摘要：Effective charge separation and rapid interfacial H_(2) production are imperative for the construction of efficient *** to Pt,the metallic Ag co‐catalyst with its strong electron‐trapping ability and excellent electronic conductivity typically exhibits an extremely limited photocatalytic H_(2-)evolution rate owing to its sluggish interfacial H_(2)‐generation *** this study,amorphous AgSe_(x) was incorporated in situ onto metallic Ag as a novel and excellent H_(2)‐evolution active site to boost the interfacial H_(2)‐generation rate of Ag nanoparticles in a TiO_(2)/Ag ***‐shell Ag@AgSe_(x)nanoparticle‐modified TiO_(2)photocatalysts were prepared via a two‐step pathway involving the photodeposition of metallic Ag and the selective surface selenization of metallic Ag to yield amorphous AgSe_(x)*** as‐prepared TiO_(2)/Ag@AgSe_(x)(20μL)photocatalyst exhibited an excellent H_(2‐)production performance of 853.0μmol h^(-1)g^(-1),prominently outperforming the TiO_(2)and TiO_(2)/Ag samples by factors of 11.6 and 2.4,*** investigations and DFT calculations revealed that the enhanced H_(2‐)generation activity of the TiO_(2)/Ag@AgSe_(x)photocatalyst could be accounted by synergistic interactions of the Ag@AgSe_(x)co‐***,the metallic Ag core could quickly capture and transport the photoinduced electrons from TiO_(2)to the amorphous AgSe_(x)shell,whereas the amorphous AgSe_(x)shell provided large active sites for boosting the interfacial H_(2)*** study offers a facile route for the construction of novel core‐shell co‐catalysts for sustainable H_(2)evolution.

摘要：A statistically based optimization strategy is used to optimize the carbothermal reduction technology for the synthesis of LiFePO4/C using LiOH,FePO4 and sucrose as raw *** experimental data for fitting the response are collected by the central composite rotatable design(CCD).A second order model for the discharge ca-pacity of LiFePO4/C is expressed as a function of sintering temperature,sintering time and carbon *** ef-fects of individual variables and their interactions are studied by a statistical analysis(ANOVA).The results show that the linear effects and the quadratic effects of sintering temperature,carbon content and the interactions among these variables are statistically significant,while those effects of sintering time are *** surface plots for spatial representation of the model illustrate that the discharge capacity depends on sintering temperature and carbon content more than sintering *** model obtained gives the optimized reaction parameters of sinter-ing temperature at 652.0 ℃,carbon content of 34.33 g?mol-1 and 8.48 h sintering time,corresponding to a dis-charge capacity of 150.8 mA·h·*** confirmatory test with these optimum parameters gives the discharge ca-pacity of 147.2 and 105.1 mA·h·g-1 at 0.5 and 5 C,respectively.

摘要：Sodium layered oxides generally suffer from deep-desodiation instability in P2 structure and sluggish kinetics in O3 *** will be great to design P2/O3 biphasic materials that bring the complementary merits of both ***,such exploration is hindered by the ambiguous mechanism of material ***,supported by theoretical simulations and various spectroscopies,we prove that P2/O3 biphasic structures essentially originate from the internal heterogeneity of cationic potential,which can be realized by constraining the temperature-driven ion diffusion during solid-state ***,P2/O3 biphasic Na_(0.7)Ni_(0.2)Cu_(0.1)Fe_(0.2)Mn_(0.5)O_(2)-δ with well-designed quaternary composition is successfully obtained,exhibiting much-improved rate capabilities(62 mAh g^(-1)at 2.4 A g^(-1)) and cycling stabilities(84%capacity retention after 500 cycles)than its single-phase ***,synchrotron-based diffraction and X-ray absorption spectroscopy are employed to unravel the underlying sodium-storage mechanism of the P2/O3 biphasic *** work presents new insights toward the rational design of advanced layered cathodes for sodium-ion batteries.

摘要：Rational composition design of trimetallic phosphide catalysts is of significant importance for enhanced surface reaction and efficient catalytic ***,hierarchical Co_(x)Ni_(y)Fe_(z)P with precise control of stoichiometric metallic elements(x:y:z=(1-10):(1-10):1)has been synthesized,and Co_(1.3)Ni_(0.5)Fe_(0.2)P,as the most optimal composition,exhibits remarkable catalytic activity(η=320 mV at 10 mA cm^(−2))and long-term stability(ignorable decrease after 10 h continuous test at the current density of 10 mA cm^(−2))toward oxygen evolution reaction(OER).It is found that the surface P in Co_(1.3)Ni_(0.5)Fe_(0.2)P was replaced by O under the OER *** density function theory calculations before and after long-term stability tests suggest the clear increasing of the density of states near the Fermi level of Co_(1.3)Ni_(0.5)Fe_(0.2)P/Co_(1.3)Ni_(0.5)Fe_(0.2)O,which could enhance the OH−adsorption of our electrocatalysts and the corresponding OER performance.

