摘要：肿瘤微环境中的血管生成是肿瘤细胞对放化疗不敏感的主要原因.在本项研究中,我们设计了一种微环境响应型的纳米颗粒,利用ZrMOF的分解产物抑制肿瘤细胞中的PI3K/AKT/mTOR/VEGF通路,从而克服A549R细胞对顺铂的耐药性.我们将顺铂包裹在Zr-MOF中,并在表面修饰BSA,形成了CDDP@Zr-MOF-BSA纳米复合体,该复合体在肿瘤微环境中有良好的响应性,有助于在肿瘤区域蓄积,展现出卓越的血管生成抑制能力,并能明显降低药物的外排.此外,CDDP@Zr-MOFBSA能显著抑制多药耐药相关蛋白1(MRP1)的表达,从而逆转A549R细胞的耐药性.总体而言,CDDP@Zr-MOF-BSA对A549R有细胞毒性,能抑制肿瘤微环境中的血管生成,最终有效提高顺铂耐药肿瘤的治疗效果.CDDP@Zr-MOF-BSA为放化疗治疗耐药肿瘤提供了一种多功能协同的方法.

摘要：An adjustable ejector expansion device for a CO2 heat pump water heater (HPWP) is proposed to improve the system performance. It has been designed to investigate experimentally the effects of the motive nozzle throat area of the ejector, entrained flow pressure, back pressure and primary flow pressure on the entrainment ratio. Experiments based on different motive nozzle throat areas were conducted and the results of the prototype ejector using CO2 as working fluid are presented. The results show that an adjustable ejector can achieve high performance and work well in a wide range of working conditions.

摘要：Liquid metals(LM) such as eutectic gallium-indium and gallium-indium-tin are important functional liquid-state metal materials with many unique properties, which have attracted wide attentions especially from soft robot area. Recently the amoeba-like transformations of LM on the graphite surface are discovered, which present a promising future for the design and assemble of self-fueled actuators with dendritically deformable body. It appears that the surface tension of the LM can be significantly reduced when it contacts graphite surface in alkaline solution. Clearly, the specific surface should play a vital role in inducing these intriguing behaviors, which is valuable and inspiring in soft robot design. However, the information regarding varied materials functions underlying these behaviors remains unknown. To explore the generalized effects of surface materials in those intriguing behavior, several materials including glass, graphite, nickel and copper oxides(CuO) were comparatively investigated as substrate *** results were obtained that only LM amoeba transformations were observed on graphite and CuO surfaces. In order to identify the proper surface condition for LM transformation, the intrinsic properties of substrate surfaces, such as the surface charge and roughness, as well as the specific interaction with LM like wetting behavior and mutual locomotion etc., were characterized. The integrated results revealed that LM droplet appears more likely to deform on surfaces with higher positive surface charge density, higher roughness and less bubble generation on them. In addition, another surface material,CuOx, is identified to own similar ability to graphite, which is valuable in achieving amoeba-like transformation. Moreover, this study offers a fundamental understanding of the surface properties in realizing LM amoeba transformations, which would shed light on packing and structure design of liquid metal-based soft device within multi-material s

摘要：Due to the increasing global demand for industrial gas, the development of large-scale cryogenic air separation systems has attracted considerable attention in recent years. Increasing the height of the adsorption bed in a vertical radial flow adsorber used in cryogenic air separation systems may efficiently increase the treatment capacity of the air in the adsorber. However, uniformity of the flow distribution of the air inside the adsorber would be deteriorated using the height-increasing method. In order to reduce the non-uniformity of the flow distribution caused by the excessive height of adsorption bed in a vertical radial flow adsorber, a novel parallel connection method is proposed in the present work. The experimental apparatus is designed and constructed; the Computational Fluid Dynamics(CFD) technique is used to develop a CFD-based model, which is used to analyze the flow distribution, the static pressure drop and the radial velocity in the newly designed adsorber. In addition, the geometric parameters of annular flow channels and the adsorption bed thickness of the upper unit in the parallelconnected vertical radial flow adsorber are optimized, so that the upper and lower adsorption units could be penetrated by air simultaneously. Comparisons are made between the height-increasing method and the parallel connection method with the same adsorber height. It is shown that using the parallel connection method could reduce the difference between the maximum and minimum radial static pressure drop by 86.2% and improve the uniformity by 80% compared with those of using the height-increasing method. The optimal thickness ratio of the upper and lower adsorption units is obtained as 0.966, in which case the upper and lower adsorption units could be penetrated by air simultaneously, so that the adsorbents in adsorption space could be used more efficiently.

摘要：开发高熵硼化物材料的功能特性对于拓宽其在极端环境中的潜在应用至关重要.为此,本文通过调控材料的组分开发出具有高效催化性能的高熵二硼化物(HEB_(2))纳米颗粒:首先基于对HEB_(2)的尺寸差异因子、混合焓以及体系自蔓延燃烧模式的理论分析,我们采用一种简便、快速、低成本的燃烧合成方法合成了6种不同组分的HEB_(2)纳米颗粒;然后,通过对材料的组分进行调控实现了HEB_(2)纳米颗粒活化过硫酸盐降解抗生素的高效催化能力(四环素的最高去除效率可达93.5%).不同吸附位点的吸附能和差分电荷密度的第一性原理计算结果进一步证实了HEB_(2)优异的催化性能主要归因于Ti组元,而非高熵效应.此外,基于检测到的活性氧和计算的反应能垒,我们提出了HEB_(2)活化过硫酸盐降解抗生素的潜在催化机理.本研究不仅为HEB_(2)高效催化降解抗生素的组分设计提供了理论依据,而且显示出HEB_(2)在去除自然水体中新污染物方面的潜在应用前景.

