摘要：We read with great interest the article[1]by Dehbokri et *** in the Journal *** authors carried out a double-blind,randomized clinical trials to study the effects of vitamin D supplementation on children with attention deficit hyperactivity disorder(ADHD)for 6 weeks.

摘要：This study was concerned with the measurement of General Speediness (Gs) using the auditory modality. Existing as well as purpose-developed auditory tasks that maintained the cognitive requirements of established visually presented Gs marker tests were completed by N = 80 university undergraduates. Analyses supported the results of our previous work [1] and auditory and visual tasks combined to define latent RT and Gs factors. Moreover, the analysis did not support the presence of modality-specific speed factors. Overall, this study provides further evidence suggesting that auditory tasks might successfully measure existing broad abilities defined in intelligence theories (i.e., Gf, Gc, etc.) provided they maintain the same cognitive requirements as existing visual measures of such constructs.

摘要：本文介绍一个可以用于研究遗传与环境互动的新颖方法。此研究收集了上千个4～10岁儿童的数据。这些儿童的出生都借助于不同的辅助受孕技术（Assisted Reproductive Technologies），包括试管婴儿、精子捐赠、卵子捐赠、胚胎捐赠及代孕技术。本项目通过妇科（助孕）医院收集被试的行为数据，包括家庭互动、养育方式、父母婚姻质量、家庭成员的心理健康及经济状况等。本文选择性地介绍一些分析的结果，以彰显这种设计在分离遗传和产前产后环境对儿童发展的贡献。首先，我们比较了“助孕”儿童与“自然孕”儿童在父母冲突、父母对子女敌意以及儿童抑郁症状之间关系的异同。其次，我们比较了这两组儿童在父母抑郁症状、家庭关系质量以及儿童抑郁症状之间关系的异同。再次，本文介绍了这一可分离遗传与环境因素的研究设计。最后，我们讨论了这一设计对发展心理病干预及预防的意义。

摘要：Based on the undertaken research, it is explored whether power can affect the judgment made by individual about unethical behavior. Research 1 uses questionnaire as measuring method. The results demonstrate that individuals with different levels of power make judgment on various unethical behaviors. Their judgments are not different. It does not agree with the hypothesis. The reason may lie in that it may be affected by social desirability, or that there exist defects in the design of questionnaire. Research 2 uses laboratory investigation. The results demonstrate that individuals in high-power group conduct unethical behavior more frequently and more fiercely. It agrees with the hypothesis. The inconsistent results of the two researches can be reasonably explained from the two angles of moral permission and moral hypocrisy.

摘要：What is the psychological mechanism of the radical behavior towards the public affairs?Carl Jung’s analytical psychology can be an approach to this *** tested 268 people on their cognitive,emotional and behavioral reflex on suicide components expression and terrorism ideology *** results shows that,based on psychoanalytical dipole model,“mine/alien’s”archetype’s polarization factors impacts the shahidism behavior.

摘要：The current study investigated the value and significance of the existence of the old industrial buildings, as well as the necessity and difficulty to renovate the design. Combined with successful cases, this study analyzed and showed that one should not only deal with the relationship between the original architectural style and construction of modem cities in the process of renovation design of the old industrial building space. More attention should also be paid to create new space to meet the functional requirements of the modem features, and then complete substantial renovation of old industrial building space through the innovative design. In the use of aesthetic innovative design for the renovation of the old industrial building space, people must respect the space of old industrial buildings as the prerequisite of the renovation design. It is needed to expound the local space reconstruction methods and design principles respectively on the basis of respect. And then one should grasp the whole space and make the structured design and reasonable use according to the new space functional requirements of different functional areas. This paper attempted to learn from environmental art study on the renovation of old industrial buildings space and in terms of innovative design. The authors explored the innovative thinking on the renovation design of old industrial building space through the analysis of the reality.

