摘要：Mg-Al alloys have excellent strength and ductility but relatively low thermal conductivity due to Al *** accurate prediction of thermal conductivity is a prerequisite for designing Mg-Al alloys with high thermal ***,databases for predicting temperature-and composition-dependent thermal conductivities must be *** this study,Mg-Al-La alloys with different contents of Al2La,Al3La,and Al11La3phases and solid solubility of Al in the α-Mg phase were *** influence of the second phase(s) and Al solid solubility on thermal conductivity was *** results revealed a second phase transformation from Al_(2)La to Al_(3)La and further to Al_(11)La_(3)with the increasing Al content at a constant La *** degree of the negative effect of the second phase(s) on thermal diffusivity followed the sequence of Al2La>Al3La>Al_(11)La_(3).Compared with the second phase,an increase in the solid solubility of Al in α-Mg remarkably reduced the thermal *** the basis of the experimental data,a database of the reciprocal thermal diffusivity of the Mg-Al-La system was established by calculation of the phase diagram (CALPHAD)*** a standard error of±1.2 W/(m·K),the predicted results were in good agreement with the experimental *** established database can be used to design Mg-Al alloys with high thermal conductivity and provide valuable guidance for expanding their application prospects.

摘要：Short-range ordering(SRO)is one of the most important structural features of high entropy alloys(HEAs).However,the chemical and structural analyses of SROs are very difficult due to their small size,complexed compositions,and varied *** electron microscopy(TEM)as well as its aberration correction techniques are powerful for characterizing SROs in these compositionally complex *** this short communication,we summarized recent progresses regarding characterization of SROs using TEM in the field of *** using advanced TEM techniques,not only the existence of SROs was confirmed,but also the effect of SROs on the deformation mechanism was ***,the perspective related to application of TEM techniques in HEAs are also discussed.

摘要：二维过渡金属硫族化合物(TMDCs)材料被认为是拓展摩尔定律的极具前景的候选材料.然而,该材料的低光致发光效率严重限制了其实际应用,其本质源于材料制备中不可避免引入的缺陷.在本文中,我们报道了一种Sr掺杂单层MoS_(2)的有效缺陷工程策略,该策略在实验上通过简便的化学气相沉积(CVD)一步法成功实现.所制备的具有亚毫米(~324μm)级的大尺寸样品的光致发光可实现高达两个数量级的增强,并伴随着载流子寿命的显著增强.这一现象主要归因于Sr掺杂后MoS_(2)体系中其三激子向激子转换.与此同时,掺杂样品的辐射质量和稳定性也显著提升.第一性原理计算进一步阐明了其调控机制,即在MoS_(2)中引入适当互补缺陷能级与其自身的缺陷能级协同,从而可调节其载流子组分,以实现光致发光的显著增强.此外,我们的缺陷工程策略也适用于其他掺杂剂,如钙掺杂剂.我们的工作报告了一种可以显著提升单层MoS_(2)的荧光性能的有效缺陷工程策略,这为设计和调控二维TMDCs的光电特性提供一种极具前途的方法.

摘要：钛的弹性模量受β相稳定性的影响较大。具有低β相稳定性和无毒元素的亚稳定β或近β钛通常可以实现较低的弹性模量。本研究提出了一种高效的组成设计方法,结合CALPHAD计算和纳米压痕测试,以设计具有低模量的Ti-Nb-Zr-Sn-Ta合金。通过这种方法,开发了一种具有低模量、高强度和良好塑性(弹性模量为(58.3±2.0)GPa,抗拉强度为(813.3±7.2)MPa,伸长率为(25.3±2.1)%)的近β钛Ti-18Nb-8Zr-5Sn-2Ta。实验结果显示,传统的钼当量法高估了Sn和Zr对钛合金的β相稳定性的影响,而对于Ti-Nb-Zr-Sn-Ta合金,Nb和Ta能更有效地稳定β相。

摘要：The catalyst function was achieved in two regions in an oxygen permeation membrane reactor： H2 dissociated and reacted with lattice oxygen or oxygen ions to form H20 near the membrane surface. The H20 formed could react with the residual CH4 away from the membrane surface area.

摘要：Thermophotovoltaic (TPV) system has been regarded as one promising means to alleviate current energy demand because it can directly generate electricity from radiation heat via photons. However, the presently available TPV systems suffer from low conversion efficiency and low throughput. A viable solution to increase their efficiency is to apply micro/nanoscale radiation principles in the design of different components to utilize the characteristics of thermal radiation at small distances and in microstructures. Several critical issues are reviewed, such as photovoltaic effect, quantum efficiency and efficiency of TPV system. Emphasis is given to the development of wavelength-selective emitters and filters and the aspects of micro/nanoscale heat transfer. Recent progress, along with the challenges and opportunities for future development of TPV systems are also outlined.

