摘要：The function of mine spoil following restoration depends on the development of soil *** models may contribute to consideration of how spoil may be restored:the hierarchical model and the interdependence *** study examined the relationship between plant diversity and water stable aggregate in mine *** plant species Dodonaea viscosa(Jacq),Pittosporum phillyraeoides DC,Hymenosporum flavum(Hook)***,and Pandorea pandorana(Andrew Steenis)inoculated with eight different Arbuscular mycorrhizal(AM)fungi were either grown as a single species or a mixture of all species in pots containing mine spoil amended with 18%*** aggregation was measured as mean weight diameter(MWD)and organic carbon was determined after 12 *** of spoil from under the mixed plant treatment was in the middle of the range for single species,for overall MWD and weight of each of the water-stable aggregate *** of soil under *** was higher than for all other single plant species and plant *** carbon in the water-stable micro-aggregate sized fraction was greater in all planted than the unplanted *** mean soil carbon concentration of *** was higher than all other single plant treatments and plant *** study suggests that the development of aggregation of mine spoil amended with compost is independent of plant diversity.

摘要：Contamination of soil and water by arsenic is a global problem. In Australia, the dipping of cattle in arsenic-containing solution to control cattle ticks in last centenary has left many sites heavily contaminated with arsenic and other toxicants. We had previously isolated five soil bacterial strains （CDB 1-5） highly resistant to arsenic. To understand the resistance mechanism, molecular studies have been carried out. Two chromosome-encoded arsenic resistance （ars） gene clusters have been cloned from CDB3 （Bacillus sp.）. They both function in Escherichia coli and cluster i exerts a much higher resistance to the toxic metalloid. Cluster 2 is smaller possessing four open reading frames （ORFs） arsRorf2BC, similar to that identified in Bacillus subtilis Skin element. Among the eight ORFs in cluster 1 five are analogs of common ars genes found in other bacteria, however, organized in a unique order arsRBCDA instead of arsRDABC. Three other putative genes are located directly downstream and designated as arsTIP based on the homologies of their theoretical translation sequences respectively to thioredoxin reductases, iron-sulphur cluster proteins and protein phosphatases. The latter two are novel of any known ars operons. The arsD gene from Bacillus species was cloned for the first time and the predict protein differs from the well studied E. coli ArsD by lacking two pairs of C-terminal cysteine residues. Its functional involvement in arsenic resistance has been confirmed by a deletion experiment. There exists also an inverted repeat in the intergenic region between arsC and arsD implying some unknown transcription regulation.

摘要：A novel series of pyrido[ 1,2-e]purin-4（3H）-one derivatives containing polar substituents on 5＇-position were designed and prepared as potential PDE5 inhibitors. This paper reports the synthetic routes, 1H-NMR data, and the PDE5 inhibitory activities of the target compounds. The polar piperazinyl group contained （on 5＇-position） compound, 3B2, showed the highest activity among the tested derivatives but less potency than sildenafil 1.

摘要：Summary of main observation and conclusion Benzofuran has antifungal activity as the inhibitor of ***-nine novel benzofuran-semicarbazide hybrids were designed and synthesized by principle of drug *** this basis,the benzofuran ring was simplified to a resorcinol structure,and sixteen novel 1,3-dialkoxybenzene-semicarbazide hybrids were designed and *** structures of the target compounds were characterized by HRMS and *** in vitro antifungal activity of target compounds was evaluated using the microdilution broth method against eight strains of pathogenic fungi with fluconazole as positive *** to the results of the target compounds,structure-activity relationship(SAR)is *** inhibitory activity against the tested strains of simplified compounds(K01-K16)has different levels improvement compared with compounds Z01-Z29.K01-K16 showed significant antifungal activities against ***,***,and sensitive *** ***,compounds Z20,Z22,K10,K11 and K16 also displayed different activities against two fluconazole-resistance strains that were isolated from AIDS *** minimal inhibitory concentration(MIC)values against fluconazole-resistant strains were in the range of 2-8μg/mL and 4-32μg/mL,***,molecular docking was performed to investigate the binding affinities and interaction modes between the target compound and N-myristoyltransferase.

摘要：Restricted genetic diversity can supply only a limited number of elite genes for modern plant cultivation and *** this study,we demonstrate that rational design enables the engineering of geranyl-geranyl diphosphate synthase(NtGGPPS),an enzyme of the methylerythritol phosphate pathway(MEP)in the model plant Nicotiana *** the crucial bottleneck in carotenoid biosynthesis,NtGGPPS1 interacts with phytoene synthase(NtPSY1)to channel GGPP into the production of *** of this enzyme in the ntggpps1 mutant leads to decreased carotenoid *** the aim of enhanc-ing NtGGPPS1 activity,we undertook structure-guided rational redesign of its substrate binding pocket in combination with sequence *** activity of the designed NtGGPPS1(a pentuple mutant of five sites V154A/I161L/F218Y/I209S/V233E,d-NtGGPPS1)was measured by a high-throughput colorimetric assay.d-NtGGPPS1 exhibited significantly higher conversion of IPP and each co-substrate(DMAPP~1995.5-fold,GPP~25.9-fold,and FPP~16.7-fold)for GGPP synthesis compared with wild-type ***,the transient and stable expression of d-NtGGPPS1 in the ntggpps1 mutant increased carotenoid levels in leaves,improved photosynthetic efficiency,and increased biomass relative to *** findings provide a firm basis for the engineering of GGPPS and will facilitate the development of quality and yield *** results open the door for the structure-guided rational design of elite genes in higher plants。

