摘要：In order to contribute to the development of minimally invasive surgery techniques for autologous chondrocyte implantation, a novel self-assembling biomaterial consisting of thermoresponsive poly(N-isopropylacrylamide)-grafted hyaluronan (PNIPAAm-g-HA) has been synthesized as an injectable scaffold for cartilage tissue engineering. The aim of this study was to investigate the efficacy and cytocompatibility of PNIPAAm-g-HA to normal chondrocytes by using reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) analysis and histochemical staining in preliminary in vitro and in vitro experiments. Hematoxylin and eosin staining showed homogeneous distribution of cells in the PNIPAAm-g-HA hydrogel in 3-dimensional in vitro cultivation. Alcian blue staining also indicated that abundant extracellular matrix formation, including acidic glycosaminoglycans, occurred in tissue-engineered cartilage over time in vitro. Cartilage-related gene expression patterns, which were tested in rabbit normal chondrocytes embedded in the hydrogel, were almost maintained for 4 weeks. Transforming growth factor-β1 (TGF-β1) stimulation enhanced the expression of SRY-related HMG box-containing gene 9 (Sox9) and type X collagen genes suggesting promotion of chondrogenic differentiation. Histochemical evaluation showed neocartilage formation following subcutaneous implantation of the chondrocyte-gel mixture in nude mice. Furthermore, TGF-β1 stimulation promoted production and maturation of the extracellular matrix of the in situ tissue engineered hyaline cartilage. These data suggested that PNIPAAm-g-HA could be a promising biomaterial, i.e., a self-assembling and injectable scaffold for cartilage tissue engineering.

摘要：In a recent publication [1], these images in Figures 6(b, c)(^NPEG-NPCe6 group), S7, S9 and S10 were inadvertently taken the incorrect images in the production. The corrected versions are shown below. And, the quantification of Ce6 fluorescence(as performed in Figure 6(c)) was also corrected(Figure S12).

摘要：The process of wound healing is routinely evaluated by histological evaluation in the clinic,which may cause scarring and secondary *** confocal microscopy(RCM)represents a noninvasive,real-time imaging technique that allows in vivo evaluation of the *** RCM was wide-probe-based,which limited its application on uneven and covered *** this study,we report the development of a portable reflectance confocal microscope(PRCM)in which all components were assembled in a handheld *** the size and weight of the PRCM were reduced based on the use of a microelectromechanical system,the resolution was kept at 0.91μm,and the field of view of the system was 343μm×532μ*** used in vivo,the PRCM was able to visualize cellular and nuclear morphology for both mouse and human *** evaluations were then performed on wounds after topically applied mesenchymal stem cells(MSCs)or saline *** PRCM allowed visualization of the formation of collagen bundles,re-epithelization from the wound edge to the wound bed,and hair follicle regeneration,which were consistent with histological ***,we offer new insights into monitoring the effects of topically applied MSCs on the process of wound healing by using *** study illustrates that the newly developed PRCM represents a promising device for real-time,noninvasive monitoring of the dynamic process of wound healing,which demonstrates its potential to diagnose,monitor,or predict disease in clinical wound therapy.

摘要：Objectives:Unplanned readmissions severely affect a patient's physical and mental well-being after kidney transplantation(KT),which is also independently associated with morbidity.A retrospective study was conducted to identify the incidence,causes and risk factors for unplanned readmission after KT among Chinese ***:Patients who underwent KT were admitted to the organ transplant center of the Affiliated Hospital of University of science and Technology of China(2017-2018).Medical records for these patients were obtained through the hospital information system(HIS).Results:In 518 patients,the incidence of unplanned readmissions within 30 days(n=9)was 1.74%,and 90 days(n=64)was 12.35%.The one-year unplanned readmission rate was 22.59%(n=122).Overall,122 patients were readmitted because of infection,renal events,metabolic disturbances,surgical complications,***(OR=10.462,95%CI:1.355-80.748),peritoneal dialysis(OR=8.746,95%CI:1.074-71.238)and length of stay(OR=1.023,95%CI:1.006-1.040)were independent risk factors for unplanned ***:Unplanned readmission rates increased with time after *** risk factors related to unplanned readmissions should be deeply *** interventions for controllable factors to alleviate the rate of unplanned readmissions should be identified.

摘要：The global increase in the prevalence of drug-resistant bacteria has necessitated the development of alternative treatments that do not rely on conventional antimicrobial *** bacteriophage-derived lytic enzymes in antibacterial therapy shows promise;however,a thorough comparison and evaluation of their bactericidal efficacy are *** study aimed to compare and investigate the bactericidal activity and spectrum of such lytic enzymes,with the goal of harnessing them for antibacterial ***,we examined the bactericidal activity of spanins,endolysins,and holins derived from 2 Escherichia coli model phages,T1 and *** these,T1-spanin exhibited the highest bactericidal activity against ***,we expressed T1-spanin within bacterial cells and assessed its bactericidal activity.T1-spanin showed potent bactericidal activity against all clinical isolates tested,including bacterial strains of 111 ***,2 Acinetobacter spp.,3 Klebsiella spp.,and 3 Pseudomonas *** contrast,T1 phage-derived endolysin showed bactericidal activity against *** and ***,yet its efficacy against other bacteria was inferior to that of ***,we developed a phage-based technology to introduce the T1-spanin gene into target *** synthesized non-proliferative phage exhibited strong antibacterial activity against the targeted *** potent bactericidal activity exhibited by spanins,combined with the novel phage synthetic technology,holds promise for the development of innovative antimicrobial agents.

