摘要：Continuous Bi profile of the East Rongbuk(ER) ice core near *** reveals nine major volcanic events since AD *** with Volcanic Explosivity Index(VEI),it shows that the concentrations of Bi in the ER ice core can reflect the major volcanic events within the key *** provides a good horizon layer for ice core dating,as well as a basis for reconstructing a long sequence of volcanic records from the Qinghai-Xizang(Tibet) plateau ice cores.

摘要：epartment of Wood Science, University of Hamburg, Hamburg D-21031, GermanyBased on three Chinese pine (Pinus tabulaeformis Carr.) and one Meyer spruce (Picea meyeri Rehd. et Wils.) ring-width chronologies, a 163-year drought history was reconstructed in the eastern Ortindag Sand Land. All tree-ring chronologies show large inter-annual variations and strong common signals and fairly consistent variation between different chronologies, indicating that they are excellent proxy of regional climate. A regional chronology (RC) was established by averaging the four standard chronologies and further employed for the analysis and climatic reconstruction. The analysis revealed that tree growth is primarily limited by low precipitation in February-March and June-July and high temperature in May-July. In addition, RC has high correlations with the monthly Palmer drought severity index (PDSI) prior to and during the growing season because the PDSI considers the accumulation of the droughts. Response function analysis revealed that RC only exhibits significant correlations with the PDSI in June and July (close to the 95% significance level in May). Because May―July is a critical period for tree growth, the average May-July PDSI (PDSI5-7) was reconstructed back to 1842 using RC in the Ortindag Sand Land. The reconstruction can explain 52% of the PDSI variance and the equation was rather stable over time. It agrees well with the variation of the average dryness/wetness indices in North China,and captures the decline process of the East Asian summer monsoon since the mid-1960s. It is worth noting that the Ortindag Sand Land has experienced the most severe drought in the recent 40 years based on the 163-year drought reconstruction. Like summer precipitation in North China the reconstructed PDSI5-7 also displays a 20-year oscillation.

摘要：Sedimentary pigments are useful proxy indicators of phytoplankton biomass, community structure, primary productivity and human influence in lacustrine and oceanic ecosystems. Pigments are relatively labile due to their complex chemical structures, which makes the extraction and analysis of sedimentary pigments challenging. In addition, it is important to select appropriate methods to study sedimentary pigments in regions which lack previous investigations. In this study, we adopted the L9（34） orthogonal design to develop methods of extraction and HPLC （high performance liquid chromatography） analysis of sedimentary pigments at two lakes on the tibetan plateau： meromictic lake-Dagze Co and dimictic lake-Jiang Co. The orthogonal design comprises 9 combinations of various parameters for extraction and HPLC analysis. The results show that the type and volume of solvent are the most important factors for pigment extraction, and the mobile phase and column selection are the most important for HPLC analysis. For the study sites, we found that the best methods to extract sedimentary pigments are as follows： the use of a mixture of acetone：methanol：water （80： 15：5, v：v：v） as the extraction solvent; sol- vent/sample ratio of 10 mL/g; sonication for 30 s and standing extraction for 6 h. The best methods for HPLC analysis are as follows： Zorbax Eclipse plus C8 column with mobile phase A, methanol：acetonitrile：0.25 M aqueous pyridine （50： 25：25, v ： v ： v） and mobile phase B, methanol： acetonitrile： acetone （20： 60： 20, v： v： v）; pH of mobile phase A adjusted to 6 with acetic acid; and HPLC column temperature maintained at 40~C. The study provides an experimental basis for future investigations of past changes in primary productivity and the response of lake ecosystems to climate change and human activities on the tibetan plateau.

摘要：Inhibition of VEGFR-2 signaling pathway is one of the most promising approaches for the treatment of cancer. In this paper, we reported the design, synthesis, and biological evaluation of a series of biphenylurea derivatives as VEGFR-2 inhibitors. Among these compounds, 39 exhibited potent inhibitory activity against VEGFR-2 both in vitro and in vivo. The antiangiogenesis activity of 39 was further confirmed by both tube formation assay and chick chorioallantoic membrane assay.

