摘要：In order to overcome the limitations of traditional microperforated plate with narrow sound absorption bandwidth and a single structure,two multi-cavity composite sound-absorbing materials were designed based on the shape of monoclinic crystals:uniaxial oblique structure(UOS)and biaxial oblique structure(BOS).Through finite element simulation and experimental research,the theoretical models of UOS and BOS were verified,and their sound absorption mechanisms were *** the same time,the influence of multi-cavity composites on sound absorption performance was analyzed based on the theoretical model,and the influence of structural parameters on sound absorption performance was *** research results show that,in the range of 100-2000 Hz,UOS has three sound absorption peaks and BOS has five sound absorption *** frequency range of the half-absorption bandwidth(α>0.5)of UOS and BOS increases by 242% and 229%,*** with traditional microperforated sound-absorbing structures,the series and parallel hybrid methods significantly increase the sound-absorbing bandwidth of the sound-absorbing *** research has guiding significance for noise control and has broad application prospects in the fields of transportation,construction,and mechanical design.

摘要：长大铁路隧道受特殊地质条件影响可采用分岔隧道建造。然而,列车高速穿越这种复杂构型的隧道时所引起的空气动力学效应尚不清楚。为此,本文采用三维、可压缩、非定常的雷诺时均模型,模拟研究了高速列车从不同方向通过分岔隧道时引起的气动效应。研究内容主要包括入口隧道结构为单线隧道(STE)和双线隧道(DTE)两个运行环境下的车体表面和隧道壁面的压力波动、列车气动力和周围流场特征等。研究结果表明,相比STE场景,DTE场景下车体表面和单线隧道壁面的压力峰峰值更大,并且气动阻力能耗也更大,头车的平均阻力增大19.2%。然而,STE场景下列车的侧向力波动更剧烈,其峰值相比DTE场景增加26%。本文的研究发现可为特殊铁路隧道的设计和建造提供有价值的空气动力学参考。

摘要：Meshless method is a type of promising numerical approach. But for the method, the convergence is still lack of common theoretical explanations, and the technique of numerical implementation also remains to be improved. It is worth noting that a kind of uniformly defined intervention point is used in many existing schemes. Therefore, the intervention-point principle is proposed. The viewpoint is likely to give a reasonable explanation for the inaccuracy and instability of the collocation method. Based on the principle, a design process for a new scheme was demonstrated. Some initial numerical tests were also offered. The results have revealed the intervention point to take effect on convergence, suggested a construction concept using intervention point for meshless collocation method, and presented a new scheme of meshless method for application.

摘要：Road horizontal alignment contains three elements: straight line,circular arc,and *** AutoCAD,clothoid can only be fitted by polyline or spline,and the graphics which are separated from the road data are independent of each ***,it is necessary to develop a new curve for road horizontal ***,the differential approximation and series integration methods for clothoid were ***,the geometric formulae for road line which contain the three elements were derived as a ***,the advantages and feasibility of customizing a road line class,which was derived from the curve base class,were analyzed based on ObjectARX(AutoCAD Runtime eXtension) ***,the data structure and operations for the road line class were *** experimental results show that the road line can integrate the road elements,graphics and data to implement the graphics-oriented design,which can be widely used in road alignment design.

摘要：路基土的变形特性对路基结构设计和路面耐久性保持十分重要。回弹模量(M_(R))和永久变形(PD)是分别表征路基土弹塑性变形的重要指标。本文旨在通过动三轴试验探究路基黏土在偏应力、围压、含水率、加载次数及冻融循环次数条件下的变形特性演变规律。结果表明:冻融循环次数对M_(R)和PD的影响显著,且其在第1次冻融循环中衰减幅度最大,在第6次冻融循环中衰减趋于稳定。同时,在前2000次加载过程中,M_(R)迅速衰减而PD急剧增加。提出并验证了一个综合考虑偏应力、围压、含水率、加载次数及冻融循环次数影响的PD预估模型。研究结果可为路基黏土在冻融循环作用下的变形特性分析提供有效参考。