摘要：For developing the X-ray Free Electron Lasers test facility(SXFEL) at Shanghai Institute of Applied Physics,Chinese Academy of Sciences(SINAP), ultra-short bunch is the crucial requirement for excellent lasing performance. It is a big challenge for deflecting cavity to measure the length of ultra-short bunch, and higher deflecting gradient is required for higher measurement resolution. X-band travelling wave deflecting structure has features of higher deflecting voltage and compact structure, which has good performance at ultra-short bunch length measurement. In this paper, a new X-band deflecting structure is designed to operate in HEM11-2π/3 *** suppressing the polarization of deflecting plane of the HEM11 mode, two symmetrical caves are added on the cavity wall to separate two polarized modes.

摘要：The integration and accommodation of the wind and solar energy pose great challenges on today’s power system operation due to the intermittent nature and volatility of the wind and solar *** efficient large-scale electrical energy storage is one of the most effective and economical solutions to those *** the comprehensive review of the existing storage technologies,this paper proposes an overall design scheme for the Non-supplementary Fired Compressed Air Energy Storage(NFCAES)system,including system design,modeling and efficiency assessment,as well as protection and ***,the design principles of the multistage regenerative,*** recovery system which is used to fully recycle and utilize the waste heat from compression are provided,so as the overall system efficiency evaluation *** paper theoretically ascertains the storage decoupling rules in the potential and internal energy of molecular compressed air and reveals the conversion mechanism of gas,heat,power,electricity and other forms of *** this basis,a 500-k W physical simulation system of CAES system(TICC-500,Tsinghua-IPCCAS-CEPRI-CAES)is built,which passed a system-wide 420-k W load power generation test with less pollution and zero carbon ***,the multi-form energy conversion of multi-stage regenerative CAES and storage efficiency is verified,especially its incomparable superiority in solving the uncertainty problem in wind and solar power ***,the propaganda and application scenario of the CAES system in China is introduced.

摘要：This paper illustrates the design and simulation of a unique 500 MHz single-cell superconducting radio frequency cavity with a fluted beam pipe and a coaxial-type fundamental power coupler. The simulation results show that the cavity has a high r/Q value, a low peak surface field and a large beam aperture, so it can be a candidate cavity for high current accelerators. With the help of a fluted beam tube, almost all the higher order modes can propagate out of the cavity, especially the first two dipole modes, TE 111 and TM 110 , and the first higher monopole mode, TM 011 . The external quality factor of the coaxial fundamental power coupler is optimized to 1.2 × 10 5 , which will be useful when it is applied in the light source storage ring.

摘要：天然气的运输与储存均以液态(LNG)为宜。近几十年来,随着混合制冷剂天然气液化流程的飞速发展,出现了种类繁多的结构形式,为业界提供了丰富的选择。针对种类繁多的混合制冷剂天然气液化流程,本文提出了一个新的分类框架,并在此基础上介绍了每一类中具有特色的商业化流程或专利设计中的结构特点;同时,整理和讨论了这些流程所采用的制冷剂组合和运行参数(包括运行压力、每一级的制冷温度和蒸发压力位的数量等),并将单位液化功作为最重要的性能指标。本综述旨在从流程结构的角度厘清混合制冷剂天然气液化流程的发展历程,以及展示流程之间结构性的区别,为从业人员选择合适流程提供参考,同时也为已有流程性能的优化以及新流程的构建提供依据与建议。

摘要：因可自发响应外部刺激而发生体积溶胀并引起其光学性能变化,胆甾型液晶微粒备受关注并在溶剂传感、防伪图案等方面具有广泛应用.胆甾型液晶微粒在溶剂中呈现中心颜色和刷结构颜色的协同变化.但由于刷结构颜色变化的复杂性,科学家们仅关注胆甾型液晶微粒中心颜色在传感中的应用,尚未有其刷结构颜色变化机理及相关应用的报道,这极大地限制了胆甾型液晶微粒的潜在应用.本文揭示了一种胆甾型液晶微粒的新型传感机理,并结合胆甾型液晶微粒中心颜色变化及刷结构颜色变化,发展了新型的溶剂传感器.与传统系统相比,该传感器提供了更为丰富的传感信息.采用反应性介晶、反应性手性掺杂剂、非反应性液晶分子和光引发剂通过微流控装置制备及光聚合得到了胆甾型液晶微粒.所制备的胆甾型液晶微粒分别在微粒的中心处和刷结构处均呈现丰富的色彩.中心反射颜色的可逆变化归因于分子萃取引起的体积收缩及溶剂溶胀引起的体积膨胀的竞争性效应.而胆甾型液晶微粒刷结构的丰富色彩归因于其在不同溶剂中的双折射效应.本文考察了中心/刷微粒在多达16种溶剂中的协同变色行为,提出了协同颜色变化的机理,并展示了这种变色聚合物微粒在多溶剂传感检测和图案显示中的应用.本文有望为开发具有可设计纳米结构的刺激响应性先进功能材料提供新的见解,拓展其在传感、防伪及图案显示等方面的技术应用.