摘要：Nanomaterials have garnered recognition for their notable surface effects and demonstration of superior mechanical *** studies on the surface effects of nanomaterials,employing the finite element method,often relied on simplified twodimensional models due to theoretical ***,these simplified models inadequately represent the mechanical properties of nanomaterials and fail to capture the substantial impact of surface effects,particularly the curvature dependence of *** study applies the principle of minimum energy and leverages the Steigmann-Ogden surface theory of nanomaterials to formulate a novel finite element surface element that comprehensively accounts for surface *** conducted an analysis of the stress distribution and deformation characteristics of four typical 2D and 3D nanomaterial *** accuracy of the developed surface element and finite element calculation method was verified through comparison with established *** resulting finite element model provides a robust and compelling scientific approach for accurately predicting the mechanical performance of nanomaterials.

摘要：Phase transformation of two-dimensional(2D)nanomaterials can lead to significant changes in electronic and optical properties,which enables the development of novel *** strategies for phase engineering of 2D nanomaterials have drawn considerable attention in recent *** review focuses on the state-of-the-art progress in the phase transformation of 2D nanomaterials and their catalytic ***,the basic concepts of phase transformation and the outstanding electronic and optical properties induced by phase transformation are briefly ***,different strategies for achieving phase transformation are discussed in detail and classified into several types based on their characteristics,including(i)doping,(ii)external fields,(iii)optical irradiation,(iv)strain effect,(v)high-energy particle excitation,and(vi)thermal *** applications of 2D nanomaterials in catalysis based on phase transformation have also been ***,a summary of the technical challenges to phase control in 2D nanomaterials and potential opportunities for developing novel applications is presented.

摘要：The nitrogen-coordinated metal single-atom catalysts(M−N−C SACs)with an ultra-high metal loading synthetized by direct high-temperature pyrolysis have been widely ***,most of metal single atoms in these catalysts were buried in the carbon matrix,resulting in a low metal utilization and inaccessibility for adsorption of reactants during the catalytic ***,we reported a facile synthesis based on the hard-soft acid-base(HSAB)theory to fabricate Co single-atom catalysts with highly exposed metal atoms ligated to the external pyridinic-N sites of a nitrogen-doped carbon *** from the highly accessible Co active sites,the prepared Co−N−C SAC exhibited a superior oxygen reduction reactivity comparable to that of the commercial Pt/C catalyst,showing a high turnover frequency(TOF)of 0.93 e^(−)·s^(-1)·site^(-1)at 0.85 V ***,far exceeding those of some representative SACs with a ultra-high metal *** work provides a rational strategy to design and prepare M−N−C single-atom catalysts featured with high site-accessibility and site-density.

摘要：According to analysis of the ^14C content in two Japanese trees, that grew over a period of approximately 3000 years, with high time resolution, Miyake et al. found a rapid increase at AD 774-775 and another one at AD 993-994. These increases correspond to high-energy events that happened within those years and radi- ated ＂）,-ray energy of about 7x 1034 erg toward the Earth. The origin of these events is a mystery. Such strong events should have an unusual optical counterpart, and have been recorded in historical literatures. We searched Chinese historical materi- als around AD 744-775 and AD 993-994, but no remarkable event was found except for a violent thunderstorm in AD 775. However, the possibility of a thunderstorm containing so much energy is unlikely. We conclude that the events, which caused the 14C increase, are still unclear. These events most probably had no optical counterpart, and a short gamma-ray burst, giant flare of a soft gamma-ray repeater or a terrestrial γ-ray flash could all be candidates.

摘要：The high-current superconducting proton linac is being studied for the accelerator-driven system （ADS） project undertaken by the Chinese Academy of sciences. The injector II will be operated at 162.5 MHz, and the proton out from the RFQ with an energy of 2.5 MeV will .be accelerated to 10 MeV by two cryo-modules, which are composed of eight superconducting half wave resonance cavities and nine solenoids. In this paper, the design and beam simulation of the superconducting section of the injector Ⅱ, the acceptance calculation and a stability analysis are presented.

摘要：CFETR is the ＂ITER-like＂ China fusion engineering test reactor. The design of the breeding blanket is one of the key issues in achieving the required tritium breeding radio for the self-sufficiency of tritium as a fuel. As one option, a BIT （breeder insider tube） type helium cooled ceramic breeder blanket （HCCB） was designed. This paper presents the design of the BIT-HCCB blanket configuration inside a reactor and its structure, along with neutronics, thermo-hydraulics and thermal stress analyses. Such preliminary performance analyses indicate that the design satisfies the requirements and the material allowable limits.

摘要：The measurement of energetic particles plays an important role in the space environment monitoring and space weather *** accuracy of the energetic electron measurement is seriously influenced by the proton *** anti-proton contamination design for the sensor of imaging energetic electron spectrometer is introduced in this *** to the electron and proton spectrum on the typical satellite orbits calculated by the radiation belt models,the efficiency of the anti-proton contamination design is estimated by the Geant4 simulation and the design is optimized based on the simulation results.

摘要：The efficient and safe operation of large fusion devices strongly relies on the plasma configuration inside the vacuum *** is important to construct the proper plasma equilibrium with a desired plasma *** order to construct the target configuration,a shape constraint module has been developed in the tokamak simulation code（TSC）,which controls the poloidal flux and the magnetic field at several defined control *** is used to construct the double null,lower single null,and quasi-snowflake configurations for the required target shape and calculate the required PF coils *** flexibility and practicability of this method have been verified by the simulated results.

摘要：KTX（Keda Torus for eXperiment）is a new reversed field pinch *** KTX plasma control system（PCS）can provide real-time,stable,flexible plasma control which is designed by ASIPP（Institute of Plasma physics,Chinese Academy of sciences）,based on the Linux cluster system and EPICS（Experimental physics and Industrial Control System）framework,and developed from DIII-D（Doublet III-D）*** control of the equilibrium field in KTX uses a PID（Proportional-Integral-Derivative）feedback *** control of the gas injection is an open loop *** plasma control simulation system is one part of the plasma control system,which is used to test the plasma control algorithm if it is revised and *** KTX PCS has been successfully tested using HT-7（Hefei Torus 7）experiment data in simulation *** the next phase,an error field feedback control and KTX simulator will be added to the KTX PCS,and the KTX PCS will be applied in experiments in the future.

摘要：Fano-like quantum routing of single photons in a system with two waveguides coupled to two collocated atoms is investigated theoretically. Using a full quantum theory in real space, photonic scattering amplitudes along four ports of the waveguide network are analytically obtained. It is shown that, by adjusting the atomic dipole-dipole interaction, an evident Fano-line shape emerges in the scattering spectra of the single-dot configuration system. Moreover, Fano resonance can also be achieved by varying the atom-waveguide coupling strength and atomic detuning, in the presence of the atomic dipole-dipole interaction. Therefore, the atomic dipole-dipole interaction may be utilized as a possible way to control spectral Fano-like resonance. The feasibility with the experimental waveguide channels is also discussed.