一步调控器件中载流子行为,从而使激子复合区移动进入QD发光层.此外,通过抑制表面陷阱和界面电荷转移诱导的荧光碎灭引起的激子损耗,有效提高了激子的辐射复合.本研究提出的DQD夹层结构设计是一种改善QLEFET电致发光胜能的全新概念,也可以将其应用到其他材料体系中,促进QD在新型光电器件中的开发应用.

摘要：Some effective parameters on the copper extraction from Küre chalcopyrite concentrate were optimized by using response surface methodology(RSM).Experiments designed by RSM were carried out in the presence of ammonium persulfate(APS) and different types of impeller in an autoclave *** persulfate concentration and leaching temperature were defined numerically and three types of impellers were defined categorically as independent variables using experimental design *** optimum condition for copper extraction from the chalcopyrite concentrate is found to be ammonium persulfate concentration of 277.77 kg/m3,leaching temperature of 389.98 K and wheel type of *** proposed model equation using RSM has shown good agreement with the experimental data,with correlation coefficients R2 and R2adj for the model as 0.89 and 0.84,respectively.

摘要：纳米多孔金属作为电催化剂使用时表现出了优异的性能.我们报道了一种利用共熔镓铟合金和铜基底制备而成的自支撑铜铟双金属多孔异质结构材料.该多孔铜铟异质结构电催化剂具有良好的二氧化碳转化为合成气的性能.通过调整工作电压,可以使氢气和一氧化碳的比例控制在0.47–2.0之间.且该催化剂非常稳定,经过70小时连续测试后还可以保持96%的电流密度.密度泛函理论计算表明,得益于这种铜铟异质结构的存在,铜表面电荷发生了转变,形成了Cu^(δ)和Cu0等不同位点,从而协同作用分别增强了催化剂生成一氧化碳和氢气的能力.本工作可为多孔金属异质结构电催化剂的设计提供新思路.

摘要：硫化锑铜(CuSbS_(2))是一种p型半导体,带隙为1.5 eV,同时拥有较大的光吸收系数(>105cm-1),因此在光电催化领域拥有广阔的应用前景.但是目前国内外的研究还缺乏对CuSbS_(2)电子结构以及其如何影响PEC性能的深入理解.为了进一步改善CuSbS_(2)的PEC性能,对其电子结构进行一系列表征分析是非常重要的.本文中,我们利用同步辐射技术揭示了CuSbS_(2)的电子结构.结果表明,CuSbS_(2)的价带(VB)由S 3p和Cu 3d的强杂交态组成,同时Sb 5p/5s也有部分影响.基于以上理论指导,我们设计了一种高质量Cu Sb S_(2)薄膜的制备技术,并使用FTO/CuSbS_(2)/CdS/Pt光电阴极在0.0 V下实现了CuSbS_(2)基材料的高光电流密度(6.3 mA cm^(-2)).