摘要：Alloyed nanoparticles with core-shell structures provide a favorable model to modulate interfacial interaction and surface structures at the atomic level,which is important for designing electrocatalysts with high activity and ***,core-shell structured Pd3M@Pt/C nanoparticles with binary PdM alloy cores(M=Fe,Ni,and Co)and a monolayer Pt shell were successfully synthesized with diverse *** these,Pd3Fe@Pt/C exhibited the best oxygen reduction reaction catalytic performance,roughly 5.4 times more than that of the commercial Pt/C catalyst used as *** significantly enhanced activity is attributed to the combined effects of strain engineering,interfacial electron transfer,and improved Pt *** functional theory simulations and extended X-ray absorption fine structure analysis revealed that engineering the alloy core with moderate lattice mismatch and alloy composition(Pd3Fe)optimizes the surface oxygen adsorption energy,thereby rendering excellent electrocatalytic *** researches may use this study as a guide on the construction of highly effective core-shell electrocatalysts for various energy conversions and other applications.

摘要：基于功能基元和序构范式将功能基元序构成特定取向组织,可以最大限度的利用层状结构材料的力学性能各向异性.然而,其各向异性变形行为的微观起源尚不清楚.本文以全片层的γ-TiAl/α_(2)-Ti_(3)Al双相单晶为模型,通过沿特征取向的原位透射电镜拉伸试验和多尺度结构表征,揭示了界面功能基元主导的塑性各向异性及相应的变形机制.相比于片层内部本征的位错行为,跨γ/α2界面取向序构主导的滑移系连续性和界面强度在塑性各向异性中起决定性作用.因此,当平行或垂直于片层方向拉伸时,层状材料发生穿片层的应力传递或界面分层,进而导致强度和延展性的各向异性.这些机理对理解层状结构材料的塑性各向异性具有普遍意义,有利于高性能合金的结构设计.

摘要：Due to their unique surface chemistry,highly adjustable metal components,hydrophilicity,and high carrier concentrations,MXenes are applied in a variety of *** to other two-dimensional(2D)materials,building heterostructures with additional materials to form a 3D porous architecture for MXenes can significantly enhance their functionality and ***,the open structures and well-defined pathways of these 3D structured MXenes can improve ionic and electronic transport,thereby promoting their applications in electrochemical energy storage,sensing,catalysis,and *** this review,the recent efforts made on preparing 3D porous MXenes with heterostructures,focusing on MXenes/C,MXenes/inorganics,and MXenes/polymers were *** discussion covers aspects ranging from the design to synthesis of 3D porous MXenes,and their applications in photocatalysis,environmental monitoring and electrochemical energy *** review is concluded by presenting the prospects and insights on exploring the relationships between the porosity formation mechanisms,properties and applications of the 3D porous MXenes *** review can provide meaningful guidance for the design,fabrication and application of 3D porous MXenes in high-performance materials and devices.

摘要：As an important energy carrier in terms of carbon neutrality,green hydrogen produced by water electrolysis using renewable electricity has attracted worldwide *** polymer electrolyte water electrolyzer(PEWE)has the potential to be a mainstay in the green hydrogen market in the future because of its superior ***,the development of PEWE is constrained by the slow progress of the membrane electrode assembly(MEA),which is an essential component of PEWE and largely determines the cost and performance of the ***,the MEA must be optimized from the aspects of reducing cost and improving performance to promote the development of *** this review,we first discuss the recent progress of the materials and design strategies of MEA,including the cost,activity,and stability of catalysts,distribution and thickness of ionomers,and ion transport efficiency of ion exchange membranes(IEMs).Then,the effects of all components and interlayer interfaces on the ions,electrons,and mass transfer in MEA and,consequently,the performance of PEWE are ***,we propose perspectives on developing MEA by optimizing the catalyst activity and stability of IEM,interface contact between adjacent components,and evaluation methods of performance.

摘要：Photoelectrochemical(PEC)water splitting for solar energy conversion into chemical fuels has attracted intense research *** semiconductor hematite(α-Fe_(2)O_(3)),with its earth abundance,chemical stability,and efficient light harvesting,stands out as a promising photoanode ***,its electron affinity is too deep for overall water splitting,requiring additional *** engineering has been used to reduce the onset potential of hematite *** we focus instead on energy band engineering hematite by shrinking the crystal lattice,and the water-splitting onset potential can be decreased from 1.14 to 0.61 V *** reversible hydrogen *** is the lowest record reported for a pristine hematite photoanode without surface modification.X-ray absorption spectroscopy and magnetic properties suggest the redistribution of 3d electrons in the as-synthesized grey hematite *** function theory studies herein show that the smaller-lattice-constant hematite benefits from raised energy bands,which accounts for the reduced onset potential.

