摘要：Natural polyphenols are a large class of phytochemicals with neuroprotective effects. Four polyphenolic compounds: hesperidin, icariin, dihydromyricetin and baicalin were selected to evaluate their effects on Alzheimer's disease(AD). We analyzed by an inverse docking procedure(INVDOCK) the potential protein targets of these polyphenols within the KEGG AD pathway. Consequently, their therapeutic effects were evaluated and compared in a transgenic APP/PS1 mouse model of AD. These polyphenols were docked to several targets, including APP, BACE,PSEN, IDE, CASP, calpain and TNF-a, suggesting potential in vivo activities. Five month old transgenic mice were treated with these polyphenols. Icariin and hesperidin restored behavioral deficits and ameliorated Aβ deposits in both the cortex and hippocampus while baicalin and dihydromyricetin showed no substantial effects. Our findings suggest that hesperidin and icariin could be considered potential therapeutic candidates of human AD.

摘要：AIM： To study the expressions of gastrin （GAS） and somatostatin （SS） in gastric antrum tissues of children with chronic gastritis and duodenal ulcer and their role in pathogenic mechanism. METHODS： Specimens of gastric antrum mucosa from 83 children were retrospectively analyzed. Expressions of GAS and SS in gastric antrum tissues were assayed by the immunohistochemical Fn Vision method. RESULTS： The expressions of GAS in chronic gastritis Hp＋ group （group A）, chronic gastritis Hp-group （group B）, the duodenal ulcer Hp＋group （group C）, duodenal ulcer Hp group （group D）, and normal control group （group E） were 28.50＋4.55, 19.60＋2.49, 22.69＋2.71, 25.33 ＋ 4.76, and 18.80 ＋ 2.36, respectively. The value in groups A-D was higher than that in group F. The difference was not statistically significant. The expressions of SS in groups A-E were 15.47＋ 1.44, 17.29＋ 2.04, 15.30＋ 1.38, 13.11 ＋0.93 and 12.14＋ 1.68, respectively. The value in groups A-D was higher than that in group F. The difference was also not statistically significant. CONCLUSION： The expressions of GAS and SS are increased in children with chronic gastritis and duodenal ulcer.

摘要：Objective： HER-2 plays an important role in the development and progression of ovarian carcinoma. A number of monoclonal antibodies （MAbs） and engineered antibody fragments （such as scFvs） against the subdomain II or IV of HER-2 extracellular domain （ECD） have been developed. We investigated the effect of chA21, an engineered anti-HER-2 antibody that bind primarily to subdomain I, on ovarian carcinoma cell invasion in vitro, and explored its possible mechanisms. Methods： Growth inhibition of SK-OV-3 cells was assessed using a Methyl thiazolyl tetrazolium （MTT） assay. The invasion ability of SK-OV-3 was determined by a Transwell invasion assay. The expression of matrix metalloproteinase-2 （MMP-2） and its tissue inhibitors （TIMP-2） was detected by immunocytochemical staining, and the expression of p38 and the phosphorylation of p38 were assayed by both immunocytochemistry and Western blot. Results： After treatment with chA21, the invasion of human ovarian cancer SK-OV-3 cells was inhibited in dose- and time-dependent manners. Simultaneously the expression of p38, phospho-p38, MMP-2 and the MMP-2/TIMP-2 ratio decreased, while TIMP-2 expression increased. Additionally, the decrease in phospho-p38 was much greater than that of p38. Conclusion： chA21 may inhibit SK-OV-3 cell invasion via the signal transduction pathway involving MMP-2, TIMP-2, p38 and the activation of p38MAPK.

摘要：We described herein structure-based design, synthesis and evaluation of conformationally constrained, cyclic peptidomimetics to block the MLL1-WDR5 protein-protein interaction as inhibitors of the MLL1 histone methyltransferase activity. Our study has yielded cyclic peptidomimetics with very high binding affinities to WDR5 （Ki values 〈1 nmol/L） and function as antagonists of the MLL1 histone methyltransferase activity.

