摘要：目前,我国大部分地区的采果主要依靠人工进行,出现的各式各样的采摘机和摘果平台,虽可提高采摘效率,但基于果树种植密度较大、果实生长高度不一及大小各异的特性,使用此类采摘机和摘果平台容易造成果实损伤而影响外观品质,且采摘系统制造成本较高。也设计出各种果实机械采摘器,虽然成本得以降低,但存在携带不便、操作复杂、只局限对果树一定高度范围内的果实采摘或对果实保护度不够等问题,导致果实采摘操作不便、效率较低且采摘质量较差。笔者发明了一种便捷剪式摘果器,通过铰接杆带动摘果碗剪切刀片闭合剪断果蒂,从而实现果实的快速且安全采摘。该摘果器属纯机械设计,设计巧妙,结构简单,便携性好,操作方便快捷,成本较低,很适合在我国果实采摘领域内大面积推广应用。

摘要：Tactile display is recently attracting much attention in the field of human computer interaction. There is a strong need for such a device especially for application in which the touch feeling is lost, such as surgeons willing to feel the tissue hardness during laparoscopic surgeries. In this paper, a novel multi-modal tactile display device which can display both surface shape and stiffness of an object is introduced. The conceptual design is built upon using two springs, made of Shape Memory Alloys-SMA, to control both shape and stiffness. The design parameters of this device are selected based on the spatial resolution of human finger and the stiffness range of the soft tissue. The display device is simulated using Finite Element Method, FEM, to study the effect of design parameters on the resulting stiffness. The results showed that the device can display stiffness of an object independent of its shape display. Simulation results confirmed that the stiffness display is stable when applying force by the finger during indentation for feeling stiffness, since the total stiffness error does not exceed 1.2%.

摘要：提出一种矢量控制系统中感应电动机电流传感器故障诊断方法。建立包含扰动和传感器故障的电动机状态空间数学模型,设计一个基于电动机状态空间数学模型的扩张状态观测器,并设计一个故障估计器,用以估计故障和系统状态。通过闭环系统特征值配置和遗传优化算法搜寻闭环反馈增益矩阵的最优值,提高估计精度和鲁棒性,利用Matlab仿真模型和实时数据进行仿真验证。

摘要：公共建筑空间人员密集、人流量大,空气污染种类多并呈现非均匀动态的分布特性,给新冠肺炎疫情常态化空气安全保障带来了巨大挑战.采用过量送风不仅可能造成较大能源浪费,同时也可能导致交叉污染.从人因工程学的核心理念和基本方法出发,围绕室内空气污染水平(特别是人员散发的飞沫污染物)这一重要人因环境变量,发展了一套建筑空气环境安全运维控制系统.该系统基于室内空气污染和人员流动的动态监测,由快速预测模型以及计算机视觉处理得到室内污染与人员的非均匀动态分布,进一步通过环境控制决策系统输出最优通风参数设定,实现通风智能化调控;同时,在通风环境营造基础上构建空气净化消杀系统,对空气环境安全运维形成有力的辅助保障.最后,通过实际案例(某国际会议中心前厅)详细展示了该系统的工作流程和设计效果.设计结果显示,实施智能化通风可将人员感染风险降低至4%以内,其通风节能率可达44.9%;负氧离子的空间可达性较好且空间消杀率计算值超过99%,可进一步降低感染风险.

摘要：The typical Haber technical process for industrial NH_(3)production involves plenty of energy-consumption and large quantities of greenhouse gas *** contrast,electrochemical N_(2)reduction proffers environment-friendly and energy-efficient avenues to synthesize NH_(3)at mild conditions but demands efficient electrocatalysts for the N_(2)reduction reaction(NRR).Herein we report for the first time that commercial indium-tin oxide glass(ITO/G)can be used as a catalyst electrode toward artificial N_(2)fixation,as it demonstrates excellent selectivity at mild *** ITO/G delivers excellent NRR performance with a NH_(3)yield of 1.06×10^(-10) mol s^(-1) cm^(-2) and a faradaic efficiency of 6.17%at-0.40 V versus the reversible hydrogen electrode(RHE)in 0.5 M ***,the ITO/G also possesses good electrochemical stability and ***,the possible reaction mechanism for the NRR on the ITO catalysts was explored using first-principles calculations.

