摘要：The finite element analysis (FEA) software Ansys was employed to study the stress state of the dies of both plane and non-plane parting face structures with uniform interference and the die of plane parting face structure with non-uniform interference. Considering the symmetry of the die, a half gear tooth model of the two-ring assembled die with 2.5 GPa inner pressure was constructed. Four paths were defined to investigate the stress state at the bottom corner of the die where stress concentration was serious. FEA results show that the change of parting face from non-plane to plane can greatly reduce the stress at the teeth tips of the die so that the tip fracture is avoided. The interference structure of the die is the most important influencing factor for the stress concentration at the bottom corner. When non-uniform interference is adopted the first principal stress at the corner on the defined paths of the die is much lower than that with uniform interference. The bottom hole radius is another important influencing factor for the corner stress concentration. The first principal stress at the corner of the plane parting face die with non-uniform interference is reduced from 2.3 to 1.9 GPa when the hole radius increases from 12.5 to 16.0 mm. The optimization of the die structure increases the life of the die from 100 to 6 000 hits.

摘要：Engineering designs for mountainous highways emphasize compliance checking to ensure safety. However, relying solely on compliance checking may lead designers to minimize costs at the expense of high risk indicators, since the overall risk level of the highway design is unknown to the designers. This paper describes a method for the simultaneous consideration of traffic safety risks and the associated cost burden related to the appropriate planning and design of a mountainous highway. The method can be carried out in four steps: First, the highway design is represented by a new parametric framework to extract the key design variables that affect not only the life-cycle cost but also the operational safety. Second, the relationship between the life-cycle cost and the operational safety risk factors is established in the cost-estimation functions. Third, a fault tree analysis (FTA) is introduced to identify the traffic risk factors from the design variables. The safety performance of the design solutions is also assessed by the generalized linear-regression model. Fourth, a theory of acceptable risk analysis is introduced to the traffic safety assessment, and a computing algorithm is proposed to solve for a cost-efficient optimal solution within the range of acceptable risk, in order to help decision-makers. This approach was applied and examined in the Sichuan–Tibet Highway engineering project, which is located in a complex area with a large elevation gradient and a wide range of mountains. The experimental results show that the proposed approach significantly improved both the safety and cost performance of the project in the study area.

摘要：A high-precision wavelength controller is presented in this paper. It is necessary to find out the difference between the central wavelength of a tunable fiber Fabry-Perot (FFP) filter and that of the input laser, while the wavelength control-ler operates at the states of wavelength-scanning and wavelength-locking modes. Firstly, a dynamic simulation model of tunable FFP filter is established, and the dynamic characteristic of tunable FFP filter modulated by an alternating current (AC) signal is simulated. Then the measuring time at wavelength-scanning mode compared with the theory time is discussed, and this time difference shows the difference between the central wavelength of a tunable FFP filter and that of the input laser. At last, the effects on wavelength-locking precision of time delays, including the time delay of opened-loop circuit, the time constant of the closed-loop circuit and the intrinsic hysteresis of piezoelectric (PZT) element, are analyzed. A wavelength controller of tunable FFP filter is designed and prepared. The experimental results at wavelength-locking mode show that a high locking precision is obtained.

摘要：Water soluble core has been widely used in manufacturing complex metal components with hollow configurations or internal channels;however,the soluble core can absorb water easily from the air at room *** improve the humidity resistance of the water soluble core and optimize the process parameters applied in manufacturing of the water soluble core,a precipitation method and a two-level-three-full factorial central composite design were used,*** properties of the cores treated by the precipitation method were compared with that without any *** a systematical study by means of both an environmental scanning electron microscope(ESEM) and an energy dispersive X-ray(EDX) analyzer,the results indicate that the hygroscopicity can be reduced by 20% and the obtained optimal process conditions for three critical control factors affecting the hygroscopicity are 0.2 g·mL-1 calcium chloride concentration,4% water concentration and 0 min ignition *** porous surface coated by calcium chloride and the high humidity resistance products generated in the precipitation reaction between calcium chloride and potassium carbonate may contribute to the lower hygroscopicity.