摘要：基于流场恶化理论和声学类比理论建立了一套声学优化设计方法,并应用于高速列车排障器的声学优化设计中。结果表明,头尾车流线体是最重要的声源,分别占总声能的23.7%和33.7%。与尾车流线型部位相比,头车流线型部位声源能量更偏向高频。车体A计权辐射噪声呈现宽频带噪声(主要在1~4 kHz范围内)和峰值特征(尤其在2 kHz)。在四种方案中,最大伸缩长度的排障器能缓和2 k Hz的强峰值效应,降低总声能,并表现出最佳的声辐射性能。通过风洞试验验证了数值计算模型的正确性。

摘要：Virtual dynamic optimization design can avoid the repeated process from de-sign to trial-manufacture and *** designer can analyze and optimize the productstructures in virtual visualization *** design cycle is shortened and the costis *** paper analyzed the peculiarity of virtual optimization design,and put for-wards the thought and flow to implement virtual optimization *** example to opti-mize the internal grinder was studied via establishing precise finite element model,modi-fying the layout of Stiffened Plates and designing parameters of the worktable,and usingthe technology of modal frequency revision and the technology of multiple tuned *** result of optimization design compared the new grinder with the original grinder showsthat the entire machine's first orders natural frequency is enhanced by 17%,and the re-sponse displacement of the grinding-head has dropped by 28% under the first order natu-ral frequency and by 41% under second order natural ***,the dynamic per-formance of the internal grinder was optimized.

摘要：为探究列车底部转向架区域结构对列车底部流场以及列车气动性能的影响,本文采用SST k-ω湍流模型对不同简化程度转向架、雷诺数Re=2.25×10^(6)下的三车编组高速列车周围流场进行仿真分析,并结合风洞试验结果验证数值方法的正确性。分析结果表明:与原始带转向架的列车模型相比,移除转向架并光顺列车车身的简化模型,可实现列车减阻38.2%;将转向架区域进行全包裹并光顺风挡区域,列车气动阻力减少30.3%;而当移除转向架并保留转向架腔外形时,列车气动阻力不减反增10.2%。因此,在进行高速列车气动外形减阻设计时,可考虑封闭转向架腔的方式,实现列车整车气动减阻。

摘要：分段线性表示(PLR)技术目前已在多个领域被广泛用于重新表征高维的时间序列数据,以实现数据维度降低、波动过滤和整体趋势提取的目的。然而,该技术目前尚未在高速列车的隧道压力波数据的相关分析处理中得到应用。因此,本研究首次引入PLR技术对典型的高维列车压力波数据序列进行重新表征,并针对高速列车的压力波数据专门设计了一种基于感知重要点(PIP)且性能表现较好的PLR算法。研究结果表明,数据点重要性的度量方法和分段误差评估方法,特别是前者,对压力波序列的PIP的识别优先级甚至最终结果都会产生影响。与欧氏距离(ED)和正交距离(OD)相比,当将垂直距离(VD)作为数据点重要性的度量方法时,PLR_PIP算法(PLR_PIP_VD)获得了更合理的高速列车压力波的PLR结果。通过累积误差、平均误差和最大误差三种分段误差评估方法之间的对比,当将累积误差作为分段误差评估方法时,PLR_PIP_VD算法得到了相对较好的高速列车压力波的PLR结果。提出的适用于高速列车压力波PLR分析的PLR_PIP算法,为高速列车的压力波数据序列的分析处理提供了一种新的方法。

摘要：According to the shearing force character and the deformation coordination condition of shell at the station of supports, the mathematical models to calculate contact angle and contact pressure distribution between tyre and shell were set up, the formulae of bending moment and bending stress of tyre were obtained. Taking the maximum of tyre fatigue life as the optimal objective, the optimization model of tyre support angle was built. The computational results show that when tyre support angle is 30°, tyre life is far less than that when tyre support angle is optimal, which is 35.6°, and it is unsuitable to stipulate tyre support angle to be 30° in traditional design. The larger the load, the less the nominal stress amplitude increment of tyre, the more favorable the tyre fatigue life when tyre support angle is optimal.