摘要：Two-dimensional(2D)MXene and single-atom(SA)catalysts are two frontier research fields in catalysis.2D materials with unique geometric and electronic structures can modulate the catalytic performance of supported SAs,which,in turn,affect the intrinsic activity of 2D *** functional theory calculations were used to systematically explore the potential of O-terminated V2C MXene(V_(2)CO_(2))-supported transition metal(TM)SAs,including a series of 3d,4d,and 5d metals,as oxygen reduction reaction(ORR)and hydrogen oxidation reaction(HOR)*** combination of TM SAs and V_(2)CO_(2)changes their electronic structure and enriches the active sites,and consequently regulates the intermediate adsorption energy and catalytic activity for ORR and *** the investigated TM-V_(2)CO_(2)models,Sc-,Mn-,Rh-,and PtMCCh showed high ORR activity,while Sc-,Ti-,V-,Cr-,and Mn-V_(2)CO_(2)exhibited high HOR ***,Mn-and Sc-V_(2)CO_(2)are expected to serve as highly efficient and cost-effective bifunctional catalysts for fuel cells because of their high catalytic activity and *** work provides theoretical guidance for the rational design of efficient ORR and HOR bifunctional catalysts.

摘要：Alloyed nanoparticles with core-shell structures provide a favorable model to modulate interfacial interaction and surface structures at the atomic level,which is important for designing electrocatalysts with high activity and ***,core-shell structured Pd3M@Pt/C nanoparticles with binary PdM alloy cores(M=Fe,Ni,and Co)and a monolayer Pt shell were successfully synthesized with diverse *** these,Pd3Fe@Pt/C exhibited the best oxygen reduction reaction catalytic performance,roughly 5.4 times more than that of the commercial Pt/C catalyst used as *** significantly enhanced activity is attributed to the combined effects of strain engineering,interfacial electron transfer,and improved Pt *** functional theory simulations and extended X-ray absorption fine structure analysis revealed that engineering the alloy core with moderate lattice mismatch and alloy composition(Pd3Fe)optimizes the surface oxygen adsorption energy,thereby rendering excellent electrocatalytic *** researches may use this study as a guide on the construction of highly effective core-shell electrocatalysts for various energy conversions and other applications.

摘要：The generation of multifunctional isolated active sites in zeolite supports is an attractive method for integrating multistep sequential reactions into a single‐pass tandem catalytic *** this study,bifunctional TiSn‐Beta zeolite was prepared by a simple and scalable post‐synthesis approach,and it was utilized as an efficient heterogeneous catalyst for the tandem conversion of alkenes to 1,2‐*** isolated Ti and Sn Lewis acid sites within the TiSn‐Beta zeolite can efficiently integrate alkene epoxidation and epoxide hydration in tandem in a zeolite microreactor to achieve one‐step conversion of alkenes to 1,2‐diols with a high selectivity of>90%.Zeolite confinement effects result in high tandem rates of alkene epoxidation and epoxide hydration as well as high selectivity toward the desired ***,the novel method demonstrated herein can be employed to other tandem catalytic reactions for sustainable chemical production.

摘要：Graphene-like N,S-codoped bio-carbon nanosheets(GNSCS) were prepared by a facile and environment-friendly NaCl non-aqueous ionic liquid route to house sulfur for lithium-sulfur battery. The natural nori powder was calcined at 900°C for 3 h under Ar, in which NaCl non-aqueous ionic liquid can exfoliate carbon aggregates into nanosheets. The structural characterization of GNSCS by a series of techniques demonstrates the graphene-like *** evaluated as the matrix for sulfur cathode, GNSCS/S exhibits more prominent cycling stability and rate capability.A discharge capacity of 548 mA h g-1 at a current density of 1.6 A g-1 after 400 cycles was delivered with a capacity fade rate of only 0.13% per cycle and an initial Coulombic efficiency(CE) as high as 99.7%. When increasing the areal sulfur loading up to 3 mg cm-2, the discharge capacity can still be retained at 647 mA h g-1 after more than 100 cycles with a low capacity degradation of only ~0.30% per cycle. The features of N/S dual-doping and the graphene-like structure are propitious to the electron transportation, lithium-ion diffusion and more active sites for chemically adsorbing polysulfides. It is anticipated that other functional biochar carbon can also be attained via the low-cost, sustainable and green method.

