摘要：Starch has a wide range of sources and can be used as a high-quality precursor for sodium-ion battery anode ***,the carbonization yield and specific capacity of carbon materials obtained by directly pyrolyzing starch are ***,starch is used as the carbon source,and ammonium polyphosphate(APP)is used as the cross-linking agent and dopant to prepare a nitrogen and phosphorus co-doped porous carbon(NPPC).As the anode for sodium-ion batteries,NPPC-2 exhibits a high reversible capacity of 385.8 mAhg^(-1)at 50 mAg^(-1).Even after 1000 cycles at a large current density of 5 Ag^(-1),the reversible capacity can still be maintained at 126.9 mAhg^(-1).Based on detailed data and first-principles calculations,the excellent performance of NPPC is due to the effective doping of nitrogen and phosphorus elements,which distorts the graphite sheet,introduces defects,and increases the graphite layer spacing,thereby enhancing the adsorption capacity of the carbon material for sodium ions,reducing the diffusion barrier of sodium *** work provides a new idea for heteroatom doping and carbon material modification.

摘要：设计钛基金属有机骨架(MOF)实现高效光催化CO_(2)还原具有重要意义但仍极具挑战.本文发展了一种新的一步原位水蚀刻方法制备超细Pd纳米颗粒/多级孔Ti-MOFs高效光催化剂,其中水刻蚀在形成多级孔结构的同时也为Pd的锚定提供了丰富位点,进而在光还原的作用下一步实现Pd纳米颗粒在MOFs表面和内部的负载.得益于多级孔结构和超细Pd颗粒负载,Pd/hMUV-10在350℃光照下的CO产率高达65.9 mmol g^(-1)h^(-1),比目前最先进的MOF基催化剂高出约两个数量级,并超过大多数已报道的无机半导体基催化剂.在200℃相对温和的条件下,CO的产率也达到3.36 mmol g^(-1)h^(-1).在350℃的连续循环测试中,催化剂活性几乎没有衰减.理论计算表明,Pd负载可增强对CO_(2)的吸附和降低CO_(2)还原能垒,从而实现高效光热CO_(2)还原.本文所报道的Pd/hMUV-10催化剂有望在工业CO_(2)捕获和转化中得到应用.

摘要：Cerium‐based catalysts are very attractive for the catalytic abatement of nitrogen oxides(NOx)emitted from stationary ***,the main challenge is still achieving satisfactory catalytic activity in the low‐temperature range and tolerance to SO2 *** the present work,two series of Mo‐modified CeO_(2)catalysts were respectively obtained through a wet impregnation method(Mo‐CeO_(2))and a co‐precipitation method(MoCe‐cp),and the roles of the Mo species were systematically *** tests showed that the Mo‐CeO_(2)catalyst displayed much higher NO conversion at low temperature and anti‐SO2 ability than MoCe‐*** optimal Mo‐CeO_(2)catalyst displayed over 80%NO elimination efficiency even at 150°C and remarkable SO2 resistance at 250°C(nearly no activity loss after 40 h test).The characterization results indicated that the introduced Mo species were highly dispersed on the Mo‐CeO_(2)catalyst surface,thereby providing more Brønsted acid sites and inhibiting the formation of stable adsorbed NOx *** factors synergistically promote the selective catalytic reduction(SCR)reaction in accordance with the Eley‐Rideal(E‐R)reaction path on the Mo‐CeO_(2)***,the molybdenum surface could protect CeO_(2)from SO2 poisoning;thus,the reducibility of the Mo‐CeO_(2)catalyst declined slightly to an adequate level after *** results in this work indicate that surface modification with Mo species may be a simple method of developing highly efficient cerium‐based SCR catalysts with superior SO2 durability.

摘要：表面聚合物涂层作为保护层广泛应用于表面防腐、防渗透和抗冲击等各种领域,如何在已有材料体系和工艺条件下提高涂层机械力学性能,是一个重要但具有挑战性的问题.受自下而上的制造工艺和生物体的层级结构的能量耗散机制的启发,本文开发了一种具有自褶皱表面形态和梯度交联结构的光固化涂层.理论模拟和实验结果表明,表面自褶皱的独特形貌和体系内梯度交联结构有助于提升涂层的力学性能及抗冲击性.这种光固化自褶皱涂层为设计功能抗冲击聚合物涂层材料开辟了新的途径.

