摘要：In this work we used CdS NWs(nanowires)with vanadium carbide(VC)attached via facile electrostatic self‐assembly and calcination *** results showed that compared to pristine CdS NWs,the photocatalytic activity of CdS NWs loaded with the particular amount of VC was dramatically *** them,the VC/CS‐15 indicated the highest enhancement for simultaneous production of H2 with selective oxidation of benzyl alcohol(BO)into benzaldehyde(BD).The highest hydrogen evolution rate of 20.5 mmol g^(-1)h^(-1)was obtained with more than 99%selectivity for BD production under visible light(λ˃420 nm)irradiation for 2 h,which was almost 661 times higher than the pristine CdS *** enhancement of photocatalytic activity is due to the VC,which provides a favorable attraction for BO by lowering the zeta potential,along with the active site for hydrogen production,and retard the recombination of electron‐hole pairs by increasing the conductivity of the ***,the apparent quantum efficiency(AQE)of VC/CS‐15 for BD and H_(2)production at monochromatic 420 nm is about 7.5%.At the end of the hydrogen evolution test,the selective oxidation with more than 99%selectivity was *** hopes this work will prove its future significance and move scientific community toward a more economical way for achieving the commercialization of H_(2) by photocatalysis.

摘要：开发高熵硼化物材料的功能特性对于拓宽其在极端环境中的潜在应用至关重要.为此,本文通过调控材料的组分开发出具有高效催化性能的高熵二硼化物(HEB_(2))纳米颗粒:首先基于对HEB_(2)的尺寸差异因子、混合焓以及体系自蔓延燃烧模式的理论分析,我们采用一种简便、快速、低成本的燃烧合成方法合成了6种不同组分的HEB_(2)纳米颗粒;然后,通过对材料的组分进行调控实现了HEB_(2)纳米颗粒活化过硫酸盐降解抗生素的高效催化能力(四环素的最高去除效率可达93.5%).不同吸附位点的吸附能和差分电荷密度的第一性原理计算结果进一步证实了HEB_(2)优异的催化性能主要归因于Ti组元,而非高熵效应.此外,基于检测到的活性氧和计算的反应能垒,我们提出了HEB_(2)活化过硫酸盐降解抗生素的潜在催化机理.本研究不仅为HEB_(2)高效催化降解抗生素的组分设计提供了理论依据,而且显示出HEB_(2)在去除自然水体中新污染物方面的潜在应用前景.

摘要：Catalytic hydrogenation is a vital industrial means to produce value-added fuels and fine chemicals,however, requiring highly efficient catalysts, especially the nonprecious ones. To date, the majority of high-performance industrial hydrogenation catalysts are made of precious metals-based materials, and any given catalyst could only be used to catalyze one or few specific reactions. Herein, we exemplify a crystal phase engineering approach to empower Ni nanoparticles(NPs) with superb intrinsic catalytic activities toward a wide spectrum of hydrogenation reactions. A facile pyrolysis approach is used to directly convert a Ni-imidazole MOF precursor into hexagonal close-packed(hcp)-phased Ni NPs on carbon support. The as-synthesized hcp-phased Ni NPs exhibit unprecedented hydrogenation catalytic activities in pure water towards nitro-, aldehyde-, ketone-, alkene-and N heterocyclic-compounds, outperforming the face-centered cubic(fcc)-Ni counterpart and the reported transition metalsbased catalysts. The density functional theory calculations unveil that the presence of hcp-Ni boosts the intrinsic catalytic hydrogenation activity by coherently enhancing the substrate adsorption strength and lowering the reaction barrier energy of the rate-determining step. We anticipate that the crystal phase engineering design approach unveiled in this work would be adoptable to other types of reactions.

