摘要：This paper presents a case study on structure design and establishment of database application system for alien species in Shandong Province, integrating with Geographic Information System, computer network, and database technology to the research of alien species. The modules of alien species database, including classified data input, statistics and analysis, species pictures and distribution maps, and out date input, were approached by Visual *** 2003 and Microsoft SQL server 2000. The alien species information contains the information of classification, species distinction characteristics, biological characteristics, original area, distribution area, the entering fashion and route, invasion time, invasion reason, interaction with the endemic species, growth state, danger state and spatial information, i.e. distribution map. Based on the above bases, several models including application, checking, modifying, printing, adding and returning models were developed. Furthermore, through the establishment of index tables and index maps, we can also spatially query the data like picture, text and GIS map data. This research established the technological platform of sharing information about scientific resource of alien species in Shandong Province, offering the basis for the dynamic inquiry of alien species, the warning technology of prevention and the fast reaction system. The database application system possessed the principles of good practicability, friendly user interface and convenient usage. It can supply full and accurate information inquiry services of alien species for the users and provide functions of dynamically managing the database for the administrator.

摘要：本文系统而扼要地论述了在自然资源保护和经济持续发展中,生态学方面的先决条件。人类活动造成了环境的日益恶化,并威胁着生物圈。第三世界国家必须发展经济,否则,贫穷、饥饿和疾病将危及整个民族的生存,现行的环境持续发展的概念也许只是掩饰矛盾而并不现实。因此必须用新的战略决策使经济增长居于稳定的生态环境之中。如果把生态学原理、方法和现有的知识有效地贯彻到经济计划中,经济的持续发展就会变成现实。发展中国家试图取得经济的持续发展,必须注意以下10个必要生态条件:1.信息的传播。信息传播包括环境科学专业化训练、公众环境知识教育及有关发展计划和决策的生态学概念的诸多内容。应让决策者了解生态学理论基础;2.讲习生态系统知识。制定经济发展计划时必须认清生态系统内部、生态系统之间的相互作用,建立生态系统的概念模型以说明生态系统各组分之间的相互依赖关系;3.必须认识到生态、经济、政治和社会系统间的相互联系,人类及其社会系统是关键所在;4.设计生态系统的经济模型,为决策者提供自然资源的有关信息;5.使自然资源从消耗性利用向非消耗性利用转变;6.加强和下放权力,强制执行环境政策和法规;7.简化有关环境法规,开明地应用环境评价方法。政策与法规不应当超出政府的能力范围,并考虑?