摘要：Inhibition of VEGFR-2 signaling pathway has already become one of the most promising approaches for the treatment of *** this study,we describe the design,synthesis,and biological evaluation of a series of O-linked indoles as potent inhibitors of *** these compounds,18 showed significant anti-angiogenesis activities via VEGFR-2 in enzymatic proliferation assays,with IC50 value of3.8 nmol/L Kinase selectivity profiling revealed that 18 was a multitargeted inhibitor,and it also exhibited good potency against VEGFR-1,PDCFR-α and β.

摘要：精准估算陆地生态系统碳汇对中国制定碳减排措施、实现碳中和目标有重要科学支撑作用.大气反演方法基于大气二氧化碳浓度观测数据,可有效估算地面二氧化碳通量的时空分布.目前中国陆地生态系统碳汇的大气反演估算仍有巨大不确定性,其中一个重要瓶颈在于缺乏足够的二氧化碳观测站点.本文研发了针对中国区域的大气反演框架,提出了二氧化碳观测网络的站点布设方案以最大程度降低中国陆地碳汇反演估算的不确定性.研究表明,在现有站点基础上,亟需在生长季植被生产力较高的东南、东北、华北和青藏高原地区增设二氧化碳观测站点.若在中国建设30个大气二氧化碳观测站点可将碳汇估算不确定性从每年10亿吨碳降低至3亿吨碳;建设60个站点可将不确定性进一步降低至每年2亿吨碳.这些站点将是“天-空-地”综合碳观测系统的重要组成部分,服务于中国二氧化碳收支反演和精准核算.

摘要：Ski tourism is extremely sensitive to climate change and is also heavily affected by socioeconomic *** some ski areas arestill profitable under current climate and socioeconomic conditions,they will become difficult to operate in the face of rising winter temper-atures,which will result in further economic losses,resource waste and environmental *** study projects variability in the suitability ofski area development across China in the coming *** suitability under three representative concentration pathway emission sce-narios(RCP2.6,RCP4.5 and RCP8.5),socioeconomic suitability under four shared socioeconomic pathways(SSP1,SSP2,SSP3,and SSP5)andintegrated suitability under four climatic-socioeconomic scenarios(RCP2.6-SSP1,RCP4.5-SSP2,RCP8.5-SSP3,and RCP8.5-SSP5)are ***,the suitability of 731 existing ski areas in China is *** results show a substantial decline in integrated suitabilityfor most regions of China except for some very cold areas,where higher air temperatures will make visitors feel more comfortable and therelatively poor socioeconomic conditions will improve in the 2030s,2050s and *** average higher integrated suitability area(integratedsuitability values greater than 0.5)under four climatic-socioeconomic scenarios decreases from the current 29.9%e14.4%,5.0%and 4.5%bythe 2030s,2050s and 2090s,*** RCP2.6-SSP1,the higher integrated suitability area is projected to decrease from the current28.0%e5.2%by the 2050s and then increase to 5.3%by the *** RCP4.5-SSP2,RCP8.5-SSP3,and RCP8.5-SSP5,the higher inte-grated suitability area is projected to continuously decrease from 30.3%,30.6%and 30.6%in the 2010s to 4.1%,4.4%and 4.4%in the 2090s,*** the 2090s,41,138 and 277 existing ski areas are projected to be closed under RCP2.6-SSP1,RCP4.5-SSP2,and RCP8.5-SSP3/RCP8.5-SSP5,*** is clear that emission pathways and climate change adaptation and mitigation

摘要：At Quesang on the tibetan plateau we report a series of hand and foot impressions that appear to have been intentionally placed on the surface of a unit of soft *** travertine was deposited by water from a hot spring which is now inactive and as the travertine lithified it preserved the *** the basis of the sizes of the hand and foot traces,we suggest that two track-makers were involved and were likely *** interpret this event as a deliberate artistic act that created a work of parietal *** travertine unit on which the traces were imprinted dates to between~169 and 226 ka *** would make the site the earliest currently known example of parietal art in the world and would also provide the earliest evidence discovered to date for hominins on the High tibetan plateau(above 4000 m a.s.l.).This remarkable discovery adds to the body of research that identifies children as some of the earliest artists within the genus Homo.