摘要：作为细胞中的主要运输系统,天然囊泡在物质的定点输运过程中具有至关重要的作用.高分子囊泡是与之结构相似的一种人工囊泡,具有优异的膜稳定性和胶体稳定性、高药物负载率、低膜穿透性、优异的可修饰性和长循环时间等优势,在生物医用领域具有广泛的应用前景.然而,目前该领域尚面临一系列重要挑战,如合成和制备方法较为复杂、生物相容性较难预测、功能和递送途径有限等,限制了其临床转化之路.本文从囊泡的构建模块合成、自组装技术和潜在的生物医学应用等角度,提出了设计和制备下一代高分子囊泡需要解决的五个关键科学问题,指出了未来面临的重要挑战和发展方向,例如简化设计和合成过程,优化和规范自组装过程,拓展潜在的应用前景.

摘要：作为一种新兴的联合治疗策略,肿瘤化学免疫治疗拓展了传统化疗药物的潜在可能性,利用某些化疗药物诱发免疫原性细胞死亡(ICD)激活抗肿瘤免疫应答,提升肿瘤治疗效率.本文设计了一种ICD和免疫激动剂协作的树形高分子纳米平台作为极简“原位”肿瘤疫苗用于高效的化学免疫治疗.利用树状高分子PAMAM担载ICD引发药物DOX以及免疫激动剂CpG,该DOX@PAMAM/CpG(简称DPC)纳米粒子物理性能适宜,通过便捷的瘤内注射可在肿瘤组织良好蓄积和内化,并最大限度地降低全身毒性.在CpG的协助下该纳米粒子可引发强劲的ICD并激活全面的抗肿瘤免疫反应,体内动物实验证实该DPC纳米粒子对侵袭性黑色素瘤具有显著的抑制.本研究为肿瘤化学免疫治疗纳米递药平台的构建提供了一种切实可行的策略.

摘要：瞄准：为了构造人的肝癌房间的稳定的 transfectant，衬里 SMMC7721 能秘密人的 endostatin 并且在 endothelial 房间增长上由 transfectant 表示了探索人的 endostatin 的效果。方法：Recombinant 制动火箭和老鼠白朊信号肽为人的 endostatin 基因包含 cDNA 的病毒的原生质标志 pLncx-Endo 被设计并且由 lipofectamine 转了进 SMMC7721 房间。在有 G418 的选择以后， endostatin-transfected SMMC7721 房间被选择并且膨胀。Immunohistochemical 染色和西方的污点被用来在 transfected SMMC7721 房间和它的媒介检测人的 endostatin 的表示。endostatin-transfected 和控制 SMMC7721 房间的调节媒介是镇定的与人的脐的静脉 endothelial 房间栽培 72 个小时。endostatin 的禁止的效果，由 transfected SMMC7721 房间表示了，在 endothelial 上，在 vitro 的增长被使用 MTT 观察试金。结果：550 bp endostatin 基因的特定的碎片从 endostatin-transfected SMMC7721 房间的 PCR 产品被检测。Immunohistochemistry 和西方的污点分析由 endostatin-transfected SMMC7721 房间证实了外国人的 endostatin 蛋白质的表示和分泌物。在 vitro endothelial 增长，试金显示出那在有人的脐的静脉 endothelial 房间的耕作以后的 72 个小时，在用从 endostatin-transfected SMMC7721 房间的媒介的组的光密度( OD )是 0.51 +/- 0.06 ，从 RPMI 1640 组比那降低( 0.98 +/- 0.09 )或从控制原生质标志 pLncx-transfected SMMC7721 房间( 0.88 +/- 0.11 )。为从 endostatin-transfected SMMC7721 房间的媒介的禁止的率是 48% ，比那显著地高从空原生质标志 pLncx-transfected SMMC7721 房间(10.2% ， P<0.01 ) 。结论：人的 endostatin 能被与人的 endostatin 基因转移的 SMMC7721 房间稳定地表示，它的产品能显著地在 vitro 禁止人的脐的静脉 endothelial 房间的增长。

摘要：Large bone defect regeneration has always been recognized as a challenging clinical problem due to the difficulty of *** treatments exhibit certain inherent disadvantages(e.g.,secondary injury,immunization,and potential infections).However,three-dimensional(3D)printing technology as an emerging field can serve as an effective approach to achieve satisfactory revascularization while making up for the above limitations.A wide variety of methods can be used to facilitate blood supply during the design of a 3D-printed ***,the scaffold structure lays a foundation for the entire printing object;any method to promote angiogenesis can be effective only if it is based on well-designed *** this review,different designs related to angiogenesis are summarized by collecting the literature from recent *** 3D-printed scaffolds are classified into four major categories and discussed in detail,from elementary porous scaffolds to the most advanced bone-like ***,structural design suggestions to achieve rapid angiogenesis are proposed by analyzing the above *** review can provide a reference for organizations or individual academics to achieve improved bone defect repair and regeneration using 3D printing.

摘要：Three-dimensional(3D)tumor models prepared from patient-derived cells have been reported to imitate some of the biological development processes of in situ tumors in *** 3D tumor models share several important characteristics with their in vivo tumor ***,their applications in tumor modeling,drug screening,and precision-targeted treatment are ***,the establishment of tumormodels is subject to several challenges,including advancements in scale size,repeatability,structural precision in time and space,vascularization,and the tumor ***,bioprinting technologies enabling the editorial arrangement of cells,factors,and materials have improved the simulation of tumormodels in *** the 3D bioprinted tumor models,the organoidmodel has been widely appreciated for its advantages of maintaining high heterogeneity and capacity for simulating the developmental process of tumor *** this review,we outline approaches and potential prospects for tumor model bioprinting and discuss the existing bioprinting technologies and bioinks in tumor model *** multidisciplinary combination of tumor pathology,molecular biology,material science,and additive manufacturing will help overcome the barriers to tumor model construction by allowing consideration of the structural and functional characteristics of in vitro models and promoting the development of heterogeneous tumor precision therapies.

