摘要：The traditional woodcut New Year pictures in Shanxi have a long history, which is a classic folk art work in China. The branch of culture it represents is the traditional culture branch in the Yellow River basin, which flourished in the Ming and Qing Dynasties, among which the Woodcut New Year pictures in the south of Shanxi are the most famous. This kind of wood-block New Year picture technology is very rich in connotation, including the use of traditional Chinese mural painting powder, powder is born in the Sui and Tang dynasties mural painting an important tool, which shows that powder in the field of Chinese traditional art to participate in the creation of a significant position, artistic value is very high. In this paper, we will specifically discuss the traditional Shanxi New Year wood-block pictures and traditional mural paintings, and deeply understand the basic concepts and characteristics of the two. Finally, this paper studies the internal subtle relationship between the two from three aspects: the remains of the works, the time of painting and literary illustrations.