摘要：Powered lower limb exoskeletons have traditionally used four or more powered joints to provide ambulation assistance for individuals with spinal cord *** with numerous powered joints commonly lost some excellent features of passive orthoses and further decreased utility due to added weight and increased control *** work adopts joints coupling mechanism to design a powered exoskeleton to minimize the number of actuated joints and control *** conventional powered exoskeletons,the joint-coupled-powered exoskeleton only has a single motor-actuated joint for each exoskeleton leg in conjunction with a unique knee coupled system to enable their users to walk,sit,and *** two types of joint coupled systems are designed,respectively,hip-knee coupled and knee-ankle *** joint-coupled-powered exoskeleton system allows a single actuator to power the hip motion,and allows activate knee motion through the coupled motions of the hip or *** specifically,when the mechanical coupled system is activated,the knee joint is unlocked,resulting in synchronized hip-knee or ankle-knee flexion and *** coupling mechanism is switched on and off at specific phases of the gait(the stance phase and the swing phase)to generate the desired *** research work proves that minimal actuated robotic systems with joint coupled could achieve safe and natural walking.

摘要：Implementing clinical trials with large multicenter samples is an important way to scientifically evaluate and demonstrate the curative effect of *** present,clinical trials on moxibustion with large multicenter samples are prospering in *** is necessary for research units to have good research professionals and technical platforms as well as a highly standardized and scientifically feasible methodology of *** tasks in the ongoing national 973 project and in the sci-tech support program of the "11th 5-year plan",for example,this research captures the characteristics of moxibustion,carries out deep analysis and introduces specific methods and the important significance of clinical research tasks on moxibustion in designing multicenter plans,implementing experiments,supervising quality and strengthening compliance.

摘要：Every year more than 5 million people worldwide become hemiplegic as a direct consequence of stroke. This neurological deficiency, often leads to a partial or a total loss of standing up abilities and/or ambulation skills. In order to propose new supporting solutions lying between the wheelchair and the walker, this paper presents a technological strategy for designing an assistive device for a biomechanical study of the Sit-To-Stand movement （STS）. The control algorithms are implemented in TwinCAT runtime environment. The communi- cation between the component and the control computer is ensured via the EtherCAT fieldbus. The aim of this architecture lies in the fact that it allows a quick development of a research prototype with the same safety issues found on an industrial machine. An experimental test of the STS strategy is presented and discussed in order to evaluate the strategy.

摘要：Three-dimensional(3D)tumor models prepared from patient-derived cells have been reported to imitate some of the biological development processes of in situ tumors in *** 3D tumor models share several important characteristics with their in vivo tumor ***,their applications in tumor modeling,drug screening,and precision-targeted treatment are ***,the establishment of tumormodels is subject to several challenges,including advancements in scale size,repeatability,structural precision in time and space,vascularization,and the tumor ***,bioprinting technologies enabling the editorial arrangement of cells,factors,and materials have improved the simulation of tumormodels in *** the 3D bioprinted tumor models,the organoidmodel has been widely appreciated for its advantages of maintaining high heterogeneity and capacity for simulating the developmental process of tumor *** this review,we outline approaches and potential prospects for tumor model bioprinting and discuss the existing bioprinting technologies and bioinks in tumor model *** multidisciplinary combination of tumor pathology,molecular biology,material science,and additive manufacturing will help overcome the barriers to tumor model construction by allowing consideration of the structural and functional characteristics of in vitro models and promoting the development of heterogeneous tumor precision therapies.

摘要：Purpose–The authors believe that people with cognitive and motor impairments may benefit from using of telepresence robots to engage in social *** date,these systems have not been designed for use by people with disabilities as the robot *** paper aims to discuss these ***/methodology/approach–The authors conducted two formative evaluations using a participatory action design ***,the authors conducted a focus group(n¼5)to investigate how members of the target audience would want to direct a telepresence robot in a remote environment using *** authors then conducted a follow-on experiment in which participants(n¼12)used a telepresence robot or directed a human in a scavenger hunt ***–The authors collected a corpus of 312 utterances(first hand as opposed to speculative)relating to spatial ***,the analysis of the corpus supported several speculations put forth during the focus ***,it showed few statistically significant differences between speech used in the human and robot agent conditions;thus,the authors believe that,for the task of directing a telepresence robot’s movements in a remote environment,people will speak to the robot in a manner similar to speaking to another *** implications–Based upon the two formative evaluations,the authors present four guidelines for designing speech-based interfaces for telepresence ***/value–Robot systems designed for general use do not typically consider people with *** work is a first step towards having our target population take the active role of the telepresence robot operator.