摘要：The influences of the ratio of the radius of atom A（rA） to radius of atom B（rB）, electronegativity and electron number were discussed on the Laves phase formation and the characteristics of Zr-based AB2 type hydrogen storage alloy. An enthalpy model of Zr-based AB2 alloy was obtained from known data and twelve Zr-based alloys were designed to test the model. The results show that the predicted values are in good agreement with the experimental values. The model can be used for predicting enthalpy values of Zr-based hydrogen storage alloys and settles a foundation for experiments.

摘要：本文设计并制造了一种能够制备高质量非晶复合材料条带的新型配有水冷铜板的双辊铸轧原型机.利用该轧机在不同温度下成功制备了具有三种不同体积分数β-Ti枝晶的非晶复合材料带材(简称BT30,BT48和BT60),并通过一系列三点弯曲试验研究了其力学性能.结果表明,在高温下轧制的带材,高温元素在中间区域富集,导致成分分布不均.此外,由于铸轧过程中热力耦合导致在非晶复合材料中存在较大的内应力,这会显著影响其力学性能.新型铸轧设备为制备非晶复合材料带材提供了新的途径,基于该设备进行的研究深化了对非晶复合材料带材微观组织及力学性能的理解.

摘要：低弹性模量及低磁化率是新型生物医用合金设计过程中所需要的关键性能,但是目前已有的许多医用合金由于不能满足这两种关键性能的要求,从而被限制了其在临床医学上的应用,因此,本文提出了一种通过添加Sn元素来降低生物合金弹性模量和磁化率的方法。根据之前的关于Sn含量对Zr合金力学性能及磁性影响的研究及文献的报道,选择在Zr-16Nb-xTi (x=4 wt%,16 wt%)合金中添加4%和6%的Sn。通过表征Zr-16Nb-xTi-ySn (x=4 wt%,16 wt%;y=4 wt%,6 wt%)合金的微观组织,力学性能和磁性能后发现,随着Sn元素含量的增加,Zr-16Nb-xTi-ySn (x=4 wt%,16 wt%;y=4 wt%,6 wt%)合金中的β相和马氏体α″相含量分别呈现出上升和下降的趋势,除了Zr-16Nb-4Ti-6Sn之外,Zr-16Nb-xTi-ySn (x=4 wt%,16 wt%;y=4 wt%,6 wt%)合金的弹性模量,强度及伸长率随着Sn含量的增加而增加。随着Sn含量从4%增加到6%,Zr-16Nb-16Ti合金的磁化率下降最为明显。弹性模量的变化与合金中β和α″马氏体相含量的变化密切相关,添加Sn元素可以促进α′马氏体转变为与β相结构更为接近的α″马氏体,同时Sn元素本身的磁化率极低,这是合金总体磁化率下降的主要原因。在所研究的合金中,Zr-16Nb-4Ti-6Sn展示出最低的弹性模量及磁化率,显示出最优异的综合性能。

摘要：水系钾基电池(APBs)因具有高安全性和环境友好的性质而被广泛研究.然而,由于电极材料和工作机制的限制,APBs在倍率性能和能量密度方面需要进一步提高,以满足发展需求.针对上述问题,我们首次成功设计并组装了以Z n金属作为阳极,K1.9 2C u0.6 2M n0.3 8-[Fe(CN)6]0.968·□0.0 3 2·H_(2)O0.35作为阴极,2 mol L-1Zn(SO_(3)CF3)2+12 mol L-1KSO_(3)CF3作为电解液的水系钾基电池.这种混合离子体系的设计优点是:(i)选择金属锌作为阳极,提高了APBs的工作电位;(ii)双阳离子储存机制缩短了离子传输路径;(ⅲ)来自双阳离子电解质的K+通过静电屏蔽作用抑制了锌枝晶的生长.因此,组装后的全电池具有1.75 V的高工作电位,并具有优异的倍率性能(在10,000 mA g-1的电流密度下,保持原有容量的83.3%).此外,通过理论相场模拟和综合表征充分揭示了原位静电屏蔽效应,显著抑制了锌阳极的枝晶生长,提高了全电池稳定性.混合离子电池的结构设计为高性能APBs的发展提供了思路.