摘要：Conceptual design, data model and key techniques of "Geo-engineer 3D assistant", an underground 3D GIS oriented to geology and mine application, were discussed. In particular, the importance of high-order smoothing triangular pieces to surface's fine expression in geological modeling was emphasized. The contour mode is the most favorite mode of the three modes about surface expression: DEM, TIN and contour. Topology in underground 3D modeling with CAGD was compared. From the view of boundary and coboundary, which is soul of IS 19107 (Geographic information spatial schema), 3D underground topology was re-examined.

摘要：Evapotranspiration(ET)is of great significance for the ecological environment and water resource utilization in arid and semi-arid *** Mongolian Plateau,owing to drought,low rainfall,and extremely uneven distribution of water resources,has a typical temperate continental climate.A refined understanding of the spatiotemporal distribution of ET in this region will help in establishing regulatory strategies for climate change responses,regional livestock regulation,and grassland degradation *** this study,meteorological station data,precipitation data,and the Penman-Monteith model were used to study the temporal and spatial distribution characteristics of actual ET over the Mongolian Plateau from 2011 to *** found that:(1)The spatial distribution of ET in the Mongolian Plateau showed a high trend in the north and east and a low trend in the middle and *** was a significant difference in the regional annual ET,with the highest ET reaching over 500 mm and the lowest being only approximately 70 mm.(2)The annual ET values in 2013,2018,and 2019 were relatively large,varying between 80 and 500 mm,and the overall ET of the Mongolian Plateau first decreased,then increased,and then decreased.(3)The temporal distribution exhibits a unimodal trend of increasing and then decreasing,with July being the turning ***-September was a period of high ET,with the highest ET exceeding 100 *** vegetation coverage was high,precipitation was abundant,and the vegetation ET effect was *** was a period of low ET,with a maximum ET of approximately 10 mm in January and December;the ET for the month with the lowest value was approximately *** quantitative inversion method proposed in this study can provide method and data support for north and central Asia,and other large arid and semi-arid areas.

摘要：Three major threats to ocean security and coastal zone sustainability - global warming, the loss of ocean biodiversity, and pollution - are combining to threaten the ecological integrity of our marine environment and life support systems. We put forward a geomatics-based systems engineering architecture to identify the location and extent of oil spills, thereby improving the ecological integrity of the world＇s oceans and helping contingency planners to determine required assets, personnel and other resources. This real-time, event-based and cost effective emergency management decision support system can aid in the classification, detection, and monitoring of oil spills in the marine environment. The developed Synthetic-Aperture Radar （SAR） processing and calibration techniques efficiently monitor environmental changes in inaccessible ocean regions, characterize oil spill scenarios, and help to identify spill sources. The system is used to improve emergency management in the Gulf of Mexico, with application to oil spills arising from Hurricane Katrina.

摘要：Surveying control network optimization design is related to standards, such as precision, reliability, sensitivity and the cost, and these standards are related closely to each other. A new method for surveying control network simulation optimization design is proposed. This method is based on the inner reliability index of the observation values.

摘要：Based on the fact that it is diffi cult to implement optimum inversion using 2D and 3D forward modeling with magnetic-source transient electromagnetics(TEM),this paper explores a novel approach to the implementation of 2D magnetic-source TEM *** particular,we converted magnetic-source TEM data into magnetotelluric(MT)data and then used a 2D MT inversion method to implement a 2D magnetic-source TEM inversion ***,we studied the similarity between magnetic-source TEM waves and MT waves and between magnetic-source TEM all-time apparent resistivity and MT Cagniard apparent ***,we selected an optimal time-frequency transformation coeffi cient to implement rapid time-frequency transformation of all-time TEM apparent resistivity to MT Cagniard apparent ***,we conducted 1D pseudo-MT inversions of magnetic-source 1D TEM theoretical *** 1D inversion results demonstrated that the diff erence between the inversion parameters and model parameters was small,while the MT 1D inversion method could be used to conduct magnetic 1D TEM inversion within a certain margin of *** further conducted 2D pseudo-MT inversions of 3D magnetic-source TEM theoretical models,and the 2D inversion results indicated that selecting a joint 2D pseudo-MT transverse-electric(TE)and transverse-magnetic(TM)inversion method based on measuring the line above a 3D anomalous body can help to accurately implement a 2D inversion interpretation of the 3D TEM response.