摘要：Learning from nature photosynthesis,the development of efficient artificial catalysts for water oxidation is an ongoing ***,a lamellar cobalt oxide(CoO),black phosphorus(BP)and reduced graphene oxide(RGO)hybrid electrocatalyst is *** domains are anchored on RGO and coated with CoO via P–O *** widespread P–O bond network constitutes the proton acceptor and forms a proton exit channel,akin to the use of Asp61 in Photosystem II(PSII).The innermost kernel layer RGO serves as the current collector and forms an electron exit channel,mimicking the function of Tyr161 for charge *** outermost encapsulation CoO layer acts as water oxidation catalyst(WOC).These biology‐inspired features endow an outstanding OER performance of the hybrid material with a low overpotential of 206 mV at a current density of 10 mA cm^(-2).This work provides a new design guide for OER electrocatalysts through constructing two specialized channels for proton and electron transfer.

摘要：Nickel(Ni)-based materials act as one of the most promising candidates as platinum-group-metal-free(PGM-free)electrocatalysts for hydrogen oxidation reaction(HOR)in alkaline ***,the electrocatalytic activity of pure Ni is significantly limited due to the sluggish kinetics under alkaline *** accelerate the kinetics,constructing heterostructures and nitride structures have been developed as two representative ***,we combined the two methods and presented a facile synthesis of the sheet-like Ni_(3)N/MoO_(2)in-plane heterostructures for enhanced HOR in alkaline *** to Ni or Ni_(3)N,the Ni_(3)N/MoO_(2)in-plane heterostructures exhibited a significantly increased mass activity by 8.6-fold or 4.4-fold,*** studies revealed that the enhanced activity of Ni_(3)N/MoO_(2)could be attributed to the weakened hydrogen adsorption and strengthened hydroxyl *** work provides a facile approach to design high-efficiency catalysts for hydrogen-oxidation catalysis and beyond.

摘要：Ionic skins that demonstrate great advantages in the mechanical properties and multiple sensory capabilities are regarded as an attractive candidate to mimic functions of human ***,human skin is vulnerable to be damaged under long-time sunlight irradiation,and most of the current ionic skins also lack a protection against harmful ultraviolet and infrared ***,this work develops a multifunctional ionic skin based on ionic conductive and light-managing hydrogels via a facile one-step locally confined *** is mechanically adaptable,able to modulate light in the broadband solar spectrum,and protect human skin from the harmful ultraviolet and infrared ***,without complicated processing,the ionic skin enables human-machine interactions via wireless and optical camouflaged Morse *** believe this work will promote the development of smart wearable devices with multiple customizable functions.

摘要：Sustainable polyurethanes prepared from castor oil and diisocyanates show very low strength and toughness, due to the highly cross-linked and flexible structure. Herein, we report a new strategy to simultaneously reinforce and toughen castor oil-based polyurethane via incorporating a stiff component （isosorbide, IS） to enhance network stiffness and reduce crosslink density. The crosslinking degree de- creases while the strength, moduli, ductility and heat re- sistance significantly increase accordingly with increasing IS content. The tensile behaviors are tunable over a broad range （either as elastomers or as plastics） depending on the com- positions. The polyurethanes show excellent thermal stability with onset decomposition temperature higher than 280℃. The investigation provides a new hint for future design and fab- rication of high performance sustainable polymers from other vegetable oils.

摘要：开发具有宽温度范围、无枝晶生长和耐腐蚀的电解质对于水系金属锌电池的实际应用至关重要.本研究开发了一种γ-戊内酯共溶剂,以扩大水系电解质的工作温度范围并稳定锌金属阳极的界面.这种弱溶剂作为强氢键配体和“稀释剂”,高效地打破了自由水分子之间的氢键,从而提高了电解液的温度耐受性和化学稳定性.同时,γ-戊内酯也可以吸附在阳极表面从而促进锌的成核和调节锌的生长织构,实现无枝晶的锌沉积.这种优化后的电解质可以使对称电池的寿命达到2160 h,并可以在-50~80℃的宽温度范围内稳定运行.相应的ZnⅡ活性炭电容器和ZnⅡ聚苯胺电池在8100和1600次循环后,容量保持率分别为92.5%和85%.这种弱溶剂调控氢键和锌离子的溶剂鞘的机制为先进的水系电解质的设计提供了新的见解.

摘要：镧系掺杂上转换纳米粒子(UCNPs)由于其具有独特优点而被广泛研究.目前最受青睐的980 nm激发UCNPs仍是经典的Yb–A耦合纳米体系(A=Er^(3+),Tm^(3+)和Ho^(3+)).但是,仅具有单个激发态(2F5/2)的Yb^(3+)因缺乏匹配的激发态能级而难以向一些其他受体离子传递能量.在本文中我们提出了一种能量传递新策略,即以Ho^(3+)为桥联剂来连接原本难以进行直接能量传递的供体–受体对(如Yb^(3+)–Nd^(3+)),并探究了供体、桥联剂和受体间所涉及的能量传输机制.此外,我们发现Ho^(3+)离子间能进行能量迁移,使得Ho^(3+)次晶格内可发生长距离的能量输运,同时证实Ho^(3+)作为桥联剂亦可实现粒子间的能量转移而获得上转换发光.我们设计的NaYbF_(4):40%Ho@NaYF_(4):10%Nd核壳纳米粒子表现出多模态响应性,即在不同激发波长下可发出不同颜色的光,其被证明适用于高等级防伪和信息识别.总之,这些研究结果有助于深入理解Ho^(3+)桥联剂在能量传递上转换中的功能机制,并为拓宽能量传递途径及精细操控光子上转换提供了方法策略.