摘要：The design methods of anode and cathode are proposed for precision profile grinding. Based on the electrolytic machining theory, electrolytic equilibrium condition and Faraday′s law of electrolysis are applied to establishing the mathematical model of profile diamond dressing process- es. A finite element method (FEM) program is developed to solve the inverse boundary problem of Laplace′s equation. Desired anode contour or cathode shape is determined by computing the distribution of electric potential layer by layer. Electrolytic machining experiment is carried out to verify the simulated anode shape. The research result shows that shape deviation between designed cathode and profile wheel increases with the value of angle between feed rate and the normal to anode surface. The shape of simulated anode is consistent with the contour of metal-bonded diamond profile wheel for a given cathode. Based on the anode contour, cathode shape can also be designed accurately.

摘要：Ground textures seriously interfere with the exact identification of grinding damage. The common nondestructive testing techniques for engineering ceramics are limited by their difficulty and cost. Therefore, this paper proposes a global image reconstruction scheme in ground texture surface using Fourier transform (FT). The lines associated with high-energy frequency components in the spectrum that represent ground texture information can be detected by Hough transform (HT), and the corresponding high-energy frequency components are set to zero. Then the spectrum image is back-transformed into the spatial domain image with inverse Fourier transform (IFT). In the reconstructed image, the main ground texture information has been removed, whereas the surface defects information is preserved. Finally, Canny edge detection is used to extract damage image in the reconstructed image. The experimental results of damage detection for the ground texture surfaces of engineering ceramics have shown that the proposed method is effective.

摘要：This article presents a brief overview of recent advances in azo-containing supramolecular *** literature,it has been shown that azo supramolecular polymers and their composite materials exhibit fast and intelligent responses to various external stimuli,such as temperature,pH change,redox reagents,ligands,coupling reagents,*** applications,these systems are widely used for molecular motors,shape memory,liquid crystal,solar thermal energy storage,signal transmission,intelligent encryption,and other ***,these systems can function as key components for device upgrade ***,the design and rules of azo supramolecular polymers are still not supported by an exact *** about the relationship between the spatial structure and behavior is lacking,and new supramolecular materials cannot be designed by adding functional moieties to known azo *** on the current research status,this review mainly summarizes the structural design principles as well as structures and applications of known azo supramolecules;meanwhile,it highlights the emerging development fields,recent advances,and prospects in fabricating sei住assembling intelligent supramolecular systems with azo supramolecular polymers as responsive *** goal of this review is to bring new inspiration to researchers who want to optimize the chemical structure,steric conformation,electrostatic environment,and specific molecular functionalization.

摘要：To address the dissolution issue and enhance the electrochemical performance of organic electrode materials,herein, a bipolar organic cathode was prepared by in-situ electropolymerization of amino-phenyl carbazole naphthalene diimide(APCNDI). APCNDI is composed of n-type 1,4,5,8-naphthalene tetracarboxylic diimide that stores Li cations and p-type carbazole groups which react with anions and serve as polymerization sites. Electropolymerization completely eliminated the dissolution problem of APCNDI, and the electropolymerized cathode demonstrated a bipolar reaction with excellent electrochemical performance, stable cycling performance with a capacity retention of 92 mA h g;after1000 cycles, and a superior rate performance of 72 mA h g;at 10 A g;. The bipolar feature and reactions of APCNDI were systematically investigated and verified by multiple characterization techniques. Our findings provide a novel strategy for the design and fabrication of electrodes for high-performance organic batteries.

摘要：Efficient and affordable electrocatalysts for reversible oxygen reduction and oxygen evolution reactions(ORR and OER,respectively)are highly sought-after for use in rechargeable metal-air ***,the construction of high-performance electrocatalysts that possess both largely accessible active sites and superior ORR/OER intrinsic activities is ***,we report the design and successful preparation of a 3D hierarchically porous graphene framework with interconnected interlayer macropores and in-plane mesopores,enriched with pyridinic-nitrogen-cobalt(pyri-N-Co)active sites,namely,CoFe/*** pyri-N-Co bonding significantly accelerates sluggish oxygen electrocatalysis kinetics,in turn substantially improving the intrinsic ORR/OER activities per active site,while copious interlayer macropores and in-plane mesopores enable ultra-efficient mass transfer throughout the graphene architecture,thus ensuring sufficient exposure of accessible pyri-N-Co active sites to the *** a robust catalyst structure endows CoFe/3D-NLG with a remarkably enhanced reversible oxygen electrocatalysis performance,with the ORR half-wave potential identical to that of the benchmark Pt/C catalyst,and OER activity far surpassing that of the noble-metal-based RuO2 ***,when employed as an air electrode for a rechargeable Zn-air battery,CoFe/3D-NLG manifests an exceedingly high open-circuit voltage(1.56 V),high peak power density(213 mW cm^(–2)),ultra-low charge/discharge voltage(0.63 V),and excellent charge/discharge cycling stability,outperforming state-of-the-art noble-metal electrocatalysts.