摘要：AIM： To evaluate a newly developed hand-held confocal probe for in vivo microscopic imaging of the complete gastrointestinal tract in rodents. METHODS： A novel rigid confocal probe （diameter 7 mm） was designed with optical features similar to the flexible endomicroscopy system for use in humans using a 488 nm single line laser for fluorophore excitation, Light emission was detected at 505 to 750 nm. The field of view was 475 μm × 475 μm. Optical slice thickness was 7 μm with a lateral resolution of 0.7 μm. Subsurface serial images at different depths （surface to 250 μm） were generated in real time at 1024 × 1024 pixels （0.8 frames/s） by placing the probe onto the tissue in gentle, stable contact. Tissue specimens were sampled for histopathological correlation.RESULTS： The esophagus, stomach, small and large intestine and meso, liver, pancreas and gall bladder were visualised in vivo at high resolution in n = 48 mice. Real time microscopic imaging with the confocal minimicroscopy probe was easy to achieve. The different staining protocols （fluorescein, acriflavine, FITC-labelled dextran and L. esculentum lectin） each highlighted specific aspects of the tissue, and in vivo imaging correlated excellently with conventional histology. In vivo blood flow monitoring added a functional quality to morphologic imaging.CONCLUSION： Confocal microscopy is feasible in vivo allowing the visualisation of the complete GI tract at high resolution even of subsurface tissue structures. The new confocal probe design evaluated in this study is compatible with laparoscopy and significantly expands the field of possible applications to intra-abdominal organs. It allows immediate testing of new in vivo staining and application options and therefore permits rapid transfer from animal studies to clinical use in patients.

摘要：While offering a entire class of students the course of basic medicine experimental design,the teacher is required to guide simultaneously multiple research groups of them at a limited period of time in conducting independently design of interdisciplinary experimental research,selecting and revising the optimal designs,putting these projects into *** this teaching process,the course is expected to improve students’ability to carry out scientific research and *** is apparently difficult for an assigned teacher who has been engaged in a certain discipline to be responsible for the whole teaching process and to achieve the teaching goal of this *** fact,whether the curriculum can be run effectively is not only dependent on the active participation of teachers and students,but also the overall and firm support from university’s *** spite of that,the teacher’s role in the curriculum is still *** the present report,the pathophysiology discipline was responsible for the work of both interdisciplinary teaching team construction and the curriculum *** team included the multiple disciplinary teachers of basic medical science,the specialist teachers of scientific research methodology such as medical statistics,medical literature retrieval,laboratory animal science and senior *** is favorable for this form to successfully conduct the curriculum of basic medicine experimental design by making full advantages of this multiple disciplinary *** significance of the teaching team construction,its tasks,the manner of teaching quality assessment and the operational mechanism are described in this *** is believed to be a new form of teachers’team construction of higher medical schools.

摘要：More than 300 types of modified fatty acids （mFA） are produced in triacylglycerols （TAG） by various plant species, with many of these unusual structures rendering unique physical and chemical properties that are desirable for a variety of bio-based industrial uses. Attempts to produce these mFA in crop species have thus far failed to reach the desired levels of production and highlighted the need to better understand how fatty acids are synthesized and accumulated in seed oils. In this review we discuss how some of the progress made in recent years, such as the improved TAG synthesis model to include acyl editing and new enzymes such as PDCT, may be utilized to achieve the goal of effectively modifying plant oils for industrial uses. Co-expressing several key enzymes may circumvent the bottlenecks for the accumulation of mFA in TAG through efficient removal of mFA from phosphatidylchofine. Other approaches include the prevention of feedback inhibition of fatty acid synthesis and improving primary enzyme activity in host transgenic plants. In addition, genomic approaches are providing unprecedented power to discover more factors that may facilitate engineering mFA in oilseeds. Based on the results of the last 20 years, creating a high mFA accumulating plant will not be done by simply inserting one or two genes; it is necessary to stack genes encoding enzymes with favorable kinetic activity or specificity along with additional complementary transgenes in optimized plant backgrounds to produce industrial fatty acids at desirable levels. Finally, we discuss the potential of Camelina as an industrial oilseed platform.