摘要：Functionalized hydrogels stimulate the migration and morphogenesis of endothelial cells(ECs)and are useful substrates for wound *** present study investigates the feasibility of covalent conjugation of taurine(Tau)on a gelatin-based *** hydrogel is expected to maintain positive charged growth factors such as basic fibroblast growth factor(bFGF)and vascular endothelial growth factors(VEGFs)near ECs within the hydrogel *** gelatin was conjugated with hydroxyl phenol(Ph)and Tau moieties,and in following that Ph residues were crosslinked through a horseradish peroxidase-catalyzed *** migration characteristics of ECs were analyzed by scratch migration assay and microparticle-based cell migration *** morphology and amounts of angiopoietin 1(Ang 1),bFGF,and VEGF proteins were evaluated for encapsulated *** potential of synthesized hydrogels in wound healing was assessed by the percentage of reduction from the original wound size and histopathological analyses of rat *** incorporated Tau molecules within the hydrogel remained stable through covalent bonds during *** extended incubation,the gelatin-based hydrogel conjugated with Tau improved the migration distance and number of existing migrated *** Tau within the gelatin-based hydrogel induced high motility of ECs,accompanied by robust cytoskeleton extension and a cell subpopulation that expressed CD44 and CD31 receptors as well as enhancement of Ang 1,bFGF,and *** found that injectable Gel-Ph-Tau effectively improves wound-healing parameters.

摘要：Due to a worldwide focus on sustainable materials for human health and economy services, more and more natural renewable biomass are regarded as promising materials that could replace synthetic polymers and reduce global dependence on petroleum resources. Cellulose is known as the most abundant renewable polymer in nature, varieties of cellulose-based products have been developed and have gained growing interest in recent years. In this review, a kind of water-soluble cellulose derivative, i.e., sodium cellulose sulfate (NaCS) is introduced. Details about NaCS's physicochemical properties like solubility, biocompatibility, biodegradability, degree of substitution, etc. are systematically elaborated. And promising applications of NaCS used as biomaterials for microcarriers' designing, such as microcell- carriers, micro-drug-carriers, etc., are presented.

摘要：A series of novel triazole derivatives containing y-lactam were designed and synthesized, and their structures were confirmed by IH NMR, 13C NMR and HRMS, The in vitro antifungal activities of the target compounds were evaluated, The results showed that all of the compounds exhibited stronger activity against the six clinically important fungi tested than fluconazole. 3D and 3E showed comparative activity against the fungi tested except for Candida glabrata and Aspergillus fumigatus as voriconazole. In addition, the docking model for 2A and CYP51 was investigated.

摘要：Brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF) plays a crucial role in human obesity. Yet, the neural circuitry supporting the BDNF-mediated control of energy homeostasis remains largely undefined. To map key regions that might provide inputs to or receive inputs from the paraventricular nucleus (PVN) BDNF neurons, a key type of cells in regulating feeding and thermogenesis, we used rabies virus-based transsynaptic labeling and adeno-associated virus based anterograde tracing techniques to reveal their whole-brain distributions. We found that dozens of brain regions provide dense inputs to or receive dense inputs from PVN BDNF neurons, including several known weight control regions and several novel regions that might be functionally important for the BDNF-mediated regulation of energy ***, several regions show very dense reciprocal connections with PVN BDNF neurons, including the lateral septum, the preoptic area, the ventromedial hypothalamic nucleus, the paraventricular thalamic nucleus, the zona incerta, the lateral parabrachial nucleus, the subiculum, the raphe magnus nucleus, and the raphe pallidus nucleus. These strong anatomical connections might be indicative of important functional connections. Therefore, we provide an outline of potential neural circuitry mediated by PVN BDNF neurons, which might be helpful to resolve the complex obesity network.

摘要：Tissue engineering(TE)continues to be widely explored as a potential solution to meet critical clinical needs for diseased tissue replacement and tissue *** this study,we developed a poly(2-hydroxyethyl methacrylate-co-methacrylic acid)(pHEMA-co-MAA)based hydrogel loaded with newly synthesized conductive poly(3,4-ethylene-dioxythiophene)(PEDOT)and polypyrrole(PPy)nanoparticles(NPs),and subsequently processed these hydrogels into tissue engineered constructs via three-dimensional(3D)*** presence of the NPs was critical as they altered the rheological properties during ***,all samples exhibited suitable shear thinning properties,allowing for the development of an optimized processing window for 3D *** were 3D printed into pre-determined disk-shaped configurations of 2 and 10 mm in height and diameter,*** observed that the NPs disrupted the gel crosslinking efficiencies,leading to shorter degradation times and compressive mechanical properties ranging between 450 and 550 *** conductivity of the printed hydrogels increased along with the NP concentration to(5.10±0.37)×10^(−7)S/*** vitro studies with cortical astrocyte cell cultures demonstrated that exposure to the pHEMA-co-MAA NP hydrogels yielded high cellular viability and proliferation ***,hydrogel antimicrobial studies with staphylococcus epidermidis bacteria revealed that the developed hydrogels affected bacterial *** together,these materials show promise for various TE strategies.