摘要：A GIS for ocean applications called ＂the Xiamen Atmospheric and Oceanographic Data Management and Display System （AODMDS）＂ has been designed and developed. The system is based on ArcObjects （AO）, a component-based GIS de- velopment tool. The paper discusses in detail the storage and organization of the atmospheric and oceanographic data, the strategy and methods for the visualization and mapping of oceanographic and atmospheric data, and the implementation of the methods in AODMDS. It also discusses some advanced display control techniques that expand the functions of ArcObjects One of the techniques is ＂gradient-fill-style color-map control,＂ which provides a feasible color-rich display control for all types of raster maps. As a stand-alone desktop GIS system built on AO, AODMDS provides effective data management and powerful mapping and visualization functions for atmospheric and oceanographic data.

摘要：By analyzing the abrasive theory of concrete diamond sawblade, the proposal that the diamond should be selected by its function in cutting concrete is presented. The part of the big grit diamonds cut rock, and the part of the small grit diamonds improve the wearability of the matrix. The contrast tests are done with different shapes of sawbaldes in split segment, slant "U" slot segment, sandwich segment, turbo segment and three-slot segment. The special shapes of sawblades can improve the effect of cooling and the removing ability of the rock powder. The data of tests show that the efficiency of cutting and the life of sawblades are improved by designing the diamond prescription and using the especial geometry of segment.

摘要：SVLBI （space very long baseline interferometry） has some important potential applications in geodesy and geodynamics, for which one of the most difficult tasks is to precisely determine the orbit of an SVLBI satellite. This work studies several technologies that will possibly be able to determine the orbit of a space VLBI satellite. Then, according to the types and charac- teristics of the satellite and the requirements for geodetic study and the geometry of the GNSS （GPS, GALILEO） satellite to track the space VLBI satellite, the six Keplerian elements of the SVLBI satellite （TEST-SVLBI） are determined. A program is designed to analyze the coverage area of space of different altitudes by the stations of the network, with which the tracking network of TEST-SVLBI is designed. The efficiency of tracking TEST-SVLBI by the network is studied, and the results are presented.

摘要：A new method is proposed for slope optimization design based on the limit curve method, where the slope is in the limit equilibrium state when the limit slope curve determined by the slip-line field theory and the slope intersect at the toe of the slope. Compared with the strength reduction (SR) method, finite element limit analysis method, and the SR method based on Davis algorithm, the new method is suitable for determining the slope stability and limit slope angle (LSA). The optimal slope shape is determined based on a series of slope heights and LSA values, which increases the LSA by 2.45°-11.14° and reduces an invalid overburden amount of rocks by 9.15%, compared with the space mechanics theory. The proposed method gives the objective quantification index of instability criterion, and results in a significant engineering economy.

摘要：This study aimed to design a new ecological model to be used in ecological land evaluation studies, using careful planning and sustainable resource in the region to develop a sustainable and comprehensive guide. The results show that the study area has grade 1 and 2 urban sustainable planning. Capability Grade 1 has area 149,724.25 hectares equal 22.2% that is stretched from East to West Range. Capability Grade2 has area about 18533.28 hectares equal 2.7% that located in the South, East and South-East. The results show that the greater extent of this range is the unsustainable site, which extends over 506,664.81 hectares, equivalent to 75.1% that areas compliance by the Environmental Protection area. Another important result of this study is unsuitable area for urban development and the range of services already seating workshops and industrial units. This is due to the arrival of adverse environmental effects. Therefore, this study has been focusing on reform of the status of land of use and the optimal use of the ecological potential.