摘要：The use of carbon‐based materials is an appealing strategy to solve the issue of excessive CO_(2) emis‐*** particular,metal‐free nitrogen‐doped carbon materials(mf‐NCs)have the advantages of convenient synthesis,cost‐effectiveness,and high conductivity and are ideal electrocatalysts for the CO_(2) reduction reaction(CO_(2)RR).However,the unclear identification of the active N sites and the low intrinsic activity of mf‐NCs hinder the further development of high‐performance CO_(2)RR electrocat‐*** precise control over the synthesis of mf‐NC catalysts with well‐defined active N‐species sites is still *** this end,we adopted a facile synthesis method to construct a set of mf‐NCs as robust catalysts for CO_(2)*** resulting best‐performing catalyst obtained a Far‐adaic efficiency of CO of approximately 90%at−0.55 V(*** hydrogen electrode)and good *** electrocatalytic performance and in situ attenuated total reflectance surface‐enhanced infrared absorption spectroscopy measurements collectively revealed that graphitic and pyridinic N can synergistically adsorb CO_(2) and H_(2)O and thus promote CO_(2) activation and protonation.

摘要：As an important energy carrier in terms of carbon neutrality,green hydrogen produced by water electrolysis using renewable electricity has attracted worldwide *** polymer electrolyte water electrolyzer(PEWE)has the potential to be a mainstay in the green hydrogen market in the future because of its superior ***,the development of PEWE is constrained by the slow progress of the membrane electrode assembly(MEA),which is an essential component of PEWE and largely determines the cost and performance of the ***,the MEA must be optimized from the aspects of reducing cost and improving performance to promote the development of *** this review,we first discuss the recent progress of the materials and design strategies of MEA,including the cost,activity,and stability of catalysts,distribution and thickness of ionomers,and ion transport efficiency of ion exchange membranes(IEMs).Then,the effects of all components and interlayer interfaces on the ions,electrons,and mass transfer in MEA and,consequently,the performance of PEWE are ***,we propose perspectives on developing MEA by optimizing the catalyst activity and stability of IEM,interface contact between adjacent components,and evaluation methods of performance.

摘要：本文介绍了作者设计并实现的一个量子程序设计环境:Q|SI>.Q|SI>是基于.net语言开发的支持量子while扩展语言的平台环境,它包括了一个支持量子while语言的编译器和一套支持量子计算模拟、量子电路优化、量子程序分析和量子程序验证的工具.阐述了如何在经典计算机上通过平台的各个组件和概率算法来模拟量子行为.平台可扩展的架构允许用户在平台上自定义新的功能.同时,编译器是Q|SI>的核心,它内置的分解算法扩展了现阶段的量子硬件功能,使通用量子计算成为了可能,成为连接量子硬件和量子软件的桥梁.

摘要：For seismic design of structure and machinery, it is important to reproduce input earthquake motions that are likely to occur at a target site. Among the various methods used for generating artificial earthquake motions, the Synthesis Method of Trigonometric Function is used widely. In this method, artificial waves are reproduced by superimposing sine waves and then adding information about amplitude and phase in the frequency domain. In the Japanese architectural design code, the amplitude is standardized as the target response spectrum, and the phase can be defined by random numbers or by the phase of one observed wave. However, a random phase is distinctly different from the phase of an actual earthquake. Further, the phase of one observed wave is confined to the phase characteristic of the artificial wave of only one specific earthquake motion. In this paper, the authors introduce a new convenient method to reproduce artificial waves that not only satisfy the standardized spectrum property but also have the time-frequency characteristics of multiple observed waves. The authors show the feature of the artificial waves, discuss the merits of the method by comparing with existing methods, and report the tendencies of the non-liuear response by using simple model.

摘要：This work provides information for an optimal design of a thermochemical storage system, through a proposed mathematical model that predicts the behavior of a solar fluidized bed receiver finding the temperature and concentration profiles in transient state. The mathematical model is developed for a fluidized bed solar reactor, taking into account dynamics conditions of heating and reaction. The heating was simulated for radiated flux with a normal distribution over lateral walls and with distributed flow conditions of the focal stain. The contraction and expansion effects of the bed were involved with a two dimensional distribution. The mathematical model of a solar fluidized bed reactor involves a reversible chemistry reaction of thermal dissociation of the zinc sulfate （ZnSO4）, also the mathematical model is accomplished by a sensitivity study with regard to the gas inlet temperature and radiation flux.