摘要：电催化二氧化碳还原反应(CO_(2)RR)能够利用可再生电能将CO_(2)转化为高附加值化学品和燃料,是一项有望缓解当下环境挑战的技术方案.本文总结了CO_(2)RR稳足性下降的根本原因,并探讨了解决这一问题的有效策略以及最新的研究进展.首先,在外加电位的作用下,催化剂会发生结构转变,且碳沉积或气体杂质引起的催化剂中毒都会降低CO_(2)RR的稳定性.其次,气体扩散层(GDL)附近发生水淹和盐沉淀会阻碍反应物/生成物的传输,三相界面会受到破坏.在长时间服役时,液压和电流的作用会导致GDL开裂.在电解质方面,碱性电解质会与CO_(2)中和,形成碳酸盐沉淀;而酸性介质腐蚀催化剂,并伴随严重的析氢副反应.另外,电解质中的金属离子杂质的优先还原进一步加剧了稳定性的衰减.深入理解CO_(2)RR中各类失活现象对设计稳定、高效的CO_(2)电催化系统具有指导意义.针对CO_(2)RR稳定性研究目前所面临的困境,本文最后展望了该领域未来的研究方向.

摘要：量子点发光二极管(QLED)溶液法制备的特点和喷墨打印高度契合,在印刷显示器领域展现出巨大的应用潜力.制作QLED器件时,下层薄膜的表面能对上层薄膜的铺展起着至关重要的作用,高表面能可以促进不同功能膜层之间的紧密接触并减少漏电流.然而,已报道的交联空穴传输材料(HTM)低的表面能不利于喷墨打印.在此,我们通过分子设计开发了一种可交联HTM及其聚合物,新的聚合物命名为[9-(4-(乙氧基甲基)苯基)-3-(7-(9-(4-(己炔基)乙氧基甲基)苯基)-9H-咔唑-3-基)-9H-芴]-9H-咔唑(PDA-FLCZ),由3,3′-(9,9-二甲基-9H-芴-2,7-二基)双[9-(4-(丙-2-炔-1-氧基)甲基)苯基]-9H-咔唑(DA-FLCZ)聚合得到.这种新型HTM采用原位光热交联和预聚后热交联两种交联策略,都可以在较低的交联温度下形成稳定的网络结构,具有优异的耐溶剂性和较高的表面能.通过优化交联工艺,交联PDA-FLCZ薄膜实现了更高的空穴迁移率和更低的陷阱密度,其对应的旋涂QLED器件的最大外量子效率(EQE)达到17.59%,比基于DA-FLCZ的器件(14.25%)高出23%.此外,基于交联PDA-FLCZ的喷墨打印QLED显示出15.28%的最大EQE,接近其旋涂器件值的90%.

摘要：Ensuring a sufficient oxygen supply is pivotal for the success of bioprinting applications since it fosters tissue integration and natural *** in oxygen concentration among diverse tissues necessitates the precise recreation of tissue-specific oxygen levels in imprinted constructs to support the survival of targeted *** oxygen-releasing biomaterials,such as oxygen-generating microparticles(OMPs),have shown promise for enhancing the oxygen supply of microenvironments in injured tissues,whether this approach is scalable for large tissues and whether tissue-specific bioinks with varying OMP concentrations remain printable remain *** study addresses this critical gap by introducing an innovative class of engineered oxygenated bioinks that combine colloidal-based microgels with *** report that incorporating nanosized calcium peroxide(nCaO_(2))and manganese oxide nanosheets(nMnO_(2))into hydrophobic polymeric microparticles enables precise modulation of oxygen release while controlling hydrogen peroxide ***,the fabrication of oxygenating and cytocompatible colloidal gels is achieved using an aqueous two-phase *** study thoroughly evaluates the fundamental characteristics of the resulting bioink,including its rheological behaviors,printability,shape fidelity,mechanical properties,and oxygen release ***,this study demonstrates the macroscopic scalability and cytocompatibility of printed constructs produced via cell-laden oxygenating colloidal *** showcasing the effectiveness of extrusion-based bioprinting,this study underscores how it can be used to fabricate biomimetic tissues,indicating its potential for new *** findings presented here advance the bioprinting field by achieving scalability with both high cell viability and the possibility of mimicking specifically oxygenated *** work thereby offers a promising avenue for the development of functional tissues with e

摘要：The process of wound healing is routinely evaluated by histological evaluation in the clinic,which may cause scarring and secondary *** confocal microscopy(RCM)represents a noninvasive,real-time imaging technique that allows in vivo evaluation of the *** RCM was wide-probe-based,which limited its application on uneven and covered *** this study,we report the development of a portable reflectance confocal microscope(PRCM)in which all components were assembled in a handheld *** the size and weight of the PRCM were reduced based on the use of a microelectromechanical system,the resolution was kept at 0.91μm,and the field of view of the system was 343μm×532μ*** used in vivo,the PRCM was able to visualize cellular and nuclear morphology for both mouse and human *** evaluations were then performed on wounds after topically applied mesenchymal stem cells(MSCs)or saline *** PRCM allowed visualization of the formation of collagen bundles,re-epithelization from the wound edge to the wound bed,and hair follicle regeneration,which were consistent with histological ***,we offer new insights into monitoring the effects of topically applied MSCs on the process of wound healing by using *** study illustrates that the newly developed PRCM represents a promising device for real-time,noninvasive monitoring of the dynamic process of wound healing,which demonstrates its potential to diagnose,monitor,or predict disease in clinical wound therapy.

