摘要：Aimed at two typical composite floor systems of through steel bridges in high speed railway,design methods of headed studs were put forward for different composite members through comparing and analyzing the structure,mechanical characteristics and transmission routes of deck *** simplified calculation models were brought out for the stud design of the longitudinal girders and transverse girders in the composite floor system of Nanjing Dashengguan Yangtze River Bridge (NDB).Studs were designed and arranged by taking the middle panel of 336 m main span for *** results show that under deck loads,the longitudinal girders in the composite floor system of through steel bridges are in tension-bending state,longitudinal shear force on the interface is caused by both longitudinal force of "The first mechanical system" and vertical bending of "The second mechanical system",and studs can be arranged with equal space in terms of the shear force in range of 0.2d (where d is the panel length) on the top *** girders in steel longitudinal and transverse girders-concrete slab composite deck are in compound-bending state,and out-of-plane bending has to be taken into account in the stud *** orthotropic integral steel deck-concrete slab composite deck,out-of-plane bending of transverse girders is very small so that it can be neglected,and studs on the orthotropic integral steel deck can be arranged according to the structural *** above design methods and simplified calculation models have been applied in the stud design of NDB.

摘要：In order to study the engineering behaviors of reinforced gabion retaining wall,laboratory model test was carried *** load and unload of five levels(0-50,0-100,0-50,0-200 and 0-250 kPa) were *** earth pressure,lateral earth pressure,deformation behaviors of reinforcements,potential failure surface and deformation behaviors of wall face were *** show that vertical earth pressure is less than theoretical value,the ratio of vertical earth pressure to theoretical value increases nearly linearly with increasing load,and the correlation coefficient of regression equation is 0.92 for the second layer and 0.79 for the fifth *** distribution of lateral earth pressure along the wall back is nonlinear and it is less than theoretical value especially when the load imposed at the top of retaining wall is ***,reinforced gabion retaining wall will be in great safety when current method is *** deformation behaviors of reinforcements both in the third layer and the fifth layer are single-peak distributions,and the position of the maximum strain is behind that determined by 0.3H(Here H refers to the height of retaining wall) method or Rankine *** deformation of wall face increases with increasing load,and the largest lateral deformation occurs in the fourth layer,which lead to a bulging in the middle of wall face.

摘要：To better remove the contamination on the surface of a heat-exchanger in urban sewage source heat pump system （USSHPS）, this paper analyzes the feasibility of strong self-flushing on the basis of experiments and presents a new on-line self-flushing technique, which alternately flushes part of heat transfer tubes. In addition, operation principles and the structure of the new heat-exchanger are introduced and the feasible economi- cal and technological cleaning plans are given by design calculation and scheme comparison. The result shows that keeping each tube washed for one minute with 5 m/s, the operating cost is lower than ￥5 and when one flushing pump ahemately flushes 10-20 heat exchangers, the saved costs of flushing 10 tubes alternately are over 4 times of the increased costs.

摘要：This paper introduces the structural design optimization of a tall building with reinforced concrete frame-core shear walls in Guangzhou *** decrease the construction cost,wide flat beam with 400 mm ×650 mm rectangular cross-section are adopted for main *** measures are used to decrease noncoincident centers of mass and *** subway tunnels cross the building underground,inclined columns,the second and third floor underground together function as the underpinning *** from traditional transform beam,the proposed underpinning structures show good performance without using large dimensional bending *** attentions should be paid to the beams connecting with the inclined column in the underpinning structures,and these beams show large tensile or compressive *** observations after completion construction indicate that the building as well as the proposed design measures work well.

摘要：目的:活性瓷釉涂层能够显著增强钢筋的防腐蚀能力,同时明显提升钢筋与混凝土的粘结力。通过对活性瓷釉涂层钢筋以及钢纤维增强混凝土板在动、静力荷载作用下的承载力、变形特性以及破坏特征的研究,为活性瓷釉涂层技术在钢筋混凝土结构中的应用奠定理论基础。创新点:1.对活性瓷釉涂层钢筋混凝土板的动、静力学性能进行系统研究;2.探究活性瓷釉钢纤维在混凝土结构中的作用机理。方法:1.通过对活性瓷釉涂层钢筋混凝土板进行爆炸实验(图3),揭示活性瓷釉涂层钢筋混凝土结构的动力破坏特征(图5和6);2.通过对活性瓷釉涂层钢筋混凝土板进行静力实验(图4),研究在"点"荷载和"线"荷载作用下混凝土板的力学性能;3.通过分析钢纤维在钢筋混凝土结构中的传力机理,提出活性瓷釉涂层钢纤维在钢筋混凝土结构中的设计方法(图13)。结论:1.活性瓷釉涂层能够显著改善钢筋在混凝土结构中的传力性能;在动力荷载作用下,涂层钢筋混凝土结构的破坏程度明显减轻。2.活性瓷釉涂层能够显著改善钢筋混凝土结构的变形特性,大大增强其耗能能力。3.采用活性瓷釉涂层的钢纤维,其纤维长度可适当减小。

