摘要：An online survey addressed to members listed in the European Cooperative Programme for Crop Genetic Resources Networks Working Group on Graithe current problems in the management of GL germplasm, to work out the criterian Legumes and Grain Legumes （GL） germplasm managers and breeders was carded out to pinpoint and decisions involved in the implementation of regeneration procedures and to identify strategic areas where further research is required. The survey was divided into three sections： （1） germplasm collection details and current status of the regeneration needs; （2） assessment over the understanding of basic information required to carry out appropriate regeneration procedures such as the breeding systems, the pollination requirements and pollinating agents, the isolation techniques and regeneration facilities; and （3） assessment of different options, in addition to ＂ex situ＂, such as ＂in situ＂ and ＂on farm＂ conservation. Obtaining, collating and analysing different kinds of existing data on mating system of GL species, effective pollination control methods and isolation facilities by species and location is one example of a priority issue. The GL community makes a clear request for greater support for the development of well-designed methodologies of regeneration that maintain the genetic structure of populations and that the optimum regeneration strategy is most likely to be achieved through integrating pollinators with the regeneration procedures. A major concern of the GL community is the lack of empirical scientific information on the most suitable pollinator agents.

摘要：转录后基因沉默(PTGS)或RNA干扰(RNAi)技术的发展为创造植物遗传变异体提供了新途径。PTGS于1 998年被明确为双链RNA(dsRNA)诱导的序列特异性基因沉默,短短几年内有关研究取得了突破性进展。结合利用PTGS技术进行的淀粉合成关键酶基因沉默研究,概述了PTGS的作用机理和特点、dsRNA表达载体设计、沉默效应的遗传稳定性及在作物改良应用方面的研究进展。研究表明,基因沉默效应可在子代间稳定遗传并可通过杂交进行重组,显示了其在农作物改良方面的应用潜力。

摘要：为进一步研究脱水可诱导启动子的结构和功能,并为开展禾谷类植物转基因研究选择启动子提供依据,用大麦品种撒哈拉幼苗提取的总DNA为模板,利用设计合成的引物对进行PCR定向扩增,获得了HVA1s、Dhn4s和Dhn8s启动子片段。通过分离、纯化、酶切和连接,把启动子片段分别插入到带有GFP和GUS报告基因的表达载体质粒中。经测序确认,目标启动子片段与原报道的同源启动子序列一致性达95.3%以上。HVA1s、Dhn4s和Dhn8s启动子在构建的瞬间表达载体pHVA1sGFPG、pDhn4sGFPG、Dhn8sGFPG和pHVA1sGUSR、pDhn4sGUSR、pDhn8sGUSR中,都具有启动表达报告基因的能力,通过基因枪转化大麦幼苗可有效启动gfp和gus基因瞬间表达。