摘要：INTRODUCTIONTurbomaChinery,especiallycompressorcascade,******...

摘要：Hypoxia is a typical feature of the tumor microenvironment,one of the most critical factors affecting cell behavior and tumor ***,the lack of tumor models able to precisely emulate natural brain tumor tissue has impeded the study of the effects of hypoxia on the progression and growth of tumor *** study reports a three-dimensional(3D)brain tumor model obtained by encapsulating U87MG(U87)cells in a hydrogel containing type I *** also documents the effect of various oxygen concentrations(1%,7%,and 21%)in the culture environment on U87 cell morphology,proliferation,viability,cell cycle,apoptosis rate,and ***,it compares two-dimensional(2D)and 3D *** comparison purposes,cells cultured in flat culture dishes were used as the control(2D model).Cells cultured in the 3D model proliferated more slowly but had a higher apoptosis rate and proportion of cells in the resting phase(G0 phase)/gap I phase(G1 phase)than those cultured in the 2D ***,the two models yielded significantly different cell ***,hypoxia(e.g.,1%O2)affected cell morphology,slowed cell growth,reduced cell viability,and increased the apoptosis rate in the 3D *** results indicate that the constructed 3D model is effective for investigating the effects of biological and chemical factors on cell morphology and function,and can be more representative of the tumor microenvironment than 2D culture *** developed 3D glioblastoma tumor model is equally applicable to other studies in pharmacology and pathology.

摘要：在薄壁管中引入预折叠图案已被证明可以有效增强其能量吸收能力.然而,仅仅靠预折叠图案设计所提高的能量吸收能力已经达到天花板,难以进一步提高。本研究为解决这一问题,提供了一种全新的技术路线.我们首先设计了一种结构均匀的预折叠薄壁管作为参考结构.然后,我们对参考结构的壁厚进行非均匀化设计。在保持薄壁管总质量不变的情况下,加厚了塑性变形相对较大的局部区域的壁厚,同时变薄了塑性变形相对较小的局部区域的壁厚。这种非均匀设计方式使薄壁管的整体变形更加协调,不仅显著提高了结构的比吸能(SEA),而且降低了峰值力(PCF),实现了SEA和PCF的更优组合.

摘要：For the purpose of improving efficiency and realizing start–stop function, an electric oil pump(EOP) is integrated into an 8-speed automatic transmission(AT). A mathematical model is built to calculate the transmission power loss and the hydraulic system leakage. Based on this model, a flow-based control strategy is developed for EOP to satisfy the system flow requirement. This control strategy is verified through the forward driving simulation. The results indicate that there is a best combination for the size of mechanical oil pump(MOP) and EOP in terms of minimum energy consumption. In order to get a quick and smooth starting process, control strategies of the EOP and the on-coming clutch are proposed. The test environment on a prototype vehicle is built to verify the feasibility of the integrated EOP and its control strategies. The results show that the selected EOP can satisfy the flow requirement and a quick and smooth starting performance is achieved in the start–stop function. This research has a high value for the forward design of EOP in automatic transmissions with respect to efficiency improvement and start–stop function.

摘要：了解搅拌摩擦焊中搅拌头几何形状对材料流动的影响对工业应用中的高质量焊接产品具有挑战性。讨论在材料流动中起重要作用的搅拌轴肩和搅拌针的最佳设计组合。采用标记插入技术对塑化材料的流动情况进行分析。结果表明,正方形和六边形的搅拌针滚花设计有利于与焊缝长度/时间相关的恒稳定力。正方形搅拌针(粘连长度最小)的轴肩滚花设计(TK)S有利于塑化材料均匀混合和分布,在搅拌针底部观察到了铜碎片。采用(TK)S搅拌头的焊缝具有较高的力学性能,材料的搅拌区强度可达182 MPa,硬度可达HV 78。

摘要：INTRODUCTIONInthelastfewyearstherehajsbeenagrowinginterestinthenumericalsolutionofconstrainedoptimiza***haslongbeenadesignchalle...

