摘要：Cylindrical nickel metal hydride （Ni-MH） battery with high specific volume capacity was prepared by using the oxyhydroxide Ni（OH）2 and AB5 type hydrogen storage alloy and adjusting the designing parameters of positive and negative electrodes. The oxyhydroxide Ni（OH）2 was synthesized by oxidizing spherical β-Ni（OH）2 with chemical method. The X-ray diffraction （XRD） patterns and the Fourier transform infrared （PT-IR） spectra indicated that 7-NiOOH was formed on the oxyhydroxide Ni（OH）2 powders, and some H2O molecules were inserted into their crystal lattice spacing. The battery capacity could not be improved when the oxyhydroxide Ni（OH）2 sample was directly used as the positive active materials. However, based on the conductance and residual capacity of the oxyhydroxide Ni（OH）2 powders, AA size Ni-MH battery with 2560 mA.h capacity and 407 W·h·L^-1 specific volume energy at 0.2C was obtained by using the commercial spherical β-Ni（OH）2 and AB5-type hydrogen-storage alloy powders as the active materials when 10% mass amount of the oxyhydroxide Ni（OH）2 with 2.50 valence was added to the positive active materials and subsequently the battery designing parameters were adjusted as well. The as-prepared battery showed 70% initial capacity after 80 cycles at 0.5C. The possibility for adjusting the capacity ratio of positive and negative electrodes from 1 ： 1.35 to 1 ： 1.22 was demonstrated preliminarily. It is considered the as-prepared battery can meet the requirement of some special portable electrical instruments.

摘要：T lymphocytes are crucial for antiviral responses and provide a promising repertoire for potential therapies of viral diseases such as cytomegalovirus(CMV)infection1 and the ongoing COVID-19 pandemic caused by SARS-CoV-2.^(2) CMV-related diseases occur once the host immune system is impaired or lacks a protective repertoire of virus-specific T lymphocytes.3 Adoptive transfer of T-cell receptor(TCR)-engineered T cells(TCR-Ts)provides an encouraging alternative treatment option for patients with CMV reactivation.^(4) However,generating TCR-Ts requires the identification of epitope-specific and functional TCR *** single-cell sequencing techniques open up the ability to unravel TCR repertoires,^(5 )which offers a potential opportunity to screen functional TCR pairs for TCR-T ***,we report an efficient approach that combines ex vivo CD8+T-cell stimulation with single-cell RNA and TCR V(D)J sequencing to identify CMV-specific TCRs for generating TCR-Ts.

摘要：Objective To identify patterns of hand, foot and mouth disease （HFMD） incidence in China during declining incidence periods of 2008, 2009, and 2010. Methods Reported HFMD cases over a period of 25 months were extracted from the National Disease Reporting System （NDRS） and analyzed. An interrupted time series （ITS） technique was used to detect changes in HFMD incidence rates in terms of level and slope between declining incidence periods of the three years. Results Over 3.58 million HFMD cases younger than 5 years were reported to the NDRS between May 1, 2008, and May 31, 2011. Males comprised 63.4% of the cases. ITS analyses demonstrated a significant increase in incidence rate level （P〈0.0001） when comparing the current period with the previous period. There were significant changes in declining slopes when comparing 2010 to 2009, and 2010 to 2008 （all P〈O.O05）, but not 2009 to 2008. Conclusion Incremental changes in incidence rate level during the declining incidence periods of 2009 and 2010 can potentially be attributed to a few factors. The more steeply declining slope in 2010 compared with previous years could be ascribed to the implementation of more effective interventions and preventive strategies in 2010. Further investigation is required to examine this possibility.

摘要：Currently adopted cross-linking methods in rubber industry are suffering from variable persistent issues, including the utilization of toxic curing packages, release of volatile organic compounds (VOCs) and difficulties in the recycling of end-of-life materials. It is of great importance to explore a green cross-linking strategy in the area. Herein, we report a new ‘‘green" strategy based on hydrolyzable ester cross-links for cross-linking diene-typed elastomers. As a proof of concept, a commercial carboxylated nitrile rubber (XNBR) is efficiently cross-linked by a bio-based agent, epoxidized soybean oil (ESO), without any toxic additives. ESO exhibits an excellent plasticization effect and excellent scorch safety for XNBR. The crosslinking density and mechanical properties of the ESO-cured XNBR can be manipulated in a wide range by changing simply varying the content of ESO. In addition, zinc oxide (Zn O) performs as a catalyst to accelerate the epoxide opening reaction and improve the cross-linking efficiency, serving as reinforcement points to enhance the overall mechanical properties of the ESO-cured XNBR. Furthermore, the end-oflife elastomer materials demonstrate a closed-loop recovery by selectively cleaving the ester bonds, resulting in very high recovery of the mechanical performance of the recycled composites. This strategy provides an unprecedented green avenue to cross-link diene elastomers and a cost-effective approach to further recycle the obtained cross-linked elastomers at high efficiency.