摘要：The key to managing fracture is to achieve stable internal fixation,and currently,biologically and mechanically appropriate internal fixation devices are urgently *** excellent biocompatibility and corrosion resistance,titanium–niobium alloys have the potential to become a new generation of internal fixation materials for ***,the role and mechanism of titanium–niobium alloys on promoting fracture healing are still ***,in this study,we systematically evaluated the bone-enabling properties of Ti45Nb via in vivo and in vitro *** vitro,we found that Ti45Nb has an excellent ability to promote MC3T3-E1 cell adhesion and proliferation without obvious *** phosphatase(ALP)activity and alizarin red staining and semiquantitative analysis showed that Ti45Nb enhanced the osteogenic differentiation of MC3T3-E1 cells compared to the Ti6Al4V *** the polymerase chain reaction experiment,the expression of osteogenic genes in the Ti45Nb group,such as ALP,osteopontin(OPN),osteocalcin(OCN),type 1 collagen(Col-1)and runt-related transcription factor-2(Runx2),was significantly higher than that in the control ***,in the western blot experiment,the expression of osteogenic-related proteins in the Ti45Nb group was significantly increased,and the expression of PI3K–Akt-related proteins was also higher,which indicated that Ti45Nb might promote fracture healing by activating the PI3K–Akt signaling *** vivo,we found that Ti45Nb implants accelerated fracture healing compared to Ti6Al4V,and the biosafety of Ti45Nb was confirmed by histological ***,immunohistochemical staining confirmed that Ti45Nb may promote osteogenesis by upregulating the PI3K/Akt signaling *** study demonstrated that Ti45Nb exerts an excellent ability to promote fracture healing as well as enhance osteoblast differentiation by activating the PI3K/Akt signaling pathway,and its good biosafety has been confirmed

摘要：Organ-on-a-chip systems have been increasingly recognized as attractive platforms to assess toxicity and to develop new therapeutic ***,current organ-on-a-chip platforms are limited by a“single pot”design,which inevitably requires holistic analysis and limits parallel ***,we developed a digital organ-on-a-chip by combining a microwell array with cellular microspheres,which significantly increased the parallelism over traditional organ-on-a-chip for drug *** to 127 uniform liver cancer microspheres in this digital organ-on-a-chip format served as individual analytical units,allowing for analysis with high consistency and quick *** platform displayed evident anti-cancer efficacy at a concentration of 10μM for sorafenib,and had greater alignment than the“single pot”organ-on-a-chip with a previous in vivo *** addition,this digital organ-on-a-chip demonstrated the treatment efficacy of natural killer cell-derived extracellular vesicles for liver cancer at 50μg/*** successful development of this digital organ-on-a-chip platform provides high-parallelism and a low-variability analytical tool for toxicity assessment and the exploration of new anticancer modalities,thereby accelerating the joint endeavor to combat cancer.

摘要：Following dental implantation,the characteristic bacterial milieu of the oral cavity may lead to peri-implant inflammation,which can negatively impact osseointegration and cause implant *** improve soft tissue sealing around the implant,enhance osseointegration,and improve implant success rates,this paper proposes a composite multifunctional coating(PHG)prepared using gelatin and polydopamine/hydroxyapatite nanoparticles,investigates the effects of this novel coating on cell adhesion,proliferation,antibacterial activity,osteogenic differentiation,and evaluates its immune-related *** PHG coating was proved to have satisfactory hydrophilicity and wettability for cell ***,it improved the expression of adhesion-related genes and proteins in human gingival fibroblasts,indicating its adhesion-promoting ***,bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells exhibited strong osteogenic differentiation potential and mineralization on PHG-coated ***,the PHG coating exhibited antibacterial activity against Streptococcus mutans,as well as anti-inflammatory effects,potentially via the regulation of ***,the proposed PHG coating may promote soft tissue sealing and bone bonding,providing a potential strategy for the surface modification of dental implants.

摘要：国际糖尿病足工作组(IWGDF)自1999年以来发布了糖尿病足病预防和治疗的循证指南。这是IWGDF发布的第一部关于糖尿病患者活动期夏科神经性骨关节病诊断和治疗的指南。我们遵循GRADE方法,以人群-评估-比较-结局(PACO)和人群-干预-比较-结局(PICO)的格式设计临床问题,系统检索医学文献,并提出有依据的推荐。这些推荐是基于我们系统综述的证据,如无证据则参考专家意见,并考虑到与干预相关的受益和危害、患者偏好、可行性和适用性以及成本的权衡。我们在本章节介绍了2023年糖尿病患者活动期夏科神经性骨关节病的诊断和治疗指南,并提出了未来的关键研究方向。

摘要：受蜂鸟颜色调节机制的启发,通过将N-异丙基丙烯酸胺(NIPAM)和硬脂基丙烯酸酯(SA)共聚物引入到反蛋白石支架中,本文提出了一种新型的形状记忆结构色水凝胶薄膜.共聚物水凝胶优异的柔韧性和反蛋白石结构的存在,赋予了薄膜稳定的拉伸性和鲜艳的结构色.同时,共聚物的瞬态结构各向异性使得薄膜具有形状记忆的性能.利用其形状记忆和结构色响应性能,可以设计各种具有复杂形状的不同结构色的执行器.值得一提的是,具有光热响应的石墨烯量子点可以集成到水凝胶薄膜中,使其具有光控可逆变形和同步结构色变化的特性.本文提出的形状记忆结构色水凝胶薄膜在传感、通信和软机器人伪装方面都展现了巨大的应用潜力.