摘要：This work presents an integrated pressure-tracking controller for a novel electro-hydraulic brake(EHB) system considering friction and hydraulic disturbances. To this end, a mathematical model of an EHB system, consisting of actuator and hydraulic sub-systems, is derived for describing the fundamental dynamics of the system and designing the controller. Due to sensor inaccuracy and measurement noise, a Kalman filter is constructed to estimate push rod stroke for generating desired master cylinder pressure. To improve pressure-tracking accuracy, a linear friction model is generated by linearizing the nonlinear Tustin friction model, and the unmodeled friction disturbances are assumed unknown but bounded. A sliding mode controller is designed for compensating friction disturbances, and the stability of the controller is investigated using the Lyapunov method. The performance of the proposed integrated controller is evaluated with a hardware-in-the-loop(HIL) test platform equipped with the EHB prototype. The test results demonstrate that the EHB system with the proposed integrated controller not only achieves good pressure-tracking performance, but also maintains robustness to friction disturbances.

摘要：二基于硅紫外(紫外) 并且扩大蓝色的光电二极管被介绍，它为轻察觉被制作在紫外 / 蓝光谱范围。塑造条纹、八边形圆形的结构被设计验证 UV-responsivity 的参数，紫外选择，故障电压，和反应时间。极端浅的侧面的 pn 连接成功地在标准 0.5-m 被认识到扩大 pn 连接区域，提高紫外光的吸收，并且改进 responsivity 和量效率的互补金属氧化物半导体(互补金属氧化物半导体) 过程。说明的测试结果塑造条纹的结构有更低的故障电压，更高的 UV-responsicity，并且更高紫外选择。但是八边形圆形的结构有更低的黑暗电流。两结构的反应时间是几乎一样。

摘要：由于塑性失稳导致的应力-应变测量曲线中塑性变形信息的缺失,使得微晶本构行为仍然很神秘.此外,应力-应变测量曲线在不同控制模式下的测量结果变化很大,而本构行为不应受测量方法的影响.此外,由于微观力学测试系统的非线性动力学行为尚不清楚,微晶真实本构行为的探究一直是一个挑战.本文在位移控制和负载控制下对单晶铝微柱进行了详细的实验和分析.为了解释实验结果,文章基于微观力学测试原理开发了一个聚合参数物理模型,该模型可直接将微观力学测试系统的非线性动力学与微晶的本构行为联系起来.这表明应力-应变测量曲线的某些阶段由控制算法产生,与本构行为无关.通过求解微观力学测试系统的非线性动力学,从平衡态开始的强塑性不稳定性(大应变爆发)归因于微晶的应变软化阶段.文章还进行参数研究以减少塑性失稳对测量响应的影响.本研究为开发各种本构模型和设计可靠的微观力学试验提供了重要的见解.

摘要：本文介绍了一种基于横向可移动栅极场效应晶体管(LMGFET)的新型微型力传感器的开发。提出了一种精确的电气模型,用于小型LMGFET器件的性能评估,与以前的模型相比,其精度有所提高。采用了一种新型三明治结构,该结构由一个金交叉解耦栅阵列层和两个软光阻层SU-8组成。通过所提出的双差分传感结构,LMGFET横向工作在垂直干扰下的输出电流被大大消除,所提出传感器的相对输出误差从4.53%(传统差分结构)降低到0.01%。提出了一种实用的传感器制造工艺,并对其进行了模拟。基于LMGFET的力传感器的灵敏度为4.65μA·nN^(-1),可与垂直可移动栅极场效应晶体管(VMGFET)器件相媲美,但非线性度提高了0.78%,测量范围扩大了±5.10μN。这些分析为LMGFET器件的电气和结构参数提供了全面的设计优化,并证明了所提出的传感器在生物医学显微操作应用中具有良好的力传感潜力。