摘要：随着智能电网和能源互联网的发展,大规模实时电压/电场监测成为电力系统的迫切需求,这依赖于先进传感器件的大规模布置。电场测量在电力系统中具有重要意义。一方面,基于电场测量的电压反演可以实现高电压的非接触式测量,替代传统高压互感器,从而减少测量设备绝缘成本和安装难度;另一方面,电场测量还可以被应用于设备故障诊断、雷电预警、电磁环境测量等应用场景。传统的电场测量设备,如场磨等,往往体积大、成本高,无法大规模灵活布置。本文提出了一种静电力驱动的压阻式微型电场传感器。传感器被设计为四悬臂结构,悬臂在静电力的驱动下产生位移和应变,通过压阻材料转化为可测信号。所提出的传感器具有尺寸小、成本低、功耗低、易于批量生产的优点。同时,该传感器该具有高信噪比、高分辨率及宽电场测量范围。实验结果表明,所提出的传感器具有1.1~1100.0kV·m^(-1)的线性测量范围、112 V·m^(-1)·Hz^(-1/2)的交流电场分辨率以及496 Hz的截止频率。这一微型电场传感器将在智能电网及能源互联网中具有广泛的应用价值。

摘要：Although a great deal of studies focus on the design of flexible energy storage devices(ESDs),their mechanical behaviors under bending states are still not sufficiently investigated,and the understanding of the corresponding structural conversion therefore still lags ***,we systematically and thoroughly investigated the mechanical behaviors of flexible all-in-one ESDs under bending deformation by the finite element *** influences of thicknesses,Young’s moduli and Poisson’s ratios of electrodes and electrolyte were taken into *** and quantified results including displacement,strain energy,von Mises stress,and tensile,compressive,and interfacial shear stress are demonstrated and *** on these results,significant conclusions are drawn for the design of flexible integrated ESDs with robust mechanical *** work will provide guidance for the design of ESDs with high flexibility.

摘要：The pursuit of high-mileage models results in the recurrence of lithium metal batteries(LMBs)to researchers’***,the lithium(Li)metal anode for LMBs undergoes the uncontrollable formation of Li dendrites and infinite volume change during cycling,impeding its practical *** overcome these challenges,we developed a metal-organic framework(MOF)-derived pathway to construct lithiophilic three-dimensional(3D)skeleton using different substrates(e.g.,carbon cloth(CC)and Cu mesh)for dendrite-free lithium metal *** a typical example,the MOF-derived ZnO/nitrogen-doped carbon(NC)nanosheet-modified 3D CC was well-constructed as a lithiophilic hierarchical host(CC@ZnO/NC@Li)for molten Li *** from the lithiophilic N-functional groups and LiZn alloy,the synthesized CC@ZnO/NC@Li composite anode promoted the uniform distribution of Li,resulting in a dendrite-free ***,the 3D conductive carbon skeleton enhanced the reaction kinetics and buffered the volume change of the *** CC@ZnO/NC@Li composite anode presented a prolonged lifespan of over 1000 cycles at 5 mA cm^(−2) with a low overpotential of 19 *** with a LiFePO_(4) cathode,the CC@ZnO/NC@Li composite anode also exhibited superior electrochemical properties in the full-cell *** versatile strategy may open up the channel of designing multi-functional lithiophilic 3D hosts for the Li metal anode.

摘要：The Reynolds stress model(RSM)outperforms the eddy viscosity model(EVM)when simulating complex flows and has increased demand for high-order ***,the complexity of the RSM equations results in poor numerical stability and weak convergence *** of the reasons is that the properties of Reynolds stresses are not fully considered in the design of the numerical *** response to this issue,this study develops an adaptive algorithm to adjustε_(β)values(an empirical parameter in nonlinear weights)according to the magnitude and smoothness of the Reynolds *** algorithm is introduced into the fifth-order weighted compact nonlinear scheme(WCNS)and is applied to the high-order discretization of the *** aeronautic test cases are simulated to investigate the performance of the *** numerical results show that,the adaptive algorithm can reduce the residual by up to 3 orders of magnitude and predict the correct weights for gradient *** results confirm that the application of theε_(β)-adaptive algorithm to the high-order discretization of the RSM is beneficial both for enhancing convergence and improving resolution.

摘要：Using halide perovskite nanomaterials for solarto-fuel conversion has recently attracted a lot of attention due to their excellent photoelectric ***,severe photogenerated charge carrier recombinations and poor reaction kinetics greatly restrict their photocatalytic *** this study,a ternary WO_(3)/CsPbBr_(3)/ZIF-67 heterostructure was designed for efficient CO_(2) *** results indicate that the Z-scheme charge transfer pathway constructed between WO_(3)and CsPbBr_(3)ensures the effective transfer and separation of photogenerated charge ***,the subsequent surface modification of zeolitic imidazolate frameworks(ZIF-67)with active Co centers further benefits CO_(2)adsorption and ***,the synergistic effects of charge separation and CO_(2)uptake greatly promote the photocatalytic *** optimal WO_(3)/CsPbBr_(3)/ZIF-67 heterostructure yields a CO production of 99.38μmol g^(−1)in 3 h,which is 6.8 times of that produced by CsPbBr_(3).This work will inspire new insights in developing efficient photocatalysts for CO_(2)reduction and even more challenging photocatalytic reactions by elaborately regulating the functional ingredient.

摘要：Experiments were designed to expose the filter-feeding bivalve Perna viridis to different Cd-contaminated water environments in order to compare the different pathways through which Cd is accumulated. Results show that mussels can accumulate Cd through seawater, food, sediment and suspended particle pathways in a short period of time. Mussels＇ uptake of Cd through the seawater pathway reaches the highest concentration approximately 3 and 9 times larger than through the algae and sediment pathways respectively after 7 d. This indicates that the Cd-accumulation through seawater is most efficient. Results also indicate that the uptake directly through contaminated algae, particles or sediments ingested by mussels is less important when compared with the uptake of Cd by mussels through the seawater pathway. Metal uptake pathways and mechanisms of bioaccumulation by marine bivalve are also discussed in this paper.