摘要：Employing the intermediate derivatization method（IdM）, twenty novel 1,3,4-oxadiazole derivatives containing arylpyrazoloxyl moiety were designed and synthesized. The structures of the title compounds were identified by1 H NMr,13 C NMr, MS and elemental analyses, compound 4 was further identified by single-crystal X-ray diffraction. Antifungal activities against rice sheath blight（rSB） and sorghum anthracnose（SA） were evaluated by the mycelium linear growth rate method. Compounds 4, 16 and 20 displayed significant activities against rSB（EC50= 0.88 mg/L, 0.91 mg/L and 0.85 mg/L, respectively）,higher than the reference tebuconazole; While compound 3 exhibited higher activity against SA（EC50= 1.03 mg/L）, equal to commercial pyraclostrobin（EC50= 1.06 mg/L）. The study showed that compound 20 is a promising fungicide for further development.

摘要：A new fabrication technology for three-dimensionally buried silica on silicon optical waveguide based on deep etching and thermal oxidation is presented. Using this method, a silicon layer is left at the side of waveguide. The stress distribution and effective refractive index are calculated by using finite element method and finite different beam propagation method, respectively. The results indicate that the stress of silica on silicon optical waveguide fabricated by this method can be matched in parallel and vertical directions and stress birefringence can be effectively reduced due to the side-silicon layer.

摘要：在薄壁管中引入预折叠图案已被证明可以有效增强其能量吸收能力.然而,仅仅靠预折叠图案设计所提高的能量吸收能力已经达到天花板,难以进一步提高。本研究为解决这一问题,提供了一种全新的技术路线.我们首先设计了一种结构均匀的预折叠薄壁管作为参考结构.然后,我们对参考结构的壁厚进行非均匀化设计。在保持薄壁管总质量不变的情况下,加厚了塑性变形相对较大的局部区域的壁厚,同时变薄了塑性变形相对较小的局部区域的壁厚。这种非均匀设计方式使薄壁管的整体变形更加协调,不仅显著提高了结构的比吸能(SEA),而且降低了峰值力(PCF),实现了SEA和PCF的更优组合.

摘要：To deal with the stress interference caused by simultaneous propagation of multiple fractures and the wettability reversal and physical property changes of the reservoir caused by fracturing fluid getting in during large-volume fracturing of tight oil reservoirs through a horizontal well, a non-planar 3d fracture growth model was built, wettability reversal characterizing parameters and change of relative permeability curve were introduced to correct the production prediction model of fractured horizontal well, a fracturing design optimization software(Fr Smart) by integrating geological and engineering data was developed, and a fracturing design optimization approach for tight oil reservoirs based on fracture control was worked out. The adaptability of the method was analyzed and the fracture parameters of horizontal wells in tight oil reservoirs were optimized. The simulation results show that fracturing technology based on fracture control is suitable for tight oil reservoirs, and by optimizing fracture parameters, this technology makes it possible to produce the maximum amount of reserves in the well-controlled unit of unconventional reservoirs. The key points of fracturing design optimization based on fracture control include increasing lateral length of and reducing the row spacing between horizontal wells, increasing perforation clusters in one stage to decrease the spacing of neighboring fractures, and also avoiding interference of old and new fracturing wells. Field tests show that this technology can increase single well production and ultimate recovery. Using this technology in developing unconventional resources such as tight oil reservoirs in China will enhance the economics significantly.

摘要：The copper extraction in shaking bioreactors was modeled and optimized using response surface methodology（rSM）. Influential parameters in the mesophilic bioleaching process of a low-grade copper ore including p H value, pulp density, and initial concentration of ferrous ions were comprehensively studied. The effect of leaching time on the response（copper extraction） at the 1st, 4th, 9th, 14 th and 22 nd days of treatment was modeled and examined. The central composite design methodology（CCd） was used as the design matrix to predict the optimal level of these parameters. Then, the model equation at the 22 nd day was optimized using the quadratic programming（QP） to maximize the total copper extraction within the studied experimental range. Under the optimal condition（initial p H value of 2.0, pulp density of 1.59%, and initial concentration of ferrous ions of 0 g/L）, the total copper extraction predicted by the model is 85.98% which is significantly close to that obtained from the experiment（84.57%）. The results show that rSM could be useful to predict the maximum copper extraction from a low-grade ore and investigate the effects of variables on the final response. Besides, a couple of statistically significant interactions are derived between p H value and pulp density as well as p H value and initial ferrous ion concentration which are precisely interpreted. However, there is no statistically significant interaction between the initial ferrous ion concentration and the pulp density. Additionally, the response at optimal levels of p H value and pulp density is found to be independent on the level of initial ferrous concentration.