摘要：Yantian District in Shenzhen is a water deficient area. Water shortage has become a major obstacle to its further economic progress. Consequently, rational exploitation of nontraditional water resources(NWR)has been naturally adopted to increase local available water volume. The purpose of this paper is to analyse the exploitation of two kinds of NWR, namely wastewater reuse and seawater utilization, in Yantian District, and assess the contribution of each mode to deal with the water crisis. Two different nontraditional water supply systems respectively based on the reclaimed water and sea water were presented, and the effects of each system were evaluated in terms of technology, economy and environment. The result shows that both wastewater reclamation and reuse (WRR) and direct utilization of seawater (DUS) are of great importance to cope with the tight water resource situation in the district. The data indicate that the fresh water saved by WRR system and DUS system is 29 and 17 million m3/a respectively. Moreover, the BOD, COD, NH3-N and T-P reduced by the WRR system are 870, 2900, 725 and 87 t/a, respectively. Considering the integrated effectiveness, the development of WRR system, which is of specific significance to exploiting new water resource and save natural fresh water supplied from distant water diversion project, is the preferred methods used to solve the water shortage problem in Yantian District and recover the water environment as well as maintain the sustainable development of the city zone.

摘要：Since the start of the Precision Medicine Initiative by the United States of America in 2015,interest in personalized medicine has grown *** short,personalized medicine is a term that describes medical treatment that is tuned to the *** possible way to realize personalized medicine is 3D *** using materials that can be tuned upon stimulation,4D printing is *** recent years,many studies have been exploring a new field that combines 3D and 4D printing with *** has resulted in many concepts of pharmaceutical devices and formulations that can be printed and,possibly,tailored to an ***,the first 3D printed drug,Spritam®,has already found its way to the *** review gives an overview of various 3D and 4D printing techniques and their applications in the pharmaceutical field as drug delivery systems and personalized medicine.

摘要：Cobalt nanoparticles(NPs)catalysts are extensively used in heterogeneous catalytic reactions,and the addition of alkali metal promoters is a common method to modulate the catalytic performance because the catalyst's surface structures and morphologies are sensitive to the addition of ***,the underlying modulation trend remains ***,the adsorption of alkali metal promoters(Na and K)on the surfaces of face-centered-cubic(FCC)and hexagonal-closest packed(HCP)polymorphous cobalt was systematically investigated using density functional ***,the effect of alkali promoters on surface energies and nanoparticle morphologies was revealed on the basis of Wulff *** FCC-Co,the exposed area of the(111)facet in the nanoparticle increases with the adsorption coverage of alkali metal ***,the(311),(110),and(100)facets would disappear under the higher adsorption coverage of alkali *** HCPCo,the Wulff morphology is dominated by the(0001)and(1011)facets and is independent of the alkali metal adsorption *** work provides insights into morphology modulation by alkali metal promoters for the rational design and synthesis of cobalt-based nanomaterials with desired facets and morphologies.

摘要：Due to their unique surface chemistry,highly adjustable metal components,hydrophilicity,and high carrier concentrations,MXenes are applied in a variety of *** to other two-dimensional(2D)materials,building heterostructures with additional materials to form a 3D porous architecture for MXenes can significantly enhance their functionality and ***,the open structures and well-defined pathways of these 3D structured MXenes can improve ionic and electronic transport,thereby promoting their applications in electrochemical energy storage,sensing,catalysis,and *** this review,the recent efforts made on preparing 3D porous MXenes with heterostructures,focusing on MXenes/C,MXenes/inorganics,and MXenes/polymers were *** discussion covers aspects ranging from the design to synthesis of 3D porous MXenes,and their applications in photocatalysis,environmental monitoring and electrochemical energy *** review is concluded by presenting the prospects and insights on exploring the relationships between the porosity formation mechanisms,properties and applications of the 3D porous MXenes *** review can provide meaningful guidance for the design,fabrication and application of 3D porous MXenes in high-performance materials and devices.