摘要：Designing high active,low cost and bifunctional electrocatalysts is urgent for developing clean energy storage and conversion *** metal selenides exhibit optimal electronic conductivity and tunable physicochemical properties,which endow them with potential for efficient electrocatalysts to facilitate the oxygen reduction and oxygen evolution reactions(ORR and OER).Herein,hollow NixCo0.85-xSe nanospheres were synthesized using a facile polyol based solution chemical *** NixCo0.85-xSe exhibits an onset overpotential of 0.89 V for ORR,and an overpotential of 305 mV to achieve 10 mA cm^-2 for ***,the NixCo0.85-xSe based Zn-air battery displays remarkable specific capacity and *** superior catalytic performances can be attributed to the synergistic effect,large specific surface area and enhanced electron transfer *** approach provides a new way to design highly efficient bifunctional electrocatalysts for electrochemical energy storage and utilization.

摘要：Although organic electrode materials have merits of abundant resources,diverse structures and environmental friendliness,their performance for electrochemical energy storage is far *** this work,a thiourea-based polyimide/reduced graphene oxide(PNTCSA/RGO)composite was synthesized via a condensation polymerization *** a cathode material in lithium-ion batteries,excellent performance is demonstrated with high reversible capacity(144.2 mA h g^−1),high discharge voltage(∼2.5 V),and long cycling life(over 2000 cycles at 500 mA g^−1),which are comparable to those of other well documented in organic *** electrochemical performance is also demonstrated for sodium ion batteries(a cycling life of 800 cycles at 500 mA g^−1),while poor performance is delivered in potassium ion *** studies reveal that the active sites are carbonyl groups for all alkali ions but one inserted alkali metal ion is shared by two carbonyl groups from the two neighbor *** importantly,K ions have stronger interaction with S atoms than Li/Na ions,which may lead to poor structure reversibility and account for the poor cycling *** findings provide a fundamental understanding of polyimide based polymer electrodes and help to design and develop high performance organic electrode materials for alkali metal ion batteries.

摘要：The Pt-based catalyst tends to be poisoned by carbon monoxide(CO)-like intermediates produced in fuel cell reactions,which seriously deteriorates its catalytic ***,noble metal Au with the capacity of resistance to CO-like intermediates poisoning was employed to construct multi-element Pt-based *** trimetallic NiPtAu hollow nanocrystals(HNCs)with different surface Au contents were synthesized to explore the role of Au in electrocatalysis for alkaline methanol oxidation reaction(MOR).The trimetallic NiPtAu-SRAu HNCs catalyst with the relative rich Au content(15.17 at%)on surface exhibits a much lower CO oxidation peak potential than the other HNCs counterpart and 20 wt%Pt/C,which indicates the more exceptional CO-resisting ***,the MOR specific activity of NiPtAu-SRAu HNCs(31.52 mA cm^−2)is 7 times higher than that of 20wt%Pt/C(4.50 mA cm^−2).This enhancement in catalytic activity as well as anti-CO poisoning capability for NiPtAu-SRAu HNCs can be mainly ascribed to the weakened CO adsorption due to the exposure of Au atoms on NiPt surface evidenced by the experimental data and density functional theory *** study not only investigates the role of Au in MOR catalysis but also could be helpful for designing and optimizing the electrocatalysts for high-active and robust fuel cell applications.

摘要：The rational design and synthesis of hybrid-type electrode nanomaterials are significant for their diverse applications,including their potential usage as high-efficiency nanoarchitectures for supercapacitors(SCs)as a class of promising energy-storage systems for powering next-generation electric vehicles and electronic ***,we reported a facile and controllable synthesis of core-shell Ni_(3)S_(2)@NiWO_(4)nanoarrays to fabricate a freestanding electrode for hybrid ***,the as-prepared freestanding Ni_(3)S_(2)@NiWO_(4)electrode presents an ultrahigh areal capacity of 2032μA h cm^(-2)at 5 mA cm^(-2),and a capacity retention of 63.6%even when the current density increased up to 50 mA cm^(-2).Remarkably,the Ni_(3)S_(2)@NiWO_(4)nanoarraybased hybrid SC delivers a maximum energy density of 1.283 mW h cm^(-2)at 3.128 mW cm^(-2)and a maximum power density of 41.105 mW cm^(-2)at 0.753 mW h cm^(-2).Furthermore,the hybrid SC exhibits a capacity retention of 89.6%even after continuous 10,000 cycles,proving its superior *** study provides a facile pathway to rationally design a variety of core-shell metal nanostructures for high-performance energy storage devices.

摘要：The overall water splitting for hydrogen production is an effective strategy to resolve the environmental and energy crisis. Here, we report a facile approach to synthesize the Ir-based multimetallic, hierarchical, double-coreshelled architecture(HCSA) assisted by oil bath reaction for boosting overall water splitting in acidic environment. The Ir Ni Cu HCSA shows superior electrocatalytic activity for hydrogen evolution reaction(HER) and oxygen evolution reaction(OER), which are comparable to commercial Pt/C and better than IrO2. The Ir Ni Cu HCSA exhibits remarkably catalytic efficiency as bifunctional catalyst for overall water splitting where a low cell voltage of 1.53 V is enough to drive a current density of 10 mA cm^-2 and maintains stable for at least 20 h. The presented work for the design and synthesis of novel Ir-based multimetallic architecture paves the way for highperformance overall water splitting catalysis.