摘要：The evaluation of training effectiveness （TE） of military training aircraft, though obviously very important, appears to have attracted much less attention than what it deserves in the open literature. This article aims to start from previous studies and explore further. First, TE of military training aircraft is discussed and our ideas for evaluating TE which are expressed mathematically are proposed. Then, using the presented mathematical models, software is developed that takes into consideration the influence of parameters of flight performance and quality on TE. The software＇s environment is Borland C＋＋ and it sets up the parameters of trainer, training standard databases and training documents; it can analyze and then give the operational cost and cost-effectiveness ratio of military trainer. Finally, the software is utilized to compare the TEs of HAWK and MB339 with that of Chinese Air Force TF-6. The results of comparison show that the TE of TF-6 is the lowest.

摘要：For the problem that the flow separation on the flap lowers the aerodynamic performance of high lift system,an investigation was carried out on using micro vortex generators(VGs) to control the separation on flap of the swept constant chord half-model(SCCH) high-lift configuration,at a small to medium angle of attack,by experimental and numerical *** basic flow characteristics of SCCH landing configuration were analyzed by using numerical method to provide required information for the design of micro ***,by keeping the cruise configuration intact,the preliminary design procedure and design methods of micro VGs were *** addition,the micro VGs were *** effects of VG's arrangement and geometric parameters,such as the arrangement mode,chordwise position,arrangement angle,height and spanwise distance,on controlling efficiency were investigated by using numerical *** the parameters of preliminary VGs were adjusted as the basis configuration for wind tunnel *** experiments were accomplished in NH-2 wind tunnel for validating the numerical method,as well as obtaining the design principles and methods of micro *** parameters of VGs were also optimized based on the *** experimental results showed that the numerical design method can serve as an efficient and accurate design *** lift and drag were increased by 10% and 14%,respectively in landing state,which satisfied the requirements for ***,it was concluded that the established design principles and methods for micro VGs in this investigation can be used in engineering application.

摘要：Collision and security issues are considered as barriers to RFID *** this paper,a parallelizable anti-collision based on chaotic sequence combined dynamic frame slotted aloha to build a high-efficiency RFID system is *** the tags parallelizable identification,we design a Discrete Markov process to analyze the success identification *** a mutual authentication security protocol merging chaotic anti-collision is *** theoretical analysis and simulation results show that the proposed identification scheme has less than 45.1%of the identification time slots compared with the OVSF-system when the length of the chaos sequence is *** success identification rate of the proposed chaotic anti-collision can achieve 63%when the number of the tag *** test the energy consumption of the presented authentication protocol,which can simultaneously solve the anti-collision and security of the UHF RFID system.

摘要：This paper proposes a design of passive cooling system for CPR1000 spent fuel pool(SFP). Our design can effectively manage the SFP temperature not to exceed80 C. Then the transient analysis of the CPR1000 SFP with designed passive cooling system is carried out in station blackout(SBO) accident by the best-estimate thermal-hydraulic system code RELAP5. The simulation results show that to maintain the temperature of CPR1000 SFP under 80 C, the numbers of the SFP and air cooling heat exchangers tubes are 6627 and 19 086, *** height difference between the bottom of the air cooling heat exchanger and the top of the SFP heat exchanger is3.8 m. The number of SFP heat exchanger tubes decreases as the height difference increases, while the number of the air cooling heat exchanger tubes increases. The transient analysis results show that after the SBO accident, a stable natural cooling circulation is established. The surface temperature of CPR1000 SFP increases continually until 80 C, which indicates that the design of the passive air cooling system for CPR1000 SFP is capable of removing the decay heat to maintain the temperature of the SFP around 80 C after losing the heat sink.

摘要：The AP1000 with high safety is a generation III pressurized water reactor(PWR),its significant feature is passive safety ***,its passive cooling can only maintain for 72 h and requires additional support from inside or outside the *** solve this problem,this study utilized the WGOTHIC software to calculate and analyze the water inventory in the passive containment cooling water tank under different *** results show that when the cooling water inventory is 6553.78 m3,the AP1000 nuclear power plants can achieve long-term,completely passive cooling without any inside or outside the *** same outcomes occur when 65-mm-thick containment wall increases the design pressure rating to 0.6 MPa at the cooling water inventory of 5673 ***,the AP1000 shield building was accordingly *** ANSYS analysis of the structural stability of the shield building with a 6000 m3 cooling water inventory confirmed that the new design can meet the requirements of the seismic design and the safe residual heat removal requirements of a large-scale PWR.