摘要：We report the design and fabrication of a novel and fully integrated polymer-based centrifugal microfluidic disc for rapid automatic allergens detection. All essential steps for a single test including flow valving, sequencing, mixing, separation, extraction, and sedimentation for final detection are automatically conducted within 30 min on a centrifugal microfluidic disc. Our design features a siphon-based valving and analyte extraction structure where the released analyte is separated and subsequently extracted by a siphon valve into the detection chamber. Incorporating the siphon valve and a series of capillary valves, we realize automated detection of allergic reaction on a centrifugal microfluidic disc.

摘要：设计了 5个实验以研究台湾乳白蚁 (Coptotermesformosanus)和黄肢散白蚁 (Reticulitermesflavipes)的种间斗争关系。所试白蚁采自阿拉巴马州。实验 1将两组白蚁的兵蚁和工蚁以自然比例混合 (台湾乳白蚁工蚁∶兵蚁 =2 0∶5 ,黄肢散白蚁工蚁∶兵蚁 =2 4∶1) ;实验 2观察了双方同数量 (各 2 5头 )工蚁的种间斗争能力 ;实验 3观察两者同数量 (各 5头 )兵蚁的种间斗争关系 ;实验 4、 5分别研究双方工蚁与兵蚁的斗争关系。因两种工蚁形态相似 ,所以在实验前用 0 1%NileblueA染过的滤纸饲喂一方白蚁 2 4h使虫体着色以便观察。所有实验在 2 2℃ ,6 5 %RH荧光灯下进行。每个实验将两方白蚁同时放入一培养皿中 ,观察至一方 10 0 %受伤 ,然后把培养皿移到培养箱内 ,2 4小时后统计死亡率。结果表明 ,实验一开始 ,双方的工蚁和兵蚁都立即进入残酷的厮杀斗争 ,台湾乳白蚁兵蚁和工蚁的斗争能力都明显强于黄肢散白蚁 ;兵蚁的斗争行为不受工蚁的影响 ,工蚁的斗争能力也不受兵蚁的制约。实验中台湾乳白蚁的工蚁与黄肢散白蚁的兵蚁攻击能力相当 ,但黄肢散白蚁的工蚁却远弱于台湾乳白蚁的兵蚁。上述结果说明 ,自然界中不可能出现此两种白蚁群体的偶然性融合 ;外来的台湾乳白蚁很可能在其群体建立的地区占据优势 .

摘要：Reducing crop loss to diseases is urgently needed to meet increasing food production challenges caused by the expanding world population and the negative impact of climate change on crop ***-resistant crops can be created by expressing endogenous or exogenous genes of interest through transgenic ***,enhanced resistance by overexpressing resistance-produced genes often results in adverse developmental *** open reading frames(uORFs)are translational control elements located in the 5′untranslated region(UTR)of eukaryotic mRNAs and may repress the translation of downstream *** investigate the function of three uORFs from the 5′-UTR of ACCELERATED CELL 11(uORFsACD11),we develop a fluorescent reporter system and find uORFsACD11 function in repressing downstream gene *** or simultaneous mutations of the three uORFsACD11 lead to repression of downstream translation efficiency at different ***,uORFsACD11-mediated translational inhibition is impaired upon recognition of pathogen attack of plant *** coupled with the PATHOGENESIS-RELATED GENE 1(PR1)promoter,the uORFsACD11 cassettes can upregulate accumulation of Arabidopsis thaliana LECTIN RECEPTOR KINASE-VI.2(AtLecRKVI.2)during pathogen attack and enhance plant resistance to Phytophthora *** findings indicate that the uORFsACD11 cassettes can be a useful toolkit that enables a high level of protein expression during pathogen attack,while for ensuring lower levels of protein expression at normal conditions.