摘要：在对杆菌 thuringiensis (Berliner )(Bt ) 的内毒素的害虫的抵抗是对这简历杀虫剂的实用性的主要威胁，两个都用作传统的明确的表达并且在转基因的庄稼。为成功的抵抗管理策略的发展的一个关键要求是性质的分子的理解和抗性机制的继承。这个信息能被用来设计将推迟或抵抗 Bt 抵抗的管理策略。最好已知的 Bt 抗性机制在刷子边阶膜受体的激活。这类抵抗有继承的一个大部分后退的模式，它启用了抵抗管理途径包含，高剂量和避难处策略的设计。最近的观察建议另外的抗性机制是可能的，包括扣押的机制在通过可诱导的有免疫力的反应的内脏腔的毒素。与忍耐联系到毒素的提高的有免疫力的地位能被母体影响传给随后的代，它在这块地里为抵抗管理有含意。高 dose/refugestrategy 不能为这些其他的抗性机制的管理是适当的，如果可诱导的主导的抵抗或忍耐机制在这块地里经常发生，另外的策略不得不被发展。

摘要：RNAs of different shapes and sizes,natural or synthetic,can regulate gene expression in prokaryotes and *** RNAs have recently appeared to be more widespread than previously thought,but their role in prokaryotes remains ***,by inserting a riboregulatory sequence within a group I permuted intron-exon ribozyme,we created a small noncoding RNA that self-splices to produce a circular riboregulator in Escherichia *** showed that the resulting riboregulator can trans-activate gene expression by interacting with a cis-repressed messenger *** characterized the system with a fluorescent reporter and with an antibiotic resistance marker,and we modeled this novel posttranscriptional *** first reported example of a circular RNA regulating gene expression in *** adds to an increasing repertoire of RNA synthetic biology parts,and it highlights that topological molecules can play a role in the case of prokaryotic regulation.

摘要：Light-regulated gene expression systems allow controlling gene expression in space and time with high *** to previous synthetic light sensors that incorporate two-component systems which require localization at the plasma membrane,soluble one-component repression systems provide several advantageous ***,they are soluble and able to diffuse across the ***,they are smaller and of lower complexity,enabling less taxing expression and optimization of fewer ***,repression through steric hindrance is a widespread regulation mechanism that does not require specific interaction with host factors,potentially enabling implementation in different ***,we present the design of the synthetic promoter P_(EL)that in combination with the light-regulated dimer EL222 constitutes a onecomponent repression *** by previously engineered synthetic promoters and the Escherichia coli lacZYA promoter,we designed P_(EL)with two EL222 operators positioned to hinder RNA polymerase binding when EL222 is bound.P_(EL)is repressed by EL222 under conditions of white light with a light-regulated repression ratio of ***,alternating conditions of darkness and light in cycles as short as one hour showed that repression is *** design of the P_(EL)EL222 system herein presented could aid the design and implementation of analogous one-component optogenetic repression ***,we compare the P_(EL)-EL222 system with similar systems and suggest general improvements that could optimize and extend the functionality of EL222-based as well as other one-component repression systems.

摘要：Over the course of civilization,humans have increasingly expanded their freedom to live a better *** comparison with the primitive society,our modern society has many more choices of life-supporting resources,such as yearround food supply,permanent shelters,diverse energy sources,and effective preventive and curing ***,our society is currently still heavily relying on the resources provided by Mother Nature,which cannot meet the future global needs in terms of both quantity and quality under the pressure of population growth,natural resource reduction,and environmental *** example,the food sources originating from plants,animals,or microbes do not have the nutrition balance for optimal human health[1–3].Climate change and environmental deterioration threaten the food security[4–6].Increasingly,infectious diseases(e.g.,HIV/AIDS),genetic diseases(e.g.,cancer),and improper lifestyle-related disorders(e.g.,obesity)become more prevalent and remain challenging to be prevented,controlled,and *** medical technologies and modern medicine development are also meeting the ceiling.