摘要：自主搜寻在环境保护、灾后搜救和工业监控等方面有重要作用.无人机传感平台凭借其灵活的机动性成为实现自主搜寻的有效途径之一.针对自主搜寻中两个关键任务,即污染源定位和污染边界跟踪,本文分别梳理了相关算法体系,并揭示了其设计思想的本质.对于污染物溯源,控制驱动和信息驱动两类算法是目前的研究主流,但两者的结合却鲜有报道.在边界跟踪方面,本文从单平台和多平台协作两方面总结了现有文献的控制和估计方法.根据双重控制思想,本文分析了相关算法的设计思路,并展望了下一步的研究重点.

摘要：自上世纪60年代作为现代估计开山之作的卡尔曼滤波器(Kalman filter)的诞生,时间序列状态空间模型应用于各类动态估计问题吸引了大量的研究关注。特别是,寻求实现闭环马尔科夫-贝叶斯递归(比如,从一个高斯先验到一个高斯后验,本文称之为高斯共轭)的解析解成为一般时间序列滤波器设计的主流思路。其面临的主要挑战包括:系统的非线性、多模态(包括机动模型)、复杂不确定性(比如未知的系统输入,非高斯噪声等)和系统约束(包括循环随机变量)等。这些挑战不断触生新的理论、算法与滤波技术,以实现所期望的参数共轭递归。本文对最新研究进行分类、系统回顾,强调了一些容易被忽略的要点。着重介绍了高精观测非线性系统、高斯后验和机动多模态、以及复杂未知系统输入与约束,以弥补当前文献介绍的不足。同时,本文提出一些新的思考:一是一阶马尔科夫转移模型的替代模型,二是有关计算复杂度的滤波器评价。

摘要：In the preliminary stage of chemical process design, the choice of chemical reaction route is the key design decision, and the concepts of atom utilization and environmental quotient have become extremely useful tools. However, the waste quality such as chemical toxicity and other engineering factors have not been taken into account. Therefore, a synthetic route selection index, Iroute, is proposed to determine the suitability of a chemical route in this paper. Iroute considers the effects of 'extended atom economy', material renewability, chemical characteristics and some engineering factors. The extended atom economy concept regards not only the value of the desired product but also the value of byproducts. The methodology by using Iroute to compare different routes is illustrated in case study of cyclohexanone oxime and acrylonitrile manufacture.

摘要：The major drawback associated with PEEK implants is their biologically inert surface,which caused unsatisfactory cellular response and poor adhesion between the implants and surrounding soft tissues against proper bone *** this study,polyetheretherketone(PEEK)was incorporated with calcium hydroxyapatite(cHAp)to fabricate a PEEK-cHAp biocomposite,using the fused deposition modeling(FDM)method and a surface treatment strategy to create microporous architectures onto the filaments of PEEK lattice ***,nanostructure and morphological tests of the PEEK-cHAp biocomposite were modeled and analyzed on the FDM-printed PEEK-cHAp biocomposite sample to evaluate its mechanical and thermal strengths as well as in vitro cytotoxicity via a scanning electron microscope(SEM).A technique was used innovatively to create and investigate the porous nanostructure of the PEEK with controlled pore size and distribution to promote cell penetration and biological integration of the PEEK-cHAp into the *** vivo tests demonstrated that the surface-treated micropores facilitated the adhesion of newly regenerated soft tissues to form tight implant-tissue interfacial bonding between the cHAp and *** results of the cell culture depicted that PEEK-cHAp exhibited better cell proliferation attachment spreading and higher alkaline phosphatase activity than PEEK *** islands formed on the PEEK-cHAp composite after immersion in simulated body fluid of Dulbecco’s modified Eagle medium(DMEM)for 14 days and grew continuously with more or extended *** microstructure treatment of the crystallinity of PEEK was comparatively and significantly different from the PEEK-cHAp sample,indicating a better treatment of *** in vitro results obtained from the PEEK-cHAp biocomposite material showed its biodegradability and performance suitability for bone *** study has potential applications in the field of biomedical engineering to strengthen the conceptual kn

摘要：The lifespan of biological heart valve prostheses available in the market is limited due to structural alterations caused by calcium phosphate deposits formed from blood plasma in contact with the *** objective of this work is to present a comparative methodology for the investigation of the formation of calcium phosphate deposits on bioprosthetic and tissue-engineered scaffolds in vitro and the influence of mechanical forces on tissue *** on earlier investigations on biological mineralization at constant supersaturation,a circulatory loop simulating dynamic blood flow and physiological pressure conditions was *** system was appropriately adapted to evaluate the calcification potential of decellularized(DCV)and glutaraldehyde-fixed(GAV)porcine aortic *** indicated that DCV calcified at higher,statistically nonsignificant,rates in comparison with *** difference was attributed to the tissue surface modifications and cell debris leftovers from the decellularization *** analysis of the solids deposited after 20 h by scanning electron microscopy in combination with chemical microanalysis electron-dispersive spectroscopy identified the solid formed as octacalcium phosphate(Ca8(PO4)6H2·5H2O,OCP).OCP crystallites were preferentially deposited in high mechanical stress areas of the test ***,GAV tissues developed a significant transvalvular pressure gradient increase past 36 h with a calcium deposition distribution similar to the one found in explanted *** conclusion,the presented in vitro circulatory model serves as a valuable prescreening methodology for the investigation of the calcification process of bioprosthetic and tissue-engineered valves under physiological mechanical load.

