摘要：Shearing dislocation is a common failure type for rock–backfill interfaces because of backfill sedimentation and rock strata movement in backfill mining *** paper designed a test method for rock–backfill shearing *** digital image techno-logy and three-dimensional(3D)laser morphology scanning techniques,a set of 3D models with rough joint surfaces was ***,the mechanical behavior of rock–backfill shearing dislocation was investigated using a direct shear *** effects of interface roughness on the shear–displacement curve and failure characteristics of rock–backfill specimens were *** 3D fractal dimen-sion,profile line joint roughness coefficient(JRC),profile line two-dimensional fractal dimension,and the surface curvature of the frac-tures were *** correlation characterization of surface roughness was then analyzed,and the shear strength could be measured and calculated using *** results showed the following:there were three failure threshold value points in rock–backfill shearing dis-location:30%–50%displacement before the peak,70%–90%displacement before the peak,and 100%displacement before the peak to post-peak,which could be a sign for rock–backfill shearing dislocation *** surface JRC could be used to judge the rock–backfill shearing dislocation failure,including post-peak sliding,uniform variations,and gradient change,corresponding to rock–backfill disloca-tion failure on the field *** research reveals the damage mechanism for rock–backfill complexes based on the free joint surface,fills the gap of existing shearing theoretical systems for isomerism complexes,and provides a theoretical basis for the prevention and control of possible disasters in backfill mining.

摘要：Unexpected,serious deformation failures have occurred during construction of a main shaft. A study of con-struction parameters of the main shaft is required. First,the stability of the shaft and wall-rock is investigated by nu-merical methods. The modeling results are as follows: The convergence of shaft liner is greater than 60 mm at a depth of 650 m; the maximum principal stress in the liner approaches 190 MPa,which exceeds the strength of the liner,so it is inevitable that the liner deform locally. Second,stability analysis of shafts with different liner thicknesses has been completed. The results have the following features: If the depth where the liner thickness is increases from 400 mm to 500 mm is 650 meters,the convergence deformation of the liner is reduced by 3.4 mm while the maximum principal stress is reduced by 5 MPa. At a depth of 250 m if the liner thickness is increased from 400 mm to 500 mm the conver-gence of the liner is reduced by 1.5 mm while the maximum principal stress is reduced by 10 MPa. Therefore,increasing the liner thickness has little effect on liner convergence but can reduce the maximum principal stress in the liner. The thickness of the liner can be increased to reduce the maximum principal stress and increase the capacity for shear defor-mation. Finally,construction techniques employing releasing-displacements have been numerically simulated. The con-clusions are that as the releasing displacement is increased the convergence of the surrounding rock increases linearly while the convergence of the lining decreases linearly. The plastic zone in the surrounding rock mass at first increases linearly but then,at a release-displacement of 95 mm,expands rapidly. These conclusions show that use of suitable re-leasing displacement can increase the self-supporting capacity of the surrounding rock. But when the releasing dis-placement exceeds 95 mm the plastic zone rapidly enlarges and stability rapidly decreases. The maximum principal stress