摘要：Stroke is one of the most serious diseases that threaten human life and *** is a major cause of death and disability in the *** strategies for motor rehabilitation after stroke are undergoing *** aimed to develop a novel artificial neural rehabilitation system,which integrates brain--computer interface(BCI)and functional electrical stimulation(FES)technologies,for limb motor function recovery after *** conducted clinical trials(including controlled trials)in 32 patients with chronic *** were randomly divided into the BCI-FES group and the neuromuscular electrical stimulation(NMES)*** changes in outcome measures during intervention were compared between groups,and the trends of ERD values based on EEG were analyzed for BCI-FES *** showed that the increase in Fugl Meyer Assessment of the Upper Extremity(FMA-UE)and Kendall Manual Muscle Testing(Kendall MMT)scores of the BCI-FES group was significantly higher than that in the sham group,which indicated the practicality and superiority of the BCI-FES system in clinical *** change in the laterality coefficient(LC)values based onμ-ERD(ΔLCm-ERD)had high significant positive correlation with the change in FMA-UE(r=0.6093,P=0.012),which provides theoretical basis for exploring novel objective evaluation methods.

摘要：In this study,a human-chair model was developed as the basis for a wearable-chair design.A prototype chair,HUST-EC,based on the model was fabricated and *** the optimization under the golden divisional method,an optimized simulation of the operating mode with the lowest chair height was implemented.A novel multi-link support structure has been established with parameters optimized using Matlab *** stress analysis of the solid models was conducted to ensure the adequate support from the designed chair for the *** subjects participated in the evaluation experiment,who performed both static tasks and dynamic *** experimental results consisted of subjective evaluation and objective *** experimental data demonstrate that(1)the HUST-EC can effectively reduce the activation level of related muscles at a variety of tasks;(2)the plantar pressure was reduced by 54%–67%;(3)the angle between the upper body and the vertical axis was reduced by 59%–77%;(4)the subjective scores for chair comfortability,portability,and stability were all higher than *** results further revealed that the designed chair can reduce the musculoskeletal burden and may improve work efficiency.

摘要：Fail-safe topology optimization is valuable for ensuring that optimized structures remain operable even under damaged *** selectively removing material stiffness in patches with a fixed shape,the complex phenomenon of local failure is modeled in fail-safe topology *** this work,we first conduct a comprehensive study to explore the impact of patch size,shape,and distribution on the robustness of fail-safe *** findings suggest that larger sizes and finer distribution of material patches can yield more robust fail-safe ***,a finer patch distribution can significantly increase computational costs,particularly for 3D *** keep computational efforts tractable,an efficient fail-safe topology optimization approach is established based on the framework of multi-resolution topology optimization(MTOP).Within the MTOP framework,the extended finite element method is introduced to establish a decoupling connection between the analysis mesh and the topology description *** examples demonstrate that the developed methodology is 2 times faster for 2D problems and over 25 times faster for 3D problems than traditional fail-safe topology optimization while maintaining similar levels of robustness.

摘要：In recent years, it has been reported that WM (working memory) is concerned with word generation, but many points regarding the relationship between the individual differences of WM capacity and the patterns of word generation remain unclear. This study is to investigate these unclear points by using three types of word fluency task with different strategies. Subjects were 28 healthy native speakers of Japanese with an average age of 22.46 ± 3.26 years old. The experimental design included the following two tasks: (1) Japanese reading span test: Subjects were divided into the high-span, middle-span, and low-span WM capacity groups on the basis of the proportion of words recalled correctly; and (2) Word fluency task (category, letter, and verb conditions): In this task, subjects gave as many words as possible that were associated with each stimulus word within 60 s; four stimulus words in each category were used with 12 words in all. As a result, it has become clear that the high-span group with larger WM capacity can generate more words in number than the other groups and is superior in word generating capacity to them and that the low-span group with smaller WM capacity is the highest in the proportion of words generated in the first 15 s when their vocabulary is abundant, while it is the lowest during 45-60 s when their vocabulary dries up. The results suggest that WM capacity is involved in the ability to extract appropriate vocabulary from long-term memory information in immediate response.

摘要：OBJECTIVE:To explore the most effective parameters of Yi Zhi Chan Tuina manipulation for improving peripheral blood ***:A total of 45 volunteers were recruited from Pudong district in Shanghai,China,from October to December 2010,and randomly divided into nine groups using computer-generated random *** received Yi Zhi Chan Tuina manipulation on Chengjin(BL 56) acupoint;each group received a particular combination of manipulation force and treatment *** used a two-factor,three-level factorial design to examine the effects of force and treatment time on changes in popliteal artery average volume flow,pulsatility index,and vessel diameter to determine the optimal parameter *** were assessed at baseline and after Tuina manipulation by interviewers blind to treatment group ***:After manipulation,two of the nine groups showed an increase in popliteal artery volume *** inter-participants effect test showed that for main effect of time,F = 0.331,P = 0.720;for main effect of force,F = 2.934,P = 0.066;and for the force-time interaction effect,F = 1.072,P = 0.385,indicating no interaction between force and ***,a pairwise comparison of the three levels of time showed that a treatment time of 10 min was significantly more effective than that of 2 min(P = 0.024).A pairwise comparison of light force,medium force,and heavy force showed a statistically significant effect for medium force(P = 0.035).CONCLUSION:Yi Zhi Chan Tuina manipulation with vertical force of 9.31 N for 10 min is most effective in improving peripheral circulation.