摘要：Author of this paper studied the varieties, resource types, ornamental value and utilization value of wild potted plants in Xinyang based on field investigation, and discussed the utilization ways and protective measures of potted plant resources. The results showed that Xinyang was rich in wild potted plants, with 74 families, 137 genera, and 379 species. Among them, angiosperms were the most common group, with 46 families, 92 genera, and 232 species. Bryophytes and ferns were also common in Xinyang, with 9 families, 22 genera, and 80 species as well as 13 families, 16 genera, and 58 species respectively. According to the purpose, wild potted plant resources can be grouped into three types: tree potted plants, landscape potted plants, and moss potted plants; according to the ornamental part, wild potted plant resources can be classified into five types: foliage plants, flowering plants, fruit-effect plants, synthetic plants, and special plants. Building up the ranks of penjing creators, giving full play to its advantages based on local resources, and producing penjing with local flavor, is the direction for future development of Xinyang penjing.

摘要：流感病毒和新型冠状病毒(SARS-CoV-2)是近年来频繁引发呼吸道疾病的主要病原,其引起的黏膜免疫应答对于病毒的控制和清除至关重要.目前对于SARS-CoV-2感染后肺部黏膜免疫应答的具体调控机制及其与流感感染的区别尚不清楚我们通过原位杂交-多重免疫荧光染色技术及空间转录组学揭示了流感病毒和SARS-CoV-2感染过程中局部免疫应答的动态变化过程,并发现相比于流感病毒感染,SARS-CoV-2感染早期肺部黏膜会更加快速地形成诱导性支气管相关淋巴组织(iBALT)结构并活化B1细胞产生较高水平IgM和IgA,可能在抗病毒感染及iBALT的形成中发挥重要作用.同时,SARS-CoV-2及表达其S蛋白的假病毒感染均能够促进小鼠和人的B1细胞的活化.将表达S蛋白的腺病毒疫苗AdC7-S对小鼠进行免疫后,可以成功诱导出包含B1细胞的iBALT,并在病毒感染中发挥保护作用.本研究揭示了呼吸道病毒引起的肺脏黏膜免疫动态应答过程,并阐明了SARS-CoV-2感染早期B1细胞的活化特点及免疫保护作用,为揭示新发呼吸道传染病的保护性应答机制及疫苗设计提供了理论基础.

摘要：Epichloë内生真菌存在于许多禾草的地上部分组织中,地上内生真菌和地下土壤微生物都能影响植物的生长,但关于二者同时对植物生长和竞争力影响的研究却很少。本文旨在研究地上部分内生真菌对宿主禾草的生长和竞争能力的作用是否受到土壤微生物的影响。本文以感染Epichloë内生真菌(EI)和不感染内生真菌(EF)的羽茅(Achnatherum sibiricum)以及大针茅(Stipa grandis)为植物材料,采用湿筛法获得具有不同多样性的微生物接种物。试验采用3因素随机区组设计:一是羽茅的内生真菌感染状况,包括EI和EF;二是土壤接种物的微生物组成,包括混合微生物组分(高多样性)和小型微生物组分(低多样性);三是种植方式,包括单独种植、单种和混种。植物种植16周后测定了植物生长和竞争状况。当羽茅单株或单种种植时,内生真菌对羽茅的生长和种内相互作用无显著影响,但内生真菌显著缓解了土壤微生物对羽茅单株种植时的抑制作用。当羽茅与大针茅混种时,内生真菌和土壤微生物对羽茅的种间竞争力具有显著的交互作用,当接种小型微生物组分时,内生真菌显著提高了宿主植物的种间竞争力;而当接种包含大型微生物的混合微生物组分时,内生真菌对宿主种间竞争力无显著影响。方差分析表明,内生真菌和土壤微生物交互作用对羽茅种间竞争力的贡献比内生真菌和土壤微生物的贡献均大。

摘要：Thanks to the fast improvement of the computing power and the rapid development of the computational chemistry and biology,the computer-aided drug design techniques have been successfully applied in almost every stage of the drug discovery and development pipeline to speed up the process of research and reduce the cost and risk related to preclinical and clinical *** to the development of machine learning theory and the accumulation of pharmacological data, the artificial intelligence(AI) technology, as a powerful data mining tool, has cut a figure in various fields of the drug design, such as virtual screening,activity scoring, quantitative structure-activity relationship(QSAR) analysis, de novo drug design, and in silico evaluation of absorption, distribution, metabolism, excretion and toxicity(ADME/T) properties. Although it is still challenging to provide a physical explanation of the AI-based models, it indeed has been acting as a great power to help manipulating the drug discovery through the versatile frameworks. Recently, due to the strong generalization ability and powerful feature extraction capability,deep learning methods have been employed in predicting the molecular properties as well as generating the desired molecules,which will further promote the application of AI technologies in the field of drug design.

摘要：A recombinant prourokinase chimera was constructed by introduction of Lys-Gly-Asp-Trp-motif between Gly118 and Ile119 among the kringle domain. The structure of designed protein was predicted and simulated. The recombinant prourokinase chimera was produced in insect cell sf9 with baculovirus-expression vector and existed as active form. Chimera protein was purified by affinity chromatography coupled with antibody. The special activity of the chimera was 90,000 IU/mg detected by fibrin plate determination. It was also shown that chimera inhibited ADP-induced platelet aggregation in a concentration depenent manner. These results showed the prourokinase chimera exhibited not only high fibrinolytic activity but also had anti-thrombosis function.

