摘要：锂硫电池理论能量密度大、成本低廉,被认为是最有前景的电化学储能系统之一.然而,硫和放电产物硫化锂的低电导率,充放电时的体积膨胀,以及多硫化锂的穿梭效应严重影响了其可逆容量和循环性能.本文采用了一种简单的模板法制备了Co纳米颗粒嵌入的分级多孔碳网络(Co-NHPC).通过合理结构设计,以及原位生成的Co纳米颗粒的嵌入,Co-NHPC表现出很强的对LiPSs的吸附和催化转化能力.结果表明,Co-NHPC在0.2 C时的初始可逆容量为1478.6 mA h g^(−1),经过500次循环后,在1和5 C下仍可分别保留674.9和451.6 mA h g^(−1)的可逆容量.

摘要：Hydrogels have drawn considerable attention in the past two decades due to their excellent biocompatibility and multi-stimuli responsiveness. They have a wide range of applications in the fields related to tissue engineering, sensors and biomedicine. Their applications are strongly influenced by the surface properties of hydrogels and the interfacial interactions between hydrogels and other substrates. In particular, the surface wettability and adhesion of hydrogels decide their applications as drug carriers and wound dressing materials. Nevertheless, there is a lack of systematic discussion on the surface functionalization strategies of hydrogels. Therefore, this review aims at summarizing the strategies of functionalizing the surfaces of hydrogels and bonding hydrogels with other solid substrates. It also explores the challenges and future perspectives of interfacial engineering of hydrogels.

摘要：水凝胶作为承载组织的替代产品引起了广泛关注.然而,与能够通过有限的变形来承受复杂载荷的承载组织不同,传统的水凝胶由于其柔软的特性,无法在低应变状态下表现出刚性响应.基于承载组织的软硬组分之间的协同作用,我们设计了采用软基质(正泊松比)和硬框架(负泊松比)的复合水凝胶,其刚度分别比基质和框架高18.9和4.2倍.相反,结合软基质(正泊松比)和框架(正泊松比)的设计对刚度增强有限.通过有限元分析,揭示了软基质与框架之间正、负泊松比斥力作用的内在机理.本研究为今后设计基于软硬组分协同效应的复合水凝胶提供了思路.

摘要：负泊松比超材料由于其优异的力学性能,包括优异的抗剪切性能、抗冲击性能、抗断裂性能、吸能隔振等,在个体防护和抗冲击、减振吸能等领域有着重要的应用价值,从而引起了科学家和工程师们极大的研究兴趣.大多数传统的负泊松比超材料通常基于单元胞体的拓扑结构设计,这类超材料通常不可避免地面临着由其复杂拓扑结构,特别是内凹多边形结构,所带来的设计、制备难题.迄今为止,尽管许多研究人员致力于开发新的负泊松比超结构和材料,但很少有研究能明确指出负泊松比超材料的设计指南或工作流程,更多的研究是基于研究人员的设计灵感和对特定胞元结构的计算机辅助优化.基于此,我们提出了一种受自然启发的负泊松比超材料设计策略,利用天然多孔材料所具有的独特双梯度结构,例如以松质骨和向日葵茎髓心作为生物模型,通过在多孔结构中引入双梯度变化即可得到负泊松比效应,从而制备负泊松比超材料.这种受自然启发的负泊松比超材料设计思路具有一定的普适性,可以扩展到具有常见凸多边形胞元的多孔结构中,基本胞元结构并不局限于特定的内凹多边形等常见的用来构造负泊松比超材料的结构和形状.

摘要：Binary cooperative complementary materials,consisting of two components with entirely opposite physiochemical properties at the nanoscale, are presented as a novel principle for the design and construct of functional materials. By summarizing recent achievement in materials science, it can be found that the cooperative interaction distance between the pair of complementary property must be comparable with the scale of related physical or chemical parameter. When the binary components are in the cooperative distance, the cooperation between these building blocks becomes dominant and endows the macroscopic materials with unique properties and advanced functionalities that cannot be achieved by either of building blocks.

摘要：Conductive hydrogels have combined high conductivity and excellent mechanical properties[1,2],and have received increasing attention due to their promising and diverse applications in flexible energy storage devices[3,4],soft robotics[5,6],and wearable sensors[7–9].Nevertheless,their applications are severely limited by inevitable function loss because they would be frozen or dehydrated due to climate change[10–14].