摘要：This paper proposes an additive nanomanufacturing approach to fabricate a personalized lab-on-a-chip fluorescent peptide nanoparticles （f-PNPs） array for simultaneous multi-biomarker detection that can be used in Alzheimer＇s disease （AD） diagnosis. We will discuss optimization techniques for the additive nanomanufacturing process in terms of reliability, yield and manufacturing efficiency. One contribution of this paper lies in utilization of additive nanomanufacturing techniques to fabricate a patient-specific customize-designed lab-on-a-chip device for personalized AD diagnosis, which remains a major challenge for biomedical engineering. Through the integrated bio-design and bio-manufacturing process, doctor＇s check- up and computer-aided customized design are integrated into the lab-on-a-chip array for patient-specific AD diagnosis. In addition, f-PNPs with targeting moieties for personalized AD biomarkers will be self-assembled onto the customized lab-on-a- chip through the additive nanomanufacturing process, which has not been done before. Another contribution of this research is the personalized lab-on-a-chip f-PNPs array for AD diagnosis utilizing limited human blood. Blood-based AD assessment has been described as ＂the holy grail＂ of early AD detection. This research created the computer-aided design, fabrication through additive nanomanufacturing, and validation of the f-PNPs array for AD diagnosis. This is a highly interdisciplinary research contributing to nanotechnology, biomaterials, and biomedical engineering for neurodegenerative disease. The conceptual work is preliminary with intent to introduce novel techniques to the application. Large-scale manufacturing based on the proposed framework requires extensive validation and optimization.

摘要：Negative thermal expansion(NTE),as an abnormal physical behavior,has been followed by scientists’attention over the past 30 years,due to its fascinating physical mechanisms and the prospect of high-precision thermal expansion control[1-5].Although some NTE materials(alloys[6],cyanides[7],fluorides[8-10],nitrides[11],oxides[12,13],MOFs[14-16],etc.)have been found,their number and variety are still very small,limiting their *** and designing new NTE materials is an important and challenging topic for the development of the field of *** have been continually reviewing and summarizing obtained results to look to the future of NTE[17-23].

摘要：The vicious cycle between tumor cell proliferation and bone resorption remarkably elevates the progression and metastasis of bone ***,we fabricated polyethylene glycol-conjugated alendronate-functionalized and chloroquine(CQ)-loaded polydopamine nanoparticles(PPA/CQ)for efficient treatment of bone tumors via breaking the vicious *** nanoparticles were efficiently accumulated to the bone tissues,especially the osteolytic lesions around *** released from PPA/CQ inhibited osteoclastogenesis via preventing the degradation of tumor necrosis factor(TNF)receptor-associated receptor 3 to attenuate the osteolysis in bone *** the other hand,CQ blocked the autophagy in cancer cells,resulting in improved photothermal killing of cancer ***,the in vivo experiment revealed that PPA/CQ-associated treatment efficiently inhibited both tumor growth and *** work suggests that autophagy inhibition-associated photothermal therapy could be a promising strategy for treating malignant bone tumors.

摘要：通过设计特定的时空调制,合成磁性的概念最近被提出以实现对光子和声子等电荷中性粒子的非互易操控,但现有方案存在着隔离度低、信号频率变化等问题.本文设计了一种新型耦合共振腔系统,其中动态耦合的相位作为实现声学合成磁场的新机制并打破了系统的时间反演对称性,最终取得了优异的声波非互易传输.基于旋转波近似方法,作者严格推导出了实现系统强非互易声传输的参数条件.通过优化动态耦合之间的相位差以及耦合强度,实验展示了隔离度达45-dB和正向传输率达0.85的优异单向声传输.此外,这种单向声传输具有始末态频率不变和隔离方向可电控等重要特性.该研究突破了现有声波单向操控机制在效率和隔离度方面的局限,并为实现弗洛奎和非线性声学拓扑绝缘体提供了新途径.

摘要：Ceramic electrolytes are important in ceramic-liquid hybrid electrolytes(CLHEs),which can effectively solve the interfacial issues between the electrolyte and electrodes in solid-state batteries and provide a highly efficient Li-ion transfer for solid–liquid Li metal *** the ionic transport mechanisms in CLHEs and the corresponding role of ceramic electrolytes is crucial for a rational design ***,the Li-ion transfer in the ceramic electrolytes of CLHEs was confirmed by tracking the 6Li and 7Li substitution behavior through solid-state nuclear magnetic resonance *** ceramic and liquid electrolytes simultaneously participate in Li-ion transport to achieve highly efficient Li-ion transfer in CLHEs.A spontaneous Li-ion exchange was also observed between ceramic and liquid electrolytes,which serves as a bridge that connects the ceramic and liquid electrolytes,thereby greatly strengthening the continuity of Li-ion pathways in CLHEs and improving the kinetics of Li-ion *** importance of an abundant solid–liquid interface for CLHEs was further verified by the enhanced electrochemical performance in LiFePO4/Li and LiNi0.8Co0.1Mn0.1O2/Li batteries from the generated *** work provides a clear understanding of the Li-ion transport pathway in CLHEs that serves as a basis to build a universal Li-ion transport model of CLHEs.