摘要：我们表明 ultras 的形成有在两倍量井(SDQW ) 结构由使用仅仅低紧张的搏动的激光放射基于 intersubband 转移的一个不对称的半导体的一个四水平的计划的低黑暗光 solitons。与适当条件，我们数字地证明黑暗光 soliton 能与 ultras 旅行低组速度 V g /c ~ 10 −3 。因为它的灵活设计和可控制的干扰力量，如此的一个半导体系统是比它的原子对应物更实际的。在 SDQW 的这个非线性的光过程固态材料可以被用于光延期线和光缓冲区的控制技术。

摘要：Cell migration is facilitated by the interaction of living cells and their local *** local topography is one of the key factors regulating cell *** between the surface topography and the cell behaviors is critical to understanding tissue development and *** this study,a dynamic mask photolithography technique has been utilized to fabricate a surface with graded *** has been demonstrated that the cells have been successfully guided to migrate from the sparse zone to the dense *** cell polarization angle has been characterized in both sparse zone and the dense *** to the dense zone,the cells in the sparse zone are more aligned along the direction of the micropillar spacing gradient,which enables the guided cell ***,the effects of the micropillar spacing gradient,micropillar diameter,and micropillar height have been investigated in terms of the cell migration speed and cell spreading ***,two issues significantly affecting the cell migration have been discussed:trapped cells between the micropillars and cell clusters.

摘要：缩小的扁平的板的一个全面二维的数字模型毛状的抽的环( CPL )蒸发器被开发在多孔的灯芯结构描述液体和蒸汽流动，热转移和阶段变化，在赔偿洞的液体流动和热转移和在蒸汽沟和金属性的墙的热转移。全部蒸发器作为一个 conjugate 问题与简单算法被解决。缩小的扁平的板 CPL 蒸发器的表演上的金属性的方面墙的热传导的效果被分析，并且站在一起墙效果热转移限制被介绍估计蒸发器的表演。在灯芯内的蒸汽液体接口的形状和地点被计算，蒸发器表演上的应用的热流动，使过冷的液体，灯芯材料和金属性的墙材料的影响详细被调查。获得的数字结果为缩小的扁平的板蒸发器表演优化和 CPL 的设计是有用的。

摘要：数字图象操作技术的一个即时系统被采用检查设计结构的动态排水量。首先， CCD 光导摄象管瞄准固定的点。结构上的固定的点的图象被收集卡片的一幅图画聚集。由用一个自我规划的软件处理图画，刻度设备的即时空间坐标能被获得。最后，数据被处理得到运动曲线，并且动态排水量被执行。系统被用于高电压糖衣导体的测试。结果显示流售票员的冰的动态数据包括跳的振幅，排水量时间曲线和变细过程。

摘要：This paper presented a control design methodology for a proton exchange membrane fuel cell (PEMFC) generation system for residential applications. The dynamic behavior of the generation system is complex in such applications. A comprehensive control design is very important for achieving a steady system operation and efficiency. The control strategy for a 60 kW generation system was proposed and tested based on the system dynamic model. A two-variable single neuron proportional-integral (PI) decoupling controller was developed for anode pressure and humidity by adjusting the hydrogen flow and water injection. A similar controller was developed for cathode pressure and humidity by adjusting the exhaust flow and water injection. The desired oxygen excess ratio was kept by a feedback controller based on the load current. An optimal seeking controller was used to trace the unique optimal power point. Two negative feedback controllers were used to provide AC power and a suitable voltage for residential loads by a power conditioning unit. Control simulation tests showed that 60 kW PEMFC generation system responded well for computer-simulated step changes in the load power demand. This control methodology for a 60 kW PEMFC generation system would be a competitive solution for system level designs such as parameter design, performance analysis, and online optimization.

摘要：An energy-storage system comprised of lithium-ion battery modules is considered to be a core component of new energy vehicles,as it provides the main power source for the transmission ***,manufacturing defects in battery modules lead to variations in performance among the cells used in series or parallel *** variation results in incomplete charge and discharge of batteries and non-uniform temperature distribution,which further lead to reduction of cycle life and battery capacity over *** solve this problem,this work uses experimental and numerical methods to conduct a comprehensive investigation on the clustering of battery cells with similar performance in order to produce a battery module with improved electrochemical *** were first performed by dismantling battery modules for the measurement of performance *** kmeans clustering and support vector clustering(SVC)algorithms were then employed to produce battery modules composed of 12 cells *** verification of the results obtained from the clustering analysis was performed by measuring the temperature rise in the cells over a certain period,while air cooling was *** was found that the SVC-clustered battery module in Category 3 exhibited the best performance,with a maximum observed temperature of 32℃.By contrast,the maximum observed temperatures of the other battery modules were higher,at 40℃for Category 1(manufacturer),36℃for Category 2(manufacturer),and 35℃for Category 4(k-means-clustered battery module).