摘要：An optimum design model has been proposed for carbon/carbon ablative property based on genetic algorithm,in which the optimum parameters are the number of woven satins,K of fiber bundles,layers per unit height,the average distance of puncture fibers in Z direction and Ply Stacking angle,and the constraint conditions are the density and diameter of carbon fibers and the density of carbon *** results demonstrate that after optimization,the overall height of the ablative carbon/carbon surface is reduced by 56.5%,the standard deviation is reduced by 34.9% and the surface roughness is reduced by 12.6%,which suggests the remarkable improvement of ablative *** present investigation can provide practical methodology for the optimum design of carbon/carbon ablative property and the development of new carbon/carbon composites.

摘要：nanomaterials 的稳定性和反应具有为他们的申请的关键重要性，但是稳定性的长期的效果和在实际条件下面的 nanomaterials 的反应仍然不是理解的井。在这研究，我们首先建立了全面策略通过一个加速的氧化过程在水的答案作为模型材料与 ultrathin 碲 nanowires TeNWs 从反应动力学的观点调查高度反应的 nanomaterial 的稳定性。这允许我们用在不同条件下面在动态氧化过程期间捕获的中间的 nanostructures 由一个化学转变过程为另外的唯一的一个维的 nanostructures 的设计和合成建议一条新途径。实质上， ultrathin TeNWs 的氧化是包含液体，气体和稳固的阶段的煤气固体的反应。在水的答案的 ultrathin TeNWs 的氧化进程能被划分成三个阶段，这被表明了，也就是，限制的氧， ultrathin TeNWs 限制和质量转移限制阶段的抵抗。为 ultrathin TeNWs 的明显的氧化动力学是近似与第一顺序反应动力学一致当模特儿并且有象 13.53 kJ 一样低的一个明显的激活精力 ? 敤 ? 楤? 敗捩?楥慬? 瑳敨楳? 畡 ? 瑥慷 ?┰瘠牥 k 吗？？

摘要：The finite element analysis (FEA) software Ansys was employed to study the stress state of the dies of both plane and non-plane parting face structures with uniform interference and the die of plane parting face structure with non-uniform interference. Considering the symmetry of the die, a half gear tooth model of the two-ring assembled die with 2.5 GPa inner pressure was constructed. Four paths were defined to investigate the stress state at the bottom corner of the die where stress concentration was serious. FEA results show that the change of parting face from non-plane to plane can greatly reduce the stress at the teeth tips of the die so that the tip fracture is avoided. The interference structure of the die is the most important influencing factor for the stress concentration at the bottom corner. When non-uniform interference is adopted the first principal stress at the corner on the defined paths of the die is much lower than that with uniform interference. The bottom hole radius is another important influencing factor for the corner stress concentration. The first principal stress at the corner of the plane parting face die with non-uniform interference is reduced from 2.3 to 1.9 GPa when the hole radius increases from 12.5 to 16.0 mm. The optimization of the die structure increases the life of the die from 100 to 6 000 hits.

摘要：Reproducibility of clinical output is important when investigating therapeutic efficacy in pre-clinical animal *** to its physiological relevance,a swine myocardial infarction(MI)model has been widely used to evaluate the effectiveness of stem cells or tissue-engineered constructs for ischemic heart *** methods are used to induce MI in the swine ***,it is difficult,using these approaches,to obtain a similar level of functional outcomes from a group of animals due to interpersonal variation,leading to increased experimental ***,in order to minimize human intervention,we developed an approach to use a customized occluder that has dimensional similarities with that of the coronary artery of animals in the case of the swine *** carried out angiography to measure the diameter of the middle left anterior descending artery of each individual animal to fabricate the customized occluder using a 3D-printing *** fabricated occluder contained a central hole smaller than that of the targeted middle left anterior descending artery to mimic an atherosclerotic coronary artery that has an approximately 20%blocked ***,the 3D-printed occluder can provide continuous blood flow through the central pore,indicating a high survival rate(88%)of up to 28 days *** method showed the possibility of creating consistent myocardial infarction induction as compared to the conventional representative closed-chest method(50%survival rate),thus highlighting how our method can have a profound effect on accelerating reliable experiments for developing new therapeutic approaches to ischemic heart diseases.

摘要：The design of compliant hinges has been extensively studied in the size and shape level in the *** paper presents a method for designing the single-axis flexure hinges in the topology *** kinds of hinges,that is,the translational hinge and the revolute hinge,are *** basic optimization models are developed for topology optimization of the translational hinge and the revolute hinge,*** objective for topology optimization of flexure hinges is to maximize the compliance in the desired direction meanwhile minimizing the compliances in the other *** constraints for accomplishing the translational and revolute requirements are *** popular Solid Isotropic Material with Penalization method is used to find the optimal flexure hinge topology within a given design *** results are performed to illustrate the validity of the proposed method.

摘要：The design and the deposition of a rugate filter for broadband applications are *** bandwidth is extended by increasing the rugate period continuously with *** width and the smoothness of the reflection band with the distribution of the periods are *** improvement of the steepness of the stopband edges and the suppression of the side lobes in the transmission zone are realized by adding two apodized rugate structures with fixed periods at the external broadband rugate filter *** rapidly alternating deposition technology is used to fabricate a rugate filter *** measured transmission spectrum with a reflection bandwidth of approximately 505 nm is close to that of the designed broadband rugate filter except a transmittance peak in the *** on the analysis of the cross-sectional scanning electron microscopic image of the sample,it is found that the transmission peak is most likely to be caused by the instability of the deposition rate.