摘要：血管支架置入的介入治疗是心血管狭窄和堵塞普遍采用的治疗方法,但支架的传统制造方法如激光切割等工艺复杂且无法制造分叉支架等复杂结构,而三维(3D)打印技术为复杂结构及个性化血管支架制造提供了新的思路。本文采用3D打印技术和0~10μm的316L不锈钢粉末材料打印制作了一种新型血管支架,对打印完成的血管支架进行电解抛光以去除支架表面粘附的粉末,并对抛光后的支架进行了球囊扩张及平面压缩实验。结果表明,本文设计的新型结构血管支架可采用3D打印技术制备;电解抛光去除了粘附的粉末,使支架表面粗糙度Ra由1.36μm降低到了0.82μm;抛光后的支架在球囊压力下外径由2.42 mm扩张到3.63 mm时的轴向缩短率为4.23%,卸载后径向回弹率为2.48%;支架的径向支撑力为8.32 N。3D打印血管支架可通过电解抛光去除表面粉末改善表面质量,并具有良好的扩张表现及径向支撑性能,为3D打印血管支架的实际应用提供了参考依据。

摘要：Hazard prevention in mission plans requires careful analysis and appropriate tools to support the design of preventive and/or corrective *** is most challenging in systems with large sets of states and complex state *** the case of sociotechnical systems,hazard prevention becomes even more dicult given that the behaviour of human centric components can at best be partially *** the present article we focus on a specic class of sociotechnical systems-namely air spaces containing pilot controlled as well as autonomous aircrafts and introduce the notion of relevant *** also introduce soft institutions as an appropriate basis for analysis,with the aim of addressing relevant *** concept of soft institutions is drawn from specication languages for interaction between agents in multi-agent systems but,in our case,is adapted for use in systems that combine human and automated actors.

摘要：Semiconductor technology and packaging is advancing rapidly toward system integration where the packaging is co-designed and co-manufactured along with the wafer ***,materials issues,in particular the mesoscale microstructure,have to date been excluded from the integrated product design cycle of electronic packaging due to the myriad of materials used and the complex nature of the material phenomena that require a multiphysics approach to *** the context of the materials genome initiative,we present an overview of a series of studies that aim to establish the linkages between the material microstructure and its responses by considering the multiple perspectives of the various multiphysics *** microstructure was predicted using thermodynamic calculations,sharp interface kinetic models,phase field,and phase field crystal *** on the predicted mesoscale microstructure,linear elastic mechanical analyses and electromigration simulations on the ultrafine interconnects were *** microstructural index extracted by a method based on singular value decomposition exhibits a monotonous decrease with an increase in the interconnect *** artificial neural network-based fitting revealed a nonlinear relationship between the microstructure index and the average von Mises stress in the ultrafine *** work to address the randomness of microstructure and the resulting scatter in the reliability is discussed in this study.

摘要：分析了基于Internet的过程控制与传统的计算机控制的区别,给出了一种如何在现有计算机控制系统的基础上,通过添加特殊的网络控制层的方法,设计基于Internet的远程过程控制系统的推荐方案。

摘要：采用PCR-SSCP方法对长白猪、大白猪、杜洛克猪、山西黑猪和马身猪共636头猪的肌细胞生成素(Myogenin,简称MyoG)基因3′端的遗传多态性进行检测,分析MyoG基因对猪的初生体质量、断奶体质量、6月龄体质量和背膘厚的影响。根据已发表的猪MyoG基因3′端侧翼序列设计3对引物,发现F1/R1引物对扩增的片段有多态性。统计结果发现:长白、大白、杜洛克猪种B基因为优势基因,其基因频率分别为0.8807、0.7256和0.8581;山西黑猪种A基因为优势基因,其基因频率为0.9359;马身猪种只检测到A基因。χ2独立性检验表明,基因型分布在外来猪种(长白猪、大白猪、杜洛克猪)与地方猪种(山西黑猪、马身猪)间存在极显著差异(P0.05)。最小二乘分析结果表明,BB基因型与其它2种基因型比较有较大的初生质量,同AA和AB型比较差异极显著(P<0.01)。因此,推测MyoG基因对个体的初生体质量存在一定的影响,选择带有B等位基因的个体有望提高个体的初生体质量。