摘要：作物的生长冗余,也就是营养器官的过度生长,常常对作物产量不利,因此被称为作物的‘公地悲剧’。作物品种内相邻植株之间的资源竞争也会导致可塑性的营养器官的过度生长,因此被称为可塑性的公地悲剧。然而,目前有关这种可塑性的公地悲剧如何响应不同作物品种和不同的资源水平的研究较少。本研究设计了盆栽实验来探索这一问题。为设置根系竞争和无竞争两种处理,把同品种两个植株栽种在同一花盆中,分别用尼龙和塑料进行隔离;采用了两个小麦品种(古老品种和尚头和现代品种92-46),设置了两个资源水平处理。研究结果表明,与92-46相比,和尚头品种把资源更多地分配给茎叶,更少地分配给种子。异速生长数据显示,在24对尼龙隔离和塑料隔离处理的比较中,只有4对显示出程度很小的差异。异速生长数据还显示,相比和尚头品种,92-46品种对增加资源的响应程度更小。基于有限样本大小,本研究揭示了作物地上部分营养生长和繁殖生长之间的权衡关系。正是这种权衡关系,导致了和尚头小麦品种的‘公地悲剧’式生长,同时也使得92-46小麦品种的种子产量得以提升。小麦的公地悲剧更可能是源自遗传性状(比如古老品种的生长冗余),而不太可能是源自植株的可塑性冗余生长。现代小麦品种92-46可能采用了节约型的资源利用方式,而古老品种则采取的是消耗型策略。综上所述,本研究表明育种工作者应当选育个体竞争力低的基因型。

摘要：Injection therapy for diabetes has poor patient compliance,and the pain occurring at the site of subcutaneous injections causes significant inconvenience to diabetic *** this work,to demonstrate the benefits of an alternative drug delivery technique that overcomes these issues,methacrylated gelatin hydrogel-forming microneedles integrated with metformin were developed to adjust blood glucose levels in diabetic *** methacryloyl microneedles(GelMA-MNs)with different degrees of substitution were successfully prepared by a micro-molding *** resultant GelMA-MNs exhibited excellent mechanical properties and moisture ***,an anti-diabetic drug,was further encapsulated into the GelMA-MNs,and its release rate could be controlled by the three-dimensional cross-linked network of microneedles,thereby exhibiting sustained drug release behaviors in vitro and implying a better therapeutic effect compared with that of subcutaneous injection in diabetic *** drug release period could be significantly prolonged by improving the cross-link density of *** results of hypoglycemic effect evaluation show that the application of GelMA-MNs for transdermal delivery in diabetic rats has promising benefits for diabetes treatment.

摘要：水稻小穗是一种独特的花序结构,其发育直接决定种子的大小和产量.一个正常的水稻小穗包含一个可育小花(1个外稃、1个内稃、2个浆片、6个雄蕊和1个雌蕊)、一对护颖及一对副护颖.通过EMS诱变,本研究分离得到了一个新的隐性水稻小穗突变体lacking rudimentary glume 1(lrg1).lrg1的小穗仅仅只有一个副护颖,且其与护颖一起被同源转化为外稃状器官.细胞学和分子生物学研究发现,LRG1基因在水稻小穗副护颖中显著表达,证明了LRG1是副护颖的特征基因.此外,lrg1突变体谷粒表型异常是由颖壳细胞数目和大小决定的,说明LRG1还参与调控谷粒大小.进一步的实验发现,LRG1基因编码的ZOS4-06-C2H2锌指结构转录因子可能是与TPRs蛋白相互作用来抑制下游基因表达.本研究一方面证实了副护颖、护颖和外稃是同源器官,另一方面LRG1基因参与调控种子大小,为分子设计育种提供了新的基因资源.

摘要：Recently,tissue engineering (TE)is one of the fast growing research fields due the accessibility of extra-molecular matrix (ECM)at cellular and molecular level with valuable potential prospective of *** enhancement in the production of hydrogel-based cellular scaffolds with the structural composition of ECM has been accelerated with involvement of rapid prototyping ***,the recreation of ECM has been derived from naturally existed or synthetic hydrogelbased *** rapid utilization of hydrogels in TE puts forward the scope of bioprinfing for the fabrication of the functional biological tissues,cartilage,skin and artificial *** main focus of the researchers is on biofabrication of the biomaterials with maintaining the biocompatibility,biodegradability and increasing growth *** this review, biological development in the structure and cross-linking connections of natural or synthetic hydrogels are *** methods and design criteria that influence the chemical and mechanical properties and interaction of seeding cells before and after the implantations are also *** methodology of bioprinting techniques along with recent development has also been *** the end,some capabilities and shortcomings are pointed out for further development of hydrogels-based scaffolds and selection of bioprinting technology depending on their application.

摘要：β-葡萄糖醛酸苷酶(GUS)在肿瘤的发生、转移和进展中具有关键作用,因而成为一种很有应用前景的癌症生物标志物.在本研究中,我们设计出一种酶激活的近红外荧光探针(DCM-βGlcA),可在体内和体外快速、准确地检测GUS的活性.该探针是由葡萄糖醛酸残基与荧光基团吡喃腈(DCM)衍生物构成.在GUS作用下,该探针在680 nm处具有明显的近红外荧光增强,而且它的斯托克位移达到了150 nm.此外,该探针对于GUS有很高的灵敏度,检测限低至0.19 U L^(-1).我们利用该探针分析了人血清样本中的GUS含量,其结果与ELISA检测结果一致.该探针还可用于示踪活细胞中的GUS,而且能够对荷瘤小鼠体内和肝癌组织中的GUS进行检测成像.因此,该探针可作为检测GUS的理想工具.