摘要：A numerical model was established to predict and optimise the chemical cleaning process of Polyvinylidene Fluoride(PVDF)Ultra filtration(UF)membranes with the results from the experiment that applied the Response Surface Method(RSM)and Central Composite design(CCD).The factors considered in the experimental design were sodium hydroxide(NaOH)concentration,sodium hypochlorite concentration(NaClO),citric acid concentration and cleaning *** interactions between the factors were investigated with the numerical *** acid(20 mg·L-1)was used as the model foulant,and chemical enhanced back flush(CEB)was employed to simulate the chemical cleaning *** concentrations of sodium hydroxide,sodium hypochlorite,citric acid and cleaning duration tested during the experiments were in the range of 0.1%–0.3%,100–300 mg·L-1,1%–3%and 0.5–1.5 h,*** the variables,the sodium hypochlorite concentration and the cleaning duration showed a positive relationship involving the increased ef ficiency of the chemical *** chemical cleaning ef ficiency was hardly improved with increasing concentrations of sodium ***,the data was sharply decreased when at a low level of sodium hydroxide *** total,54 sets of cleaning schemes with 80%to 100%cleaning ef ficiency were observed with the RSM model after calibration.

摘要：日益显著的气候变化对新的城市设计模式提出了巨大的挑战,我们需将如能源、水资源的使用效率等城市系统的性能元素纳入考虑范围。传统的城市设计模式注重形式的设计过程,却缺乏性能维度的考量。地理设计是一种新兴的方法,该方法更加强调系统性思维、数字技术与地理环境之间的联系。本文介绍了该领域大规模合作研究第一阶段的研究成果,并进一步提出了一种用于区域规模城市设计的地理设计方案,以整合可再生能源生产系统、能源消耗系统及雨水管理系统等,并兼顾了人类的城市生活体验。该方案结合了地理信息系统(GIS)、参数化建模技术和多学科设计优化(MDO)工具,可实现协同设计决策。为了实现近零能耗城市实验区的设计,该方案通过了测试案例的反复推演与调整。我们最终的方案有如下3个特点:(1)集成的地理设计和参数化设计:方案采用参数化设计方法,通过自定义程序算法生成焦点尺度的原型,并应用地理设计来评估设计方案的性能;(2)关注设计流程:方案阐述了设计过程中的问题定义标准、信息的选择标准以及设计决策的制定标准;(3)多目标优化:测试案例通过性能建模生成指标,并通过多目标计算实验得出原理,从中我们可以得知如何改进该设计。本文总结了基于多学科设计优化(MDO)工具的城市设计方案和基础设施系统建模方案,并描述了随后的实施步骤。

摘要：Jinping I hydropower station is one of the most challenging projects in China due to its highest arch dam and complex geological conditions for *** geological investigation into the dam foundation,a few large-scale weak discontinuities are *** rock masses in the left dam foundation are intensively unloaded,approximately to the depth of 150–300 *** serious geological defects lead to a geological asymmetry on the left and right banks,and thus some major diffculties of dam construction are *** this paper,the influences of geological defects on the project are analyzed,followed by the concepts and methods of treatment *** on the analysis,the treatment methods of the weak rock masses and discontinuities are carefully determined,including the concrete cushion,concrete replacement grids,and consolidation *** work together to enhance the strength and integrity of the dam *** and calibrations through geo-mechanical model tests in combination with feld monitoring results in early impoundment period show that the arch dam and its foundation are roughly stable,suggesting that the treatment designs are reasonable and *** proposed treatment methods and concepts in the context can be helpful for similar complex rock projects.

摘要：Computational thermodynamics,known as CALPHAD method when dawned in 1950s,aimed at coupling phase diagrams with thermochemistry by computational *** eventually evolves toward kinetic simulations integrated with thermodynamic calculations,i.e.,computational kinetics,including diffusion-controlled phase transformation,precipitation simulation,and phasefield *** the meantime,thermodynamic,mobility,and physical property databases for multi-component and multi-phase materials,served as basic knowledge for materials design,are critically evaluated by CALPHAD approach combining key experiments,first-principles calculations,statistic methods,and empirical *** combination of these computational techniques with their conjugated databases makes it possible to simulate phase transformations and predict the microstructure evolution in real materials in a foreseeable *** links to microand macro-scale simulations lead to a multi-scale computational framework,and aid the search for the quantitativerelations among chemistry,process,microstructures,and materials properties in order to accelerate materials development and *** is a new route of materials and process design pursued by Integrated Computational Materials Engineering(ICME)and Materials Genome Initiative(MGI).This article presents a review on the basic theories and applications,the state of the art and perspective of computational thermodynamics and kinetics.