摘要：A novel Bi2S3 microsphere was fabricated through one-pot urea-assisted solvothermal *** synthesized Bi2S3 microsphere was characterized by X-ray diffraction(XRD),scanning electron microscopy(SEM),Fourier transformed infrared spectroscopy(FT-IR)and thermal gravimetric analysis and differential thermal analysis(DTA-TG).Subsequently,the photocatalytic performances of Bi2S3 microsphere were evaluated by photocatalytic degradation of methyl orange(MO)simulation solution under visible-light *** results show that,Bi2S3 microsphere could be used as a potential cost-efficient catalysis for eliminating of methyl orange from aqueous solutions,whose degradation rate could reach 91.07%within 180 ***,a tentative photocatalytic reaction mechanism was discussed according to the energy band ***,this work indicated a simplistic approach for the fabrication of visible-light responsive Bi2S3 microsphere photocatalyst,which can be used as a valuable candidate in solar energy conversion and environment pollution treatment.

摘要：表面聚合物涂层作为保护层广泛应用于表面防腐、防渗透和抗冲击等各种领域,如何在已有材料体系和工艺条件下提高涂层机械力学性能,是一个重要但具有挑战性的问题.受自下而上的制造工艺和生物体的层级结构的能量耗散机制的启发,本文开发了一种具有自褶皱表面形态和梯度交联结构的光固化涂层.理论模拟和实验结果表明,表面自褶皱的独特形貌和体系内梯度交联结构有助于提升涂层的力学性能及抗冲击性.这种光固化自褶皱涂层为设计功能抗冲击聚合物涂层材料开辟了新的途径.

摘要：This review describes work presented in the 2014 inaugural Tsinghua University Press-Springer Nano Research Award lecture, as well as current and future opportunities for nanoscience research at the interface with brain science. First, we briefly summarize some of the considerations and the research journey that has led to our focus on bottom-up nanoscale science and technology. Second, we recapitulate the motivation for and our seminal contributions to nanowire- based nanoscience and technology, including the rational design and synthesis of increasingly complex nanowire structures, and the corresponding broad range of ＂applications＂ enabled by the capability to control structure, com- position and size from the atomic level upwards. Third, we describe in more detail nanowire-based electronic devices as revolutionary tools for brain science, including （i） motivation for nanoelectronics in brain science, （ii） demonstration of nanowire nanoelectronic arrays for high-spatial/high-temporal resolution extracellular recording, （iii） the development of fundamentally-new intracellular nanoelectronic devices that approach the sizes of single ion channels, （iv） the introduction and demonstration of a new paradigm for innervating cell networks with addressable nanoelectronic arrays in three-dimensions. Last, we conclude with a brief discussion of the exciting and potentially transformative advances expected to come from work at the nanoelectronics-brain interface.

摘要：金属有机骨架(MOFs)衍生的Co基催化剂用于芳香硝基化合物选择加氢引起了广泛的关注,但催化剂合成过程中使用大量溶剂,且对催化剂中活性中心的认识存在争议.本文开发了一种固相合成策略,在不使用任何溶剂的情况下获得MOF前体材料,经发泡和热解处理获得Co@NC催化剂.研究发现,800℃热解所得的催化剂中Co纳米颗粒被氮掺杂石墨烯壳层包裹,在3-硝基苯乙烯的加氢过程中表现出~100%的转化率,3-乙烯基苯胺的选择性大于99%,同时,该催化剂具有良好的循环稳定性和底物普适性.表征和实验结果证明该催化剂中Co–N物种为活性中心,其含量可通过热解温度进行调变,且催化性能与Co–N物种的含量存在正相关关系.本工作为设计用于选择加氢反应的高效Co基催化剂提供了一种新的绿色合成策略.

摘要：α-Fe2O3 thin films have been synthesized and used as photoanodes for photo-electrochemical (PEC) water oxidation. Molybdate was introduced to mediate hematite thin films via two synthesis routes (namely in situin situ mediation and ex situ modification). Through the in situ mediation process, the morphology and film thickness could be changed significantly due to the addition of MoO42-, while for the ex situ modification, the PEC performance of the hematite has been greatly improved without changing the nanorod morphology. Various characterizations such as UV-Vis absorption, transmission electronic microscopy, scanning electronic microscopy, Mott-Schottky, electrochemical impedance spectroscopy were conducted and the PEC performances were investigated.

摘要：The direct hydrogenation of CO2 using H2 gas is a one-stone-two-birds route to produce highly valueadded hydrocarbon compounds and to lower the CO2 level in the ***,the transformation of CO2 and H2 into hydrocarbons has always been a great challenge while ensuring both the activity and selectivity over abundant-element-based *** this work,we designed a Schottky heterojunction composed of electron-rich MoC nanoparticles embedded inside an optimized nitrogen-doped carbon support(MoC@NC)as the first example of noble-metal-free heterogeneous catalysts to boost the activity of and specific selectivity for CO2 hydrogenation to formic acid(FA)in liquid phase under mild conditions(2 MPa pressure and 70℃).The MoC@NC catalyst with a high turnover frequency(TOF)of 8.20 molFA molMoC^-1 h^-1 at 140℃ and an excellent reusability are more favorable for real applications.