摘要：磁场触发的催化剂轨道电子自旋排列已成为促进析氧反应的一种有趣而可行的策略.然而,具有强d-d库仑相互作用的高熵合金(HEAs)催化剂中的磁场增强机制尚未得到充分挖掘.在此,我们设计了具有优异软磁性的高熵合金金属片,在微小磁场下表现出显著的磁场增强催化作用,其磁导率可作为评估磁场增强的描述因子.具体地,仅施加50 mT的磁场,(FeCoNi)_(82.5)Cr_(17.5)HEAs的过电位下降就超过了36mV@10 mA cm^(-2).此外,过电位的降低与HEA的磁导率呈线性关系.原位拉曼光谱与理论计算结果表明,施加磁场可显著提高自旋密度,改善催化剂的3d电子与*O自由基的2p轨道之间的自旋相互作用,从而有效降低速率决定步骤(*O→*OOH)的能量障碍,进而促进O-O的形成.

摘要：Semiconductor heterostructures mediated by electrical conductors are very promising for Z-scheme photocatalytic water *** contrast to conventional particulate heterostructures,alternate TiO_(2)and Cu_(2)O film stripes patterned parallel on a fluorine-doped tin oxide(FTO) conductive substrate was fabricated as a model film photocatalyst to study the characteristics of the photogenerated charge transfer *** Z-scheme transfer process with an effective transport distance of up to 5 μm occurs only in regions distant from the TiO_(2)/Cu_(2)O strip edges through the FTO substrate from the *** contrast,the transfer of charge around their contact regions follows the conventional transfer process through the TiO_(2)/Cu_(2)O strip *** results indicate that the Z-scheme transfer process occurring in such a large region dominates the charge transfer processes in the TiO_(2)/FTO/Cu_(2)O pattern film ***,unlike the single component film,which is inactive for photocatalytic overall water splitting,the modified TiO_(2)/Cu_(2)O pattern film can induce photocatalytic overall water splitting at a stoichiometric H_(2)/O_(2) ratio close to 2:*** findings have significant implications in designing efficient heterostructures by employing a Z-scheme charge transfer process.

摘要：As an important energy carrier in terms of carbon neutrality,green hydrogen produced by water electrolysis using renewable electricity has attracted worldwide *** polymer electrolyte water electrolyzer(PEWE)has the potential to be a mainstay in the green hydrogen market in the future because of its superior ***,the development of PEWE is constrained by the slow progress of the membrane electrode assembly(MEA),which is an essential component of PEWE and largely determines the cost and performance of the ***,the MEA must be optimized from the aspects of reducing cost and improving performance to promote the development of *** this review,we first discuss the recent progress of the materials and design strategies of MEA,including the cost,activity,and stability of catalysts,distribution and thickness of ionomers,and ion transport efficiency of ion exchange membranes(IEMs).Then,the effects of all components and interlayer interfaces on the ions,electrons,and mass transfer in MEA and,consequently,the performance of PEWE are ***,we propose perspectives on developing MEA by optimizing the catalyst activity and stability of IEM,interface contact between adjacent components,and evaluation methods of performance.