摘要：The utilization of solar energy for hydrogen production via water splitting has garnered considerable attention in the realm of renewable *** nanowires photocathodes own the advantages of effective photon absorption,non toxicity and industrial ***,the photoelectrocatalytic(PEC)performance of Si nanowires photocathodes is still limited by ineffective or deficient active sites on their ***,we develop an efficient Si based photocathode modified with Al-porphyrin-based MOF(Al-PMOF),consisted of an earth-abundant metal containing Al(OH)O_(4) cluster bridged by 5,10,15,20-tetrakis(4-carboxyphenyl)*** assembled Al-PMOF significantly enhances the photocurrent density of bare Si nanowires photocathodes,resulting in a twofold increase under equivalent conditions,alongside a positive shift of 200 mV in the onset potential of the Si/Al-PMOF *** improved PEC hydrogen evolution performance is ascribed to accelerate surface charge transfer of Si photocathode and provision of favorable active site for the hydrogen evolution *** work provides insights into the fabrication of semiconductor/molecule catalyst hybrid photocathodes,thus facilitating the realization of high-efficiency PEC water splitting.

摘要：The mechanism of language’s impact on people’s mind is a black box problem in *** the 21st century it crossed the field of psychology and became an urgent problem in artificial intelligence and *** language has a highly effective role amongst all human linguistic materials on psychological *** is the mechanism of religious language impacts on the brain?This study examined the relationship between religious linguistic rhythms and brain wave *** chose 36 Koran’s sur as language material and counted the length of every sentence for definition its’*** using the same method we compared with other religious and political linguistic *** data shows the common rhythmic structure among all those language ***,we consider that clock rhythms display of bilateral regulation,psychotherapeutic impact of the canonic texts is based on harmonization inter-hemisphere attitudes and other rhythms.

摘要：The nucleus accumbens shell(NAcSh) plays an important role in reward and aversion. Traditionally, NAc dopamine receptor 2-expressing(D2) neurons are assumed to function in aversion. However, this has been challenged by recent reports which attribute positive motivational roles to D2 neurons. Using optogenetics and multiple behavioral tasks, we found that activation of D2 neurons in the dorsomedial NAcSh drives preference and increases the motivation for rewards, whereas activation of ventral NAcSh D2 neurons induces aversion. Stimulation of D2 neurons in the ventromedial NAcSh increases movement speed and stimulation of D2 neurons in the ventrolateral NAc Sh decreases movement speed. Combining retrograde tracing and in situ hybridization, we demonstrated that glutamatergic and GABAergic neurons in the ventral pallidum receive inputs differentially from the dorsomedial and ventral NAcSh. All together, these findings shed light on the controversy regarding the function of NAcSh D2 neurons, and provide new insights into understanding the heterogeneity of the NAcSh.

摘要：Background： Smokeless tobacco is widely used by athletes to enhance performance. Nicotine is a central nervous system stimulant and acts on cardiocirculatory and metabolic systems, involving tissue blood flow and circulatory vasoreactivity. The aim of this study was to investigate the effects of the oral smokeless tobacco （Swedish snus （SS）） on the perception of fatigue and time to exhaustion （TTE） during moderate-intensity aerobic exercise. Methods： Fourteen healthy non-tobacco male users were recruited for a double-blind, controlled crossover design （SS vs. snus placebo （SP））. Subjects were tested for 3 sessions： experimental session 1 （Exp 1） consisted of an incremental test to determine the maximal aerobic power out-put （Wmax）, whereas Exp2 and Exp3 consisted of exercising at 65%Wmax until exhaustion in SS or SP conditions. During Exp2 and Exp3, muscle and cerebral oxygenation was assessed by means of near-infrared spectroscopy, and the rating of perceived exertion （RPE） was recorded. Results： Comparing SS with SP tests, significant differences （p 〈 0.05） were found in the values of cerebral （-3%） and muscular tissues oxygenation （-4%） in the first 30 min of exercise. The RPE values were not significantly different between the 2 conditions （SS vs. SP）. No significant difference was found in TTE （SS： 54.25 ± 21.84 min; SP： 50.01 ± 17.03 min）. Conclusion： This study showed that muscular and cerebral oxygenation increased significantly with snus administration during an endurance exercise until exhaustion, but this did not affect fatigue perception and TTE. The results showed that snus could not be considered an ergogenic substance in non-tobacco users.2018 Published by Elsevier B.V. on behalf of Shanghai University of Sport. This is an open access article under the CC BY-NC-ND license. （http：//***/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0/）.