摘要：This paper introduces CBFEM （component-based finite element model） which is a new method to analyze and design connections of steel structures. design focused CM （component model） is compared to FEM （finite elements models）. Procedure for composition of a model based on usual production process is used in CBFEM. Its results are compared to those obtained by component method for portal frame eaves moment connection with good agreement. design of moment resistant column base is demonstrated by a case loaded by two directional bending moments and normal force. Interaction of several connections in one complex joint is explained in the last example. This paper aims to provide structural engineers with a new tool to effectively analyze and design various joints of steel structures.

摘要：A synthetic medium for ethanol production by recombinant xylose-fermenting Zymomonas mobilis was optimized using Plackett-Burman(PB) design and response surface methodology(rSM).The effects of 19 medium components were investigated by PB *** of these components were determined to have significant effects on ethanol *** statistical model was constructed via central composite design(CCd) using five selected variables,including xylose,trisodium citrate,choline chloride,pyridoxine,and *** validity of the developed model was *** ethanol concentration in the optimized medium was 6.7% higher than in the rM *** optimized medium was then simplified to give the final synthetic medium(S2),in which the ethanol concentration was 20.7% higher than in the rM *** and trisodium citrate were the key medium components influencing ethanol production,while calcium pantothenate was the only growth factor required by recombinant *** production and growth response were directly proportional to the logarithm of the concentration of trisodium citrate in the range of 0.1-1.6 g/L.

摘要：This paper discusses the current state of the art of diagnostics at power transformers. A special focus is set on the UHF-Pd-measurement （ultra-high-frequency partial discharge measurement） because at power transformers, this diagnostic method has become more important in recent years. The current state, basics and principles of operations, proceedings as well as advantages of Pd-measurement methods are covered. Furthermore problems and proposed solutions are discussed. Bushings and tap changers are not discussed in detail. In many cases, one single diagnostic method does not have the ability to sufficiently evaluate a power transformer. Therefore, a variety of diagnostic methods came up over times, which are commonly used by now. To expand the evaluation opportunities of power transformers, science strives to develop new diagnostic methods as well as to improve the existing ones. Furthermore, environmentally friendly and hardly inflammable ester liquids are examined for the use at power transformers and Pd-measurement at HVdC （high voltage direct current） converter transformers as well. Potential diagnostic options and respectively current developments and findings in the field of oil-paper-insulation systems are outlined conclusively.

摘要：In the first part of this paper, a simplified approach to design a Shell & Tube Heat Exchanger [STHE] for beverage and process industry application is presented. The design of STHE includes thermal design and mechanical design. The thermal design of STHE involves evaluation of required effective surface area (i.e. number of tubes) and finding out log mean temperature difference [LMTd]. Whereas, the mechanical design includes the design of main shell under internal & external pressure, tube design, baffles design gasket, etc. The design was carried out by referring ASME/TEMA standards, available at the company. The complete design, fabrication, testing and analysis work was carried out at Alfa Laval (India), Ltd., Pune-12. In the second part of this paper detail view of design optimization is presented by flow induced vibration analysis [FVA].

摘要：Porous titanium(Ti)scaffolds have been extensively utilized as bone substitute scaffolds due to their superior biocompatibility and excellent mechanical ***,naturally formed TiO2 on the surface limits fast *** biomolecules have been widely utilized to overcome this issue;however,homogeneous porous Ti scaffolds could not simultaneously deliver multiple biomolecules that have different release *** this study,functionally graded porous Ti scaffolds(FGPTs)with dense inner and porous outer parts were fabricated using a two-body combination and densification *** with growth factor(BMP-2)and antibiotics(TCH)exhibited suitable mechanical properties as bone substituting material and presented good structural *** release of BMP-2 was considerably prolonged,whereas the release of TCH was comparable to that of homogenous porous titanium scaffolds(control group).The osteogenic differentiation obtained using FGPTs was maintained due to the prolonged release of *** antimicrobial properties of these scaffolds were verified using *** in terms of prior release *** addition,various candidates for graded porous Ti scaffolds with altered pore characteristics were presented.