摘要：The metallurgical properties of the CaO–SiO_(2)–Al_(2)O_(3)–4.6wt%Mg O–Fe_(2)O_(3)slag system,formed by the co-treatment process of spent automotive catalyst(SAC)and copper-bearing electroplating sludge(CBES),were studied systematically in this *** slag structure,melting temperature,and viscous characteristics were investigated by Fourier transform infrared(FTIR)spectroscopy,Raman spectroscopy,Fact Sage calculation,and viscosity *** results show that the increase of Fe_(2)O_(3)content(3.8wt%–16.6wt%),the mass ratio of CaO/SiO_(2)(m(CaO)/m(SiO_(2)),0.5–1.3),and the mass ratio of SiO_(2)/Al_(2)O_(3)(m(SiO_(2))/m(Al_(2)O_(3)),1.0–5.0)can promote the depolymerization of silicate network,and the presence of a large amount of Fe_(2)O_(3)in form of tetrahedral and octahedral units ensures the charge compensation of Al^(3+)ions and makes Al_(2)O_(3)only behave as an acid *** calculation and viscosity measurements show that with the increase of Fe_(2)O_(3)content,m(Ca O)/m(SiO_(2)),and m(SiO_(2))/m(Al_(2)O_(3)),the depolymerization of silicate network structure and low-melting-point phase transformation first occur within the slag,leading to the decrease in melting point and viscosity of the slag,while further increase causes the formation of high-melting-point phase and a resultant re-increase in viscosity and melting *** on experimental analysis,the preferred slag composition with low polymerization degree,viscosity,and melting point is as follows:Fe_(2)O_(3)content of 10.2wt%–13.4wt%,m(CaO)/m(SiO_(2))of 0.7–0.9 and m(SiO_(2))/m(Al_(2)O_(3))of 3.0–*** work provides a theoretical support for slag design in co-smelting process of SAC and CBES.

摘要：Inspired by MXene nanosheets and their regulation of surface functional groups,a series of Ti_(2)C‐based single‐atom electrocatalysts(TM@Ti_(2)CT_(x),TM=V,Cr,Mn,Fe,Co,and Ni)with two dif‐ferent functional groups(T=–O and–S)was *** CO_(2)RR catalytic performance was stud‐ied using well‐defined ab initio *** results show that the CO_(2) molecule can be more readily activated on TM@Ti_(2)CO_(2) than the TM@Ti_(2)CS_(2) *** charge analysis reveals that the Ti_(2)CO_(2) substrate is involved in the adsorption reaction,and enough electrons are injected into the 2π*u orbital of CO_(2),leading to a V‐shaped CO_(2) molecular configuration and partial negative charge *** V‐shaped CO_(2) further reduces the difficulty of the first hydrogenation reac‐tion *** calculatedΔG of the first hydrogenation reaction on TM@Ti_(2)CO_(2) was significantly lower than that of the TM@Ti_(2)CS_(2) ***,the subsequent CO_(2) reduction pathways show that the UL of the potential determining step on TM@Ti_(2)CS_(2) is smaller than that of TM@Ti_(2)CO_(2).Combining the advantages of both TM@Ti_(2)CS_(2) and TM@Ti_(2)CO_(2),we designed a mixed functional group surface with–O and–S to anchor TM *** results show that Cr atoms an‐chored on the surface of mixed functional groups exhibit high catalytic activity for the selective production of *** study opens an exciting new avenue for the rational design of highly selec‐tive MXene‐based single‐atom CO_(2)RR electrocatalysts.

摘要：Conjugated covalent organic frameworks(COFs)hold great promise in photocatalytic hydrogen evolution owing to their high crystallinity,large surface area,and distinct ***,COFs exhibit poor charge ***,investigating highly effective COF-based photocatalysts is *** the first time,conjugated COF/perylene diimide urea polymer(PUP)all-organic heterostructure with S-scheme interfacial charge-transfer channels was successfully developed and manufactured via in situ coupling of the two-dimensional triazine-based imine-linked COF(denoted as TATF-COF)with *** optimal photocatalytic hydrogen-evolution rate of 94.5 mmol h^(-1) g^(-1) for TATF-COF/PUP is 3.5 times that of pure TATF-COF and is comparable to or even higher than that of the previously reported COF-based photocatalysts,resulting in an apparent quantum efficiency of up to 19.7%at 420 *** improved directional S-scheme charge transfer driven by the tuned built-in electric field and enhanced oxidation and reduction reaction rates of the photogenerated carriers contribute synergistically to the boosted photocatalytic H_(2) *** and theoretical studies reveal plausible H_(2) evolution and spatial S-scheme charge-separation mechanisms under visible-light *** study provides advanced methods for constructing all-organic S-scheme high-efficiency photocatalysts by the modulation of band structures.