摘要：The microbiota-gut-brain axis(MGBA)has emerged as a key prospect in the bidirectional communication between two major organ systems:the brain and the *** between the two organ systems allows the body to function without disease,whereas dysbiosis has long-standing evidence of etiopathological *** most common communication paths are the microbial release of metabolites,soluble neurotransmitters,and immune ***,each pathway is intertwined with a complex *** the emergence of in vitro models and the popularity of three-dimensional(3D)cultures and Transwells,engineering has become easier for the scientific understanding of neurodegenerative *** paper briefly retraces the possible communication pathways between the gut microbiome and the *** further elaborates on three major diseases:autism spectrum disorder,Parkinson’s disease,and Alzheimer’s disease,which are prevalent in children and the *** diseases also decrease patients’quality of ***,understanding them more deeply with respect to current advances in in vitro modeling is crucial for understanding the *** of MGBA in the laboratory uses many molecular technologies and biomaterial *** and organoids provide a more realistic picture of the cell and tissue structure than *** them with the Transwell system offers the advantage of compartmentalizing the two systems(apical and basal)while allowing physical and chemical cues between ***-edge technologies,such as bioprinting and microfluidic chips,might be the future of in vitro modeling,as they provide dynamicity.

摘要：王炳和博士，《中国药学》（英文版）编委，佐治亚州也大学化学系杰出终身校董事教授（Regents Professor），文理学院副院长，以及医药及诊断试制研究中心主任。在药物研发上，他被授予并持有优治亚科研联盟杰出学者的席位。他也享有佐治亚癌症联盟的卓越学者的称号。

摘要：The conventional microwell-based platform for construction of organoid models exhibits limitations in precision oncology applications because of low-speed growth and high variability. Here, we established organoid models on a nested array chip for fast and reproducible drug testing using 50% matrigel. First, we constructed mouse small intestinal and colonic organoid models. Compared with the conventional microwell-based platform, the mouse organoids on the chip showed accelerated growth and improved reproducibility due to the nested design of the chip. The design of the chip provides miniaturized and uniform shaping of the matrigel that allows the organoid to grow in a concentrated and controlled manner. Next, a patient-derived organoid(PDO) model from colorectal cancer tissues was successfully generated and characterized on the chip. Finally, the PDO models on the chip, from three patients, were implemented for high-throughput drug screening using nine treatment regimens. The drug sensitivity testing on the PDO models showed good quality control with a coefficient of variation under 10% and a Z’ factor of more than 0.7. More importantly, the drug responses on the chip recapitulate the heterogeneous response of individual patients, as well as showing a potential correlation with clinical outcomes. Therefore,the organoid model coupled with the nested array chip platform provides a fast and reproducible means for predicting drug responses to accelerate precise oncology.

摘要：Micro-/nano-patterns on hydrogels are widely used in cell ***,manufacturing molds with traditional lithography is time-consuming and *** addition,the excessive demolding force can easily damage patterns since biocompatible hydrogels are ultra-soft or ***,we presented a novel method for rapid and mass fabrication of cell ***-precision three-dimensional(3D)printing was used to manufacture a mold with a resolution of 2µm,and the gelatin-based hydrogel was cured by thermal–photo-crosslinking so that the low-concentration and low-substitutionrate hydrogel could be demolded *** found that pre-cooling before illumination made gelatin-based hydrogels resilient due to the partial regain of triple-helix *** this method,arbitrarily customized hydrogel patterns with a feature size of 6–80µm can be fabricated stably and at low *** cardiomyocytes were seeded on ultra-soft hydrogels with parallel groove structures,a consistent and spontaneous beating with 216 beats per minute(BPM)could be observed,approaching the natural beating rate of rat hearts(300 BPM).Overall,this work provides a general scheme for manufacturing cell patterns which has great potential for cell ethology and tissue repair.

摘要：Coronavirus disease 2019(COVID-19),caused by severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2,has spread globally and threatens public *** in vitro models that recapitulate the architecture and functioning of specific tissues and organs are in high demand for COVID-19-related pathology studies and drug *** three-dimensional in vitro cultures,such as self-assembled and engineered organoid cultures,surpass conventional two-dimensional cultures and animal models with respect to increased cellular complexity,an environment more relevant to humans,and reduced cost,they are promising platforms for understanding viral pathogenesis and developing new *** review highlights the recent advances in self-assembled and engineered organoid technologies that are used for COVID-19 *** challenges and future perspectives are also discussed.