摘要：Recent efforts have focused on the fabrication and application of three- dimensional （3-D） nanoarchitecture electrodes, which can exhibit excellent electrochemical performance. Herein, a novel strategy towards the design and synthesis of size- and thickness-tunable two-dimensional （2-D） MnO2 nanosheets on highly conductive one-dimensional （l-D） backbone arrays has been developed via a facile, one-step enhanced chemical bath deposition （ECBD） method at a low temperature （-50 ℃）. Inclusion of an oxidizing agent, BrO3-, in the solution was crucial in controlling the heterogeneous nucleation and growth of the nanosheets, and in inducing the formation of the tailored and uniformly arranged nanosheet arrays. We fabricated supercapacitor devices based on 3-D MnO2 nanosheets with conductive Sb-doped SnO2 nanobelts as the backbone. They achieved a specific capacitance of 162 F·g-1 at an extremely high current density of 20 A·g% and good cycling stability that shows a capacitance retention of -92% of its initial value, along with a coulombic efficiency of almost 100% after 5,000 cycles in an aqueous solution of I M Na2SO4. The results were attributed to the unique hierarchical structures, which provided a short diffusion path of electrolyte ions by means of the 2-D sheets and direct electrical connections to the current collector by 1-D arrays as well as the prevention of aggregation by virtue of the well-aligned 3-D structure.

摘要：Land creation projects have been implemented in China to expand urban space in mountainous *** addition to the predictable settlement brought about by filling construction,varying degrees of land subsidence and engineering failures have a demonstrated relationship to groundwater level fluctuation induced by land creation *** this work,we adopted a typical large-scale land creation project,Yan’an New City in Shaanxi province,West China,as our study *** to conducting the main experiment,preliminary field investigation and groundwater level monitoring were conducted to determine the groundwater fluctuation trend induced by land creation *** a blind drainage system was implemented,the depth aspect of groundwater level changes after large-scale land creation still needed to be *** study the degree of impact and the settlement mechanism induced by the rising groundwater level,we conducted a Water Immersion Test(WIT)in a typical land creation site for 107 *** rising groundwater level was simulated by injecting water from the bottom of the filling *** the WIT,the soil water content,surface subsidence,and internal settlement of soil at different depths were *** subsidence development could be categorized into four stages during the water level *** second stage,which is defined as the point when the groundwater level rises to 10 m,marked the critical point in the ***,it was ascertained that the local settlement in regions that were originally composed of steep slopes is larger than that in originally flat *** addition,ground cracks and sinkholes in the study area were inspected;and it was determined that they would become new channels that would accelerate water infiltration and exacerbate the *** on the results from our field investigation and testing,several suggestions are proposed for land creation projects to mitigate issues associated with construc

摘要：In this study, two full-size concrete wails were tested and analyzed to demonstrate the effectiveness of a chemically reactive enamel （CRE） coating in improving their mechanical behavior under blast loading： one with CRE-coated rebar and the other with uncoated rebar. Each wall was subjected in sequence to four explosive loads with equivalent 2, 4, 6-trinitrotoluene （TNT） charge weights of 1.82, 4.54, 13.6, and 20.4 kg. A finite element model of each wall under a close-in blast load was developed and validated with pressure and strain measurements, and used to predict rebar stresses and concrete surface sWain distributions of the wall. The test results and visual inspections consistently indicated that, compared with the barrier wall with uncoated reinforcement, the wall with CRE-coated rebar has fewer concrete cracks on the front and back faces, more effective stress transfers from concrete to steel rebar, and stronger connections with its concrete base. The concrete surface strain distributions predicted by the model under various loading conditions are in good agreement with the crack patterns observed during the tests.

摘要：目的:研究余热回收中的新型烧结矿立式冷却装置填充床的阻力特性,揭示烧结矿填充床宏观特性参数和空隙流动状态,提出适用于烧结矿的阻力特性公式。创新点:1.采用实验方法,获取全面的复杂异形烧结矿颗粒宏观特性数据;2.通过实验测量,提出适用于烧结矿填充床的修正型Ergun阻力方程。方法:1.采用多种实验方法,测量烧结矿的颗粒粒度、球形度和堆积空隙率等宏观特性参数;2.通过阻力实验数据分析,得到烧结矿填充床的宏观特性参数和堆积空隙流动状态;3.通过实验数据拟合,提出适用于烧结矿的阻力特性公式。结论:1.表观流速为0.4?2.4 m/s时烧结矿填充床堆积空隙流动状态由层流过渡到湍流;***方程的不规则异形颗粒的阻力预测值比实验值偏低约40%;3.提出的修正型Ergun预测公式能够预测颗粒雷诺数500至12 000的烧结矿填充床阻力,预测误差在10%以内。

摘要：The study on the earthquake-resistant performance of a pile-soil-structure interaction system is a relatively complicated and primarily important issue in civil engineering practice. In this paper, a computational model and computation procedures for pile-supported structures, which can duly consider the pile-soil interaction effect, arc established by the finite clement method. Numerical implementation is made in the time domain. A simplified approximation for the seismic response analysis of pile-soil-structure systems is briefly presented. Then a comparative study is performed for an engineering example with numerical results computed respectively by the finite clement method and the simplified method. Through comparative analysis, it is shown that the results obtained by the simplified method well agree with those achieved by the finite element method. The numerical results and findings will offer instructive guidelines for earthquake-resistant analysis and design of pile-supported structures.