摘要：Since a typical mammalian cell contains only 200–300 picograms of proteins and the lack of a proteome amplification strategy[1],a practical and high-throughput approach for single-cell proteomics has long been awaited.A series of methods have been explored to make single-cell proteomics *** design of nanoPOTS and OAD chip-based processes minimizes sample preparation steps and volumes to reduce sample loss[2,3].

摘要：Precision genome editing is highly desired for crop *** recently emerged CRISPR/Cas technology offers great potential applications in precision plant genome engineering.A prime editing(PE)approach combining a reverse transcriptase(RT)with a Cas9 nickase and a“priming”extended guide RNA(gRNA)has shown a high frequency for precise genome modification in mammalian cells and several plant ***,the applications of the PE approach in dicot plants are still limited and *** designed and tested prime editors for precision editing of a synthetic sequence in a transient assay and for desirable alleles of 10 loci in tomato by stable *** data obtained by targeted deep sequencing also revealed only low PE efficiencies in both the tobacco and tomato *** assessment of the activities of the PE components uncovered that the fusion of RT to Cas9 and the structure of PE gRNAs(pegRNAs)negatively affected the cleaving activity of the Cas9 *** self-complementarity between the primer binding sequences(PBSs)and spacer sequence might pose risks to the activity of the Cas9 ***,modifying the pegRNA sequences by shortening or introducing mismatches to the PBSs to reduce their melting temperatures did not enhance the PE efficiency at the MADS-box protein(SlMBP21),alcobaca(SlALC),and acetolactate synthase 1(SlALS1)*** data show challenges of the PE approach in tomato,indicating that a further improvement of the PE system for successful applications is demanded,such as the use of improved expression systems for enriching active PE complexes.

摘要：Human life intimately depends on plants for food,biomaterials,health,energy,and a sustainable *** plants have been genetically improved mostly through breeding,along with limited modification via genetic engineering,yet they are still not able to meet the ever-increasing needs,in terms of both quantity and quality,resulting from the rapid increase in world population and expected standards of living.A step change that may address these challenges would be to expand the potential of plants using biosystems design *** represents a shift in plant science research from relatively simple trial-and-error approaches to innovative strategies based on predictive models of biological *** biosystems design seeks to accelerate plant genetic improvement using genome editing and genetic circuit engineering or create novel plant systems through de novo synthesis of plant *** this perspective,we present a comprehensive roadmap of plant biosystems design covering theories,principles,and technical methods,along with potential applications in basic and applied plant biology *** highlight current challenges,future opportunities,and research priorities,along with a framework for international collaboration,towards rapid advancement of this emerging interdisciplinary area of ***,we discuss the importance of social responsibility in utilizing plant biosystems design and suggest strategies for improving public perception,trust,and acceptance.

摘要：Chemical inducement and DDRT-PCR （differential display reverse transcription PCR） are adopted to investigate the effect of epinephrine （EPI） on the settlement and metamorphosis of Manila clam larvae. Chemical inducement shows that EPI has an effect to some extent on the metamorphosis of Manila clam larvae at all concentrations and in all treatments designed. The most significant result of inducement is obtained at the concentration of 10^-6 tool L^-1 and for 4 h. DDRT-PCR using six primer pairs shows that the gene expression pattern is quite different between EPI treatment and the control. Three hundred and forty-three amplification bands are obtained in total, among which, 67 （19.53%） are differentially appeared. Therefore, EPI has an effect on the gene expression of the eye spot larval Manila clam. It can be hypothesized that EPI is a settlement and metamorphosis inducer for Manila clam. EPI may lead to larvae settlement and metamorphosis by binding to the receptors on the membrane and then changing the gene expression of larvae cells.

摘要：As we navigate the transition from the Fourth to the Fifth Industrial Revolution,the emerging fields of biomanufacturing and biofabrication are transforming life sciences and *** sectors are benefiting from a synergy of synthetic and engineering biology,sustainable manufacturing,and integrated design *** techniques such as 3D bioprinting,tissue engineering,directed assembly,and self-assembly are instrumental in creating biomimetic scaffolds,tissues,organoids,medical devices,and biohybrid *** field of biofabrication in the United Kingdom and Ireland is emerging as a pivotal force in bioscience and healthcare,propelled by cutting-edge research and *** on the production of biologically functional products for use in drug delivery,in vitro models,and tissue engineering,research institutions across these regions are dedicated to innovating healthcare solutions that adhere to ethical standards while prioritising sustainability,affordability,and healthcare system benefits.