摘要：Iron oxide supported Au nanomaterials are one of the most studied catalysts for low-temperature CO *** performance not only critically depends on the size of the supported Au nanoparticles(NPs)but also strongly on the chemical nature of the iron *** this study,Au NPs supported on iron oxide nanorods with different surface properties throughβ-FeOOH annealing,at varying temperatures,were synthesized,and applied in the CO *** characterizations of the interactions between Au NPs and iron oxides were obtained by X-ray diffraction,transmission electron microscopy(TEM),and X-ray photoelectron *** results indicate that the surface hydroxyl group on the Au/FeOOH catalyst,before calcination(Au/FeOOH-fresh),could facilitate the oxygen adsorption and dissociation on positively charged Au,thereby contributing to the low-temperature CO oxidation *** calcination at 200℃,under air exposure,the chemical state of the supported Au NP on varied iron oxides partly changed from metal cation to Au0,along with the disappearance of the surface OH ***/FeOOH with the highest Au0 content exhibits the highest activity in CO oxidation,among the as-synthesized ***,good durability in CO oxidation was achieved over the Au/FeOOH catalyst for 12 h without observable *** addition,the advanced identical-location TEM method was applied to the gas phase reaction to probe the structure evolution of the Au/iron oxide series of the catalysts and support structure.A Au NP size-dependent Ostwald ripening process mediated by the transport of Au(CO)x mobile species under certain reaction conditions is proposed,which offers a new insight into the validity of the structure-performance relationship.

摘要：The catalytic effect of electrode materials is one of the most crucial factors for achieving efficient electrochemical energy conversion and ***-based metal composites were widely synthesized and employed as electrode materials because of their inherited outstanding ***,electrode materials can provide a higher capacity than the anticipated values,even beyond the theoretical *** origin of the extra capacity has not yet been explained accurately,and its formation mechanism is still ***,we first summarized the current research progress and drawbacks in energy storage devices(ESDs),and elaborated the role of catalytic effect in enhancing the performance of ESDs as follows:promoting the evolution of the solid electrolyte interphase(SEI),accelerating the reversible conversion of discharge/charge products,and improving the conversion speed of the intermediate and the utilization rate of the active materials,thereby avoiding the shuttling ***,a particular focus was placed on the interaction between the catalytic effect and energy storage performance in order to highlight the efficacy and role of the catalytic *** hope that this review could provide innovative ideas for designing the electrode materials with an efficient catalytic effect for ESDs to promote the development of this research field.

摘要：Rare-earth orthoferrite SmFeO3 is an outstanding single-phase multiferroic material,holding great potential in novel low-power electronic ***,simultaneous magnetic and ferroelectric orders as well as magnetoelectric(ME)coupling effect at room temperature(RT)in this system have not been demonstrated *** this study,epitaxial SmFeO3 films were successfully prepared onto tensile-strain Nb-SrTiO3(Nb-STO)substrates by a pulsed laser deposition(PLD)*** results show that the films exhibit obvious ferromagnetic and ferroelectric orders at ***,the magnetic anisotropy gradually changes from out-of-plane(OP)to in-plane(IP)direction with increasing film thickness,which is attributed to the variations of O 2p-Fe 3d hybridization intensity and Fe 3d-orbit occupancy caused by the strain-relaxed ***,electrically driven reversible magnetic switching further proves that the SmFeO3 films exhibit the RT ME coupling effect,suggesting promising applications in new-generation electric-write magnetic-read data storage devices.

摘要：The poor oxygen evolution reaction(OER)activity of two-dimensional(2 D)transition metal carbides(MXenes)is a major obstacle to their application in highperformance water splitting and fuel cells due to the high energy barriers for the absorption of ***,we demonstrate that the lattice oxygen of M_(n)X_(n-1)O_(2)MXenes can be activated by 0 D graphene quantum dots(GQDs),thereby activating the OER via the lattice-oxygen oxidation mechanism(LOM)instead of the conventional adsorbate evolving *** pH-dependent OER activity of M_(n)X_(n-1)O_(2)@GQDs and ^(18)O isotope-labelling experiments with time-of-flight secondary-ion mass spectrometry(TOF-SIMS)provide the direct evidence of ***,the activated lattice oxygen amount can be controlled by the *** as-prepared 0 D/2 D Ti_(3)C_(2)O_(2)@GQDs heterostructure delivers a highly reduced overpotential of 390 mV(bare Ti_(3)C_(2)O_(2):530 mV)at a benchmark current density of 10 mA cm^(-2).Through optimizing the thickness and the additional conductive substrate,the overpotential at 10 mA cm^(-2)decreases to 250 mV,while the Tafel slope is reduced to 39 mV dec^(-1);these values indicate the as-prepared heterostructure is superior to the state-of-the-art MXene-based OER *** work provides a new strategy to enhance the OER activity of M_(n)X_(n-1)O_(2)and extends the application of LOM from perovskite to MXenes.