摘要：In this paper,we present a 3D printed tumor spheroidal model suitable for drug *** model is based on a hydroxyethyl cellulose/alginate/gelatin(HCSG)composite biomaterial that has three distinct properties:(1)the HCSG is similar to the commercial basement membrane extract in Ki67,MUC1,and PARP1 expressions of MCF-7 cells for embedding culture;(2)the HCSG is printable at room temperature;and(3)the HCSG can be large-scale manufactured at an ultralow *** printed a 3D MCF-7 spheroid model with HCSG and characterized it in terms of cell viability,spheroid size,key protein expression,and mitochondrial metabolic *** used the 3D MCF-7 spheroid model to evaluate the anti-breast cancer activity of 13 amino acid-based flavone phosphoramidates and found that the alanine structure induced a stronger drug resistance,whereas phenylalanine hardly caused drug resistance in the MCF-7 *** is the first time that 3D bioprinting technology has been used in a structure–activity relationship study.

摘要：4,5-Dihydro-3-methylbenzo[1,2-b]furan-4,5-dione（4） was identified as a novel and potent inhibitor of caspase-3 through structural modification of an existing drug, sodium tanshinone IIA sulfonate（STS）. Compound 4 showed high potency against caspase-3 in vitro（ICso=0. 13μmol/L）. Molecular docking study further provided an insight into the interaction of compound 4 with activated caspase-3. Hence, this small-molecule caspase-3 inhibitor could be a oromising theraoeutic candidate against diseases caused by abnormally up-regulated apptosis.

摘要：我们这里开发简单湿化学特别在碱的水的状况下面通过 epoxide aminolysis 准备共有原子价 functionalized graphenes (FG ) 。显著地，一系列典型 monoamines，例如工业猎人 Jeffamine？有吸水或恐水病的 polyetheramine 链的 M-2070 和 M-2005 聚合物，断然控告的 2-amino-N， N， Ntrimethylpropanaminium，否定地控告的 sulfanilic 酸的、平 oligopeptide 顺序，能是有效地，有共有原子价 functionalization 并且部分的 graphene 氧化物先锋的血小板上的 grafted 减少了特征。这策略提供研究人员设计并且综合的一条灵巧、方便的途径解决方案可处理，为用电子墨水，药搬运人和 biomedicines 的有势力应用程序的 biocompatible 和 functionalized graphenes。当前的学习的扩大在我们的实验室是活跃地进行中的。

摘要：我们以前证明象多足一样组织了 DNA，或 polypodna，与三或更构造了 oligodeoxynucleotides (ODN ) ，被象树枝状的房间和巨噬细胞那样的有免疫力的房间高效地收起，取决于它的结构的复杂性。包括 polypodna 的 ODN 应该弯曲形成象多足一样结构，并且可以那么由采用 bendtype 符合构造或跨类型的符合构造做。这里，我们试着阐明取向并且用原子力量显微镜学(AFM ) 在 polypodnas ODN 弯曲。我们设计了 pentapodnas 的二种类型(即，有五个豆荚的 polypodna ) 使用 60- 到 88 底 ODN，它然后在 DNA origami 上被使不能调动装裱。AFM 成像证明在 pentapodna 的 ODN 采用了拐弯类型符合构造。当他们在非强迫的条件下面在框架上被使不能调动时， Tetrapodna 和 hexapodna 也采用了拐弯类型符合构造。这些调查结果提供向协调设计的有用信息，和 structureactivity 关系为，许多 DNA nanostructures。

摘要：耐冻和抗干水凝胶由于其在不同环境下的良好适应性,在制造可穿戴电子产品中引起了极大的关注.然而,目前的耐冻抗干水凝胶主要依赖于不同添加剂的掺入,这严重限制了其应用.本文设计合成了一种含季铵基团侧链的水凝胶,该水凝胶在不添加有机溶剂和高浓度离子化合物时仍具有耐冻、抗干性能.在-40℃,该水凝胶保持其柔韧性;在60%相对湿度下,放置7天后仍保持高拉伸性.此外,基于该水凝胶的电容型传感器对拉伸和压缩变形都具有很高的敏感性,能够用于检测人体在不同环境下的运动.这种新型水凝胶可作为适用于